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Pregnant painful hemorrhoids. Pregnancy Hemorrhoids: Causes, Prevention, and Treatment Options

by alexxlab

How do hemorrhoids develop during pregnancy. What are effective ways to prevent hemorrhoids while pregnant. Which treatments are safe for managing pregnancy-related hemorrhoids. When should pregnant women seek medical care for hemorrhoids. How long do pregnancy hemorrhoids typically last.

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Understanding Pregnancy Hemorrhoids: Causes and Risk Factors

Hemorrhoids are a common occurrence during pregnancy, affecting approximately 30% of pregnant women, with some ethnic groups experiencing rates as high as 80%. These swollen veins in the anal region can cause discomfort and concern for expectant mothers. To effectively manage this condition, it’s crucial to understand why hemorrhoids develop during pregnancy.

What are hemorrhoids?

Hemorrhoids, also known as piles, are enlarged veins in the anal canal. They can be internal (inside the rectum) or external (under the skin around the anus). The primary symptoms include pain, bleeding during bowel movements, itching, and swelling in the anal area.

Why are pregnant women more susceptible to hemorrhoids?

Several factors contribute to the increased risk of hemorrhoids during pregnancy:

  • Hormonal changes: Pregnancy hormones like estrogen and progesterone cause veins to relax, potentially leading to blood pooling.
  • Increased blood volume: The body produces more blood during pregnancy, putting additional pressure on veins.
  • Growing uterus: As the baby develops, the expanding uterus puts pressure on the pelvic area, affecting blood flow.
  • Constipation: Pregnancy hormones can slow digestion, leading to constipation and straining during bowel movements.

Preventing Hemorrhoids During Pregnancy: Lifestyle Modifications

While it may not be possible to completely avoid hemorrhoids during pregnancy, there are several strategies expectant mothers can employ to reduce their risk:

Dietary Changes for Hemorrhoid Prevention

A fiber-rich diet can significantly reduce the risk of constipation, a major contributor to hemorrhoid formation. What foods should pregnant women include in their diet to prevent hemorrhoids?

  • Fruits: Apples, pears, berries, and citrus fruits
  • Vegetables: Leafy greens, broccoli, carrots, and Brussels sprouts
  • Whole grains: Oatmeal, quinoa, and whole wheat bread
  • Legumes: Lentils, beans, and chickpeas

Additionally, staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water can help soften stools and prevent constipation.

Exercise and Physical Activity

Regular physical activity can improve circulation and help prevent constipation. Which exercises are safe and effective for pregnant women?

  • Walking: A low-impact exercise that can be done throughout pregnancy
  • Swimming: Provides cardiovascular benefits without putting pressure on joints
  • Prenatal yoga: Improves flexibility and strengthens pelvic floor muscles
  • Kegel exercises: Strengthen pelvic floor muscles, potentially reducing hemorrhoid risk

Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new exercise routine during pregnancy.

Safe and Effective Treatments for Pregnancy Hemorrhoids

When hemorrhoids do occur during pregnancy, there are several safe treatment options available to alleviate discomfort and promote healing:

Topical Treatments

Over-the-counter creams and ointments can provide relief from hemorrhoid symptoms. Which topical treatments are safe for use during pregnancy?

  • Witch hazel: A natural astringent that can reduce swelling and itching
  • Hydrocortisone cream: Provides temporary relief from inflammation and itching (use only as directed by a healthcare provider)
  • Sitz baths: Soaking the affected area in warm water for 10-15 minutes can soothe discomfort

Always consult with a healthcare provider before using any medication during pregnancy, even over-the-counter treatments.

Cold Therapy

Applying cold compresses to the affected area can help reduce swelling and provide relief. How should cold therapy be applied?

  1. Wrap an ice pack or bag of frozen peas in a soft cloth
  2. Apply to the affected area for 10-15 minutes at a time
  3. Repeat several times a day as needed

When to Seek Medical Attention for Pregnancy Hemorrhoids

While most cases of pregnancy hemorrhoids can be managed at home, there are situations where medical attention is necessary. When should pregnant women consult their healthcare provider about hemorrhoids?

  • Severe pain that interferes with daily activities
  • Persistent bleeding during bowel movements
  • Large or prolapsed hemorrhoids that don’t respond to home treatments
  • Signs of infection, such as fever or increased pain

It’s always better to err on the side of caution and consult a healthcare provider if you have concerns about your hemorrhoids during pregnancy.

Long-term Management of Pregnancy Hemorrhoids

For many women, pregnancy hemorrhoids resolve on their own after delivery. However, in some cases, they may persist. How can women manage hemorrhoids postpartum?

Postpartum Hemorrhoid Care

Continued care is essential for managing hemorrhoids after delivery:

  • Maintain a high-fiber diet and stay hydrated
  • Use a donut cushion when sitting to relieve pressure on the affected area
  • Continue with sitz baths and cold therapy as needed
  • Avoid straining during bowel movements

If hemorrhoids persist or worsen after delivery, consult with a healthcare provider for additional treatment options.

Lifestyle Adjustments for Long-term Hemorrhoid Prevention

Adopting certain lifestyle habits can help prevent the recurrence of hemorrhoids in future pregnancies and beyond:

Maintaining a Healthy Weight

Excess weight can put additional pressure on the pelvic area, increasing the risk of hemorrhoids. How can women maintain a healthy weight during and after pregnancy?

  • Follow a balanced, nutrient-rich diet
  • Engage in regular, safe physical activity
  • Work with a healthcare provider or nutritionist to develop a healthy weight management plan

Proper Bathroom Habits

Developing good bathroom habits can significantly reduce the risk of hemorrhoids. What are some tips for healthy bathroom practices?

  • Avoid spending excessive time on the toilet
  • Don’t strain during bowel movements
  • Use soft, unscented toilet paper or moist wipes
  • Respond promptly to the urge to have a bowel movement

Alternative Therapies for Hemorrhoid Relief During Pregnancy

While traditional treatments are effective, some women may be interested in exploring alternative therapies for hemorrhoid relief during pregnancy. Which alternative approaches show promise?

Herbal Remedies

Certain herbs have been traditionally used to alleviate hemorrhoid symptoms. However, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare provider before using any herbal remedies during pregnancy. Some potentially beneficial herbs include:

  • Butcher’s broom: May improve circulation and reduce swelling
  • Horse chestnut: Contains compounds that may strengthen blood vessels
  • Aloe vera: Can provide soothing relief when applied topically

Acupuncture and Acupressure

These traditional Chinese medicine techniques may help relieve hemorrhoid symptoms by improving circulation and reducing inflammation. How do these therapies work?

Acupuncture involves the insertion of thin needles into specific points on the body, while acupressure uses finger pressure on these same points. Both techniques aim to restore balance and promote healing in the body.

It’s essential to work with a qualified practitioner experienced in treating pregnant women if considering these therapies.

The Emotional Impact of Pregnancy Hemorrhoids

While the physical symptoms of hemorrhoids during pregnancy are well-documented, the emotional impact is often overlooked. How can hemorrhoids affect a woman’s emotional well-being during pregnancy?

Dealing with Discomfort and Embarrassment

Hemorrhoids can cause significant discomfort and may lead to feelings of embarrassment or self-consciousness. What strategies can help women cope with these emotions?

  • Open communication with healthcare providers about concerns and symptoms
  • Joining support groups or online forums for pregnant women experiencing similar issues
  • Practicing self-care and stress-reduction techniques, such as meditation or prenatal yoga
  • Focusing on the temporary nature of pregnancy-related hemorrhoids

Maintaining Intimacy During Pregnancy

Hemorrhoids can sometimes interfere with intimacy during pregnancy. How can couples navigate this challenge?

  • Communicate openly about concerns and limitations
  • Explore alternative forms of intimacy that don’t exacerbate hemorrhoid symptoms
  • Consult with a healthcare provider for guidance on safe sexual practices during pregnancy

Remember that intimacy encompasses more than just physical acts and can include emotional connection, verbal affirmation, and non-sexual touch.

Future Research and Advancements in Pregnancy Hemorrhoid Care

As medical understanding of pregnancy-related conditions continues to evolve, researchers are exploring new approaches to preventing and treating hemorrhoids during pregnancy. What areas of research show promise for improving hemorrhoid care?

Genetic Factors in Hemorrhoid Development

Ongoing studies are investigating the potential genetic predisposition to hemorrhoids. How might this research impact future prevention and treatment strategies?

  • Identification of genetic markers associated with increased hemorrhoid risk
  • Development of personalized prevention plans based on genetic profiles
  • Targeted therapies that address specific genetic factors contributing to hemorrhoid formation

Advanced Minimally Invasive Treatments

For severe cases of pregnancy hemorrhoids that don’t respond to conservative treatments, researchers are exploring new minimally invasive techniques. What potential advancements are on the horizon?

  • Improved rubber band ligation techniques specifically designed for use during pregnancy
  • Novel topical treatments with enhanced absorption and efficacy
  • Non-invasive devices that use targeted energy to shrink hemorrhoids without surgery

As research progresses, pregnant women may have access to more effective and comfortable treatment options for managing hemorrhoids.

In conclusion, while hemorrhoids during pregnancy can be uncomfortable and concerning, they are a common and manageable condition. By understanding the causes, implementing preventive strategies, and exploring safe treatment options, expectant mothers can effectively cope with this aspect of pregnancy. Remember to always consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice and treatment recommendations tailored to your specific situation.

How To Treat Hemorrhoids During Pregnancy

Medically reviewed by: Liza M. Capiendo, MD

Last modified on December 6th, 2022

Pregnancy hemorrhoids are common and occur in around 30% of pregnancies. In some ethnicities, up to 80% of pregnant women suffer from the condition. If you are pregnant and have developed hemorrhoids, this article will answer all your questions about the illness. 

We’ll discuss what hemorrhoids are, why they occur during a pregnancy, how long they last, when to call your doctor, and how to prevent them. 

We’ll also take a look at how you can treat them during pregnancy, and what you should do if they persist after you deliver. 

What are hemorrhoids? 

Hemorrhoids, also known as ‘piles’, are swollen, blue-colored veins found inside the anal canal. These are called internal hemorrhoids. If the swollen veins are found closer to the skin (or pop out of the anal canal), they are called external hemorrhoids.

Veins carry blood away from the anal region. When pressure inside the body increases, it compresses these veins and prevents normal blood flow. This causes blood to collect in these veins, making them engorged. And these engorged veins are called hemorrhoids. 

Situations in which pressure inside the body increases include straining during bowel movements, coughing, lifting weights, obesity, and pregnancy. And these are some of the most common causes of hemorrhoids. 

Usually, the first symptoms of hemorrhoids are pain and bleeding when passing stool. Itching and swelling around the anus might also occur.

Why do hemorrhoids occur during a pregnancy?

Hemorrhoids occur during a pregnancy because of hormonal effects, weight of the developing baby, and increased amount of blood in the body. Let’s discuss each of these in detail.

Hormones 

The body undergoes many changes during a pregnancy. One change is the excessive release of hormones (like estrogen and progesterone), which cause veins to relax. This prevents blood from effectively moving away from the anus, causing it to pool inside the veins. 

Pregnancy-related hormones also decrease bowel movements, which leads to constipation. This leads to straining when you’re passing stool, which increases the pressure in the area and puts you at risk for hemorrhoids. 

Size of the baby

The fetus (developing baby) grows in size as a pregnancy continues. This causes pressure inside the mother’s body to increase. And as discussed previously, increased pressure is one way how hemorrhoids form.

Increased blood quantity

During a pregnancy, the amount of blood in the body increases. This causes veins to enlarge as they have to carry more blood, causing them to stretch and appear dilated. When veins are unable to handle the increased amount of blood, they swell and enlarge, leading to hemorrhoids.

How long do pregnancy hemorrhoids last? 

Hemorrhoids in a pregnancy usually last till the birth of the baby and go away on their own once you deliver. They commonly appear in the third trimester, during child-birth, or immediately after the birth of the baby. 

In some cases, hemorrhoids might persist after the pregnancy is over and require medical treatment (more on that later).

When should I call my doctor for hemorrhoids during pregnancy?

You should call your doctor when your hemorrhoids cause intense pain or begin to bleed. You should also consult a doctor before taking any medicines for hemorrhoids. It’s not a good idea to self-medicate during pregnancy because some drugs can harm the baby. 

How to prevent hemorrhoids during a pregnancy?

Hemorrhoids can be prevented during a pregnancy by consuming a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and using stool softeners.

Diet 

Constipation leads to straining during bowel movements, increasing the risk for hemorrhoids. Pregnant women are at a higher risk for constipation than normal individuals, which is why you must take extra steps to prevent it.

This can be done by consuming a fiber-rich diet and avoiding processed foods. Foods rich in fiber include vegetables, fruits, and whole grains.

Kegel exercises

Kegel exercises strengthen the pelvic muscles. These muscles support the bowels, bladder, and uterus (where the baby grows). Contracting these muscles improves blood circulation in the rectum, which might be helpful for preventing hemorrhoids

Stool softeners

After consultation with your doctor, you may take stool softeners like docusate, which help prevent constipation.

How do I get rid of hemorrhoids during a pregnancy?

Once they develop, you might not be able to get rid of hemorrhoids entirely during a pregnancy. 

But you can reduce the severity of your symptoms by having an appropriate diet, using a sitz bath, using cold compresses, maintaining good anal hygeine, avoiding sitting for too long, and doing Kegel exercises.

Sitz bath

In a sitz bath, you sit in warm water for 10-15 minutes at least three times a day. This soothes your anal area and helps relieve pain. 

Ice packs

Cold therapy involves applying ice packs to the anal area several times daily. This reduces swelling and pain.

Keep the anus dry and clean

Moisture irritates the anus if you have hemorrhoids, causing pain. Baby wipes can be used to carefully pat the anus after toileting. Be sure to not wipe, as it can further irritate the anus. 

 

You can also use wipes that contain witch hazel (a plant used as a natural remedy) to pat the anal area after passing stool. They are very effective at reducing swelling.

Avoid sitting for too long

Sitting directly puts pressure on veins near the anus. This can irritate hemorrhoids and cause discomfort. Therefore, hemorrhoid patients are advised to avoid sitting for long periods. It’s a good idea to lie on your side or stand when you can. If you can’t avoid sitting for long periods, use ring cushion to keep the anal area comfortable.

Medicines

Medicines such as hydrocortisone are available as ointments. These can be applied directly on the hemorrhoid and are good at reducing pain and swelling.

What are treatments for hemorrhoids that persist after a pregnancy?

Hemorrhoids that persist after a pregnancy may require surgical treatment. Treatment options include sclerotherapy, rubber band ligation, cauterization, hemorrhoidectomy, and stapling. 

Sclerotherapy

In sclerotherapy, a doctor injects the hemorrhoid with a solution. The solution damages blood vessels and causes a scar to form, which reduces blood flow to the hemorrhoids and shrinks their size. 

Rubber band ligation

This method uses a rubber band, which is placed at the base of the hemorrhoid. This constricts the hemorrhoid, cutting off its blood supply and causing it to wither away. The dead hemorrhoid simply falls off. 

Although rubber band ligation has several advantages over other procedures, some patients may develop pain, bleeding, or an abscess after treatment. In some patients, hemorrhoids might return (and are usually bigger when they grow back).  

One limitation of rubber band ligation is that it can treat only internal hemorrhoids. 

Hemorrhoidectomy

During a hemorrhoidectomy, your doctor cuts away the hemorrhoid using a laser or scissors.

The wound may then be left open or closed off by stitching, depending on whether it’s an open or closed hemorrhoidectomy. Open wounds take longer to heal than stitched wounds, but are less likely to cause problems such as a bruise later on.

Some complications of a hemorrhoidectomy include:

  • Pain
  • Bleeding
  • Wound infection
  • Narrowing of the anal area — this is called a stricture

Stapling

In stapling, a doctor removes some part of the hemorrhoid. The remaining part is then stapled to the normal anus. 

Stapling causes less pain compared to a hemorrhoidectomy and has a shorter downtime. However, itching and bleeding are common side-effects. 

In some cases, hemorrhoids might return in a bigger size after stapling.  

Remember, pregnancy hemorrhoids are common and nothing to worry about

Most women develop pregnancy hemorrhoids. Although these are usually harmless, they may cause discomfort and irritation, which can be treated with a sitz bath, cold packs, and medications. Once you deliver, there’s a high chance your hemorrhoids will go away on their own. 

If they persist, you might need a medical procedure like sclerotherapy or rubber band ligation.

Sometimes, hemorrhoids might bleed or cause extreme pain during a pregnancy. It is important to seek medical attention when this happens.

Hemorrhoids during Pregnancy – Treatment Denver, Boulder, Aurora, CO

Hemorrhoids affect more than half of pregnant women, typically toward the end of the second trimester and into the third trimester.   Though not harmful to mom or baby, they can be very uncomfortable.

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Hemorrhoids are a normal part of the anal canal. Most women who experience hemorrhoid issues do so for the first time during a pregnancy. The discomfort of engorged pregnancy hemorrhoids usually resolves during the weeks and months after the pregnancy has completed. However for some moms the symptoms of hemorrhoid engorgement can become chronic or recurrent.

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Symptoms of Pregnancy Hemorrhoids

Symptoms include heaviness, discomfort, swelling, anal itching, painless bleeding with bowel movements, tissue prolapse.  Anal fissures are another common problem for new or expectant moms.  If the bowel movement is sharply painful (a tearing sensation) please see our advice on managing an Anal Fissure.

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Causes of Hemorrhoids during Pregnancy

The hemorrhoids of pregnancy arise through several causes. Due to pressure from the enlarging heavy uterus and increased blood flow in the pelvic area, hemorrhoid veins in the anorectal wall may swell and bulge. Pregnancy hormones may cause the walls of hemorrhoid veins to relax, contributing to the ease of swelling. Constipation during pregnancy leads to increased straining during bowel movements. The time of vaginal delivery with the increased pelvic pressure exerted by mom and child is particularly hazardous to hemorrhoid vessels. Post-partum constipation and hard stools are risks of breast-feeding moms (another common time for painful anal fissures).

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Seeking Relief

During the later stages of pregnancy, efforts to relieve the pressure on the pelvic floor may aid in managing hemorrhoid symptoms. Lying, or sleeping on your side (perhaps left side more so than right) may improve blood flow through the anorectal area.  Avoid  pressure on the pelvic floor from prolonged standing or sitting. Changing your body position will aid in pelvic floor blood flow.

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Avoid constipation. Drink water. Eat fruits and vegetables.

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   – If this is not enough speak with your obstetrician or family doctor or midwife about adding a stool softener (colace or generic) to your diet. 

   – The gentle laxative Miralax (and generic) has been used safely during pregnancy, but should be approved by your doctor.  

   – When using supplemental fiber (e.g. Metamucil) start with a low dose and ramp up slowly over several days to the recommended dose, or until you are experiencing the regularity you seek. 

   – Daily exercise, such as a walk, can also aid in digestion and promote regularity.

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Some options for directly treating the inflamed tissues include:

  • Soaking the affected area in warm water for 10 to 20 minutes several times a day.

  • Check with your doctor about which over-the-counter hemorrhoid creams and ointments are safe to use. Steroid creams and topical Lidocaine preparations can be safe when used in moderation, but should be approved by your doctor before use. Calmoseptine is a product we have recommended with success. Thinly applied onto the hemorrhoids and anal skin, it creates a moisture barrier, anti-itch and soothing menthol experience.

  • Use of unscented soft toilet paper, and/or moist towelettes.

  • Keep the area dry and clean to avoid irritation.

  • Apply cold compresses for 10 minutes at a time up to four times a day.​ This may be especially helpful following a bowel movement when the hemorrhoid tissues may be  re-inflamed.

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Surgery

Most hemorrhoids of pregnancy are successfully managed without need for surgical intervention. Situations that are worsening in the post-partum time may benefit from office evaluation.  We often see new moms who actually have an ANAL FISSURE, (intense sharp pain with bowel movements, or sharp throbbing pain beginning shortly after leaving the bathroom) which benefits from a different and specific therapy plan.

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Pictured: Left side is a normal Internal Hemorrhoid. On the right side is the anatomy of an engorged Hemorrhoid, both Internal and External.

Hemorrhoids during pregnancy – symptoms, diagnosis, treatment methods

Contents

1. Introduction 2. Diagnostics 2.1. Diagnosis of anal fissure 2.2. Digital rectal examination 2. 3. Instrumental diagnostics 2.4. Laboratory diagnostics 3. Features of the treatment of hemorrhoids in pregnant women 3.1. Changing lifestyle 3.2. Drug therapy 3.3. Surgical intervention 4. Complications 5. Prevention 5.1. Nutrition and drinking regimen 5.2. Personal hygiene 5.3. Physical activity

According to statistics, hemorrhoids during pregnancy occur in 40% of cases. Most often in the II – III trimesters.

In the initial stages, the disease does not pose a danger to either the patient or the fetus. But it negatively affects the psycho-emotional state of the pregnant woman and causes a lot of discomfort.

The problem is complicated by limitations in the patient’s treatment methods – not all drugs and procedures can be used during gestation and lactation without a threat to the child.

If hemorrhoids occur during pregnancy and do not progress, then after childbirth, the nodes, most often, retract on their own.

Causes

The main reason for the development of hemorrhoids during gestation is physiological changes in the functioning of the whole organism.

During this period, both chronic pathologies can become aggravated, and new ones can appear. The development of nodes during pregnancy is facilitated by:

  1. Lifestyle. Some women begin to neglect physical exercises or, due to poor health, severely limit themselves in them. Against the background of physical inactivity and actively produced progesterone, intestinal motility worsens. With improper nutrition and fluid deficiency, an increase in progesterone synthesis leads to constipation. An enlarged uterus puts extra pressure on the rectum. When straining during bowel movements, intra-abdominal pressure rises even more, which causes overflow of blood into the cavernous sinuses of the rectum.
  2. Stagnation. An enlarged uterus leads to compression of the inferior vena cava. Blood circulation in the pelvic organs and the digestive system worsens. This provokes a poor outflow of blood from the lower extremities and the formation of congestion. Due to the increased pressure on the walls of the vessels, they do not withstand and are deformed.
  3. Childbirth. When pushing, the body is put under enormous stress. Especially strongly the pressure rises in the intra-abdominal space. When the child’s head descends into the small pelvis, the rectal vein is compressed. During this period, hemorrhoids may be displaced and ruptured, which leads to additional hemorrhage.
  4. Effect of progesterone on the body. Under the influence of the hormone, loosening of the connective tissue and a decrease in the tone of smooth muscle fibers occur. As a result, blood is deposited in the hemorrhoidal plexuses and typical cavernous bodies are formed.
  5. Improper nutrition and non-compliance with the drinking regimen. Deficiencies of fiber and fluid lead to compaction of feces, which increases the need for straining during the act of defecation. Overeating and plentiful rare meals are also considered harmful. In such a situation, the feces are unevenly distributed throughout the intestines, which leads to their tamping and complications during the act of defecation.

Additional factors in the development of hemorrhoids are: chronic constipation or diarrhea, heredity, changes in blood volume, coagulation process, intensive synthesis of mediators, long stay in the toilet, excessive straining, weight gain.

Diagnostics

At the slightest suspicion of pathology, it is urgent to contact a proctologist. The most competent treatment is to prevent the development of the disease.

Diagnosis consists of several stages: a survey, examination, instrumental and laboratory examination.

Poll

The proctologist asks a number of questions in order to clarify the lifestyle, nutrition, genetic predisposition to the patient’s varicose veins. The doctor is also interested in the frequency and nature of the symptoms that provoke them.

An important role is played by concomitant diseases, occupation, allergies, etc.

After collecting an anamnesis, the doctor makes a preliminary diagnosis. It is possible to confirm or refute it according to the results of further examinations.

Digital rectal examination

With hemorrhoids in a mild form, the examination is painless. The proctologist studies the structure of the anus (closeness, symmetry of the valves, deformities), the condition of the mucous membranes and the adjacent dermis, the presence of inflammation and discharge, etc. If the procedure is painful for the patient, then the question of transferring it is raised.

Examination is necessary to make a differential diagnosis. Symptoms similar to hemorrhoids appear with anal fissures, condyloma, oncology, benign neoplasms, rectal prolapse.

In addition to visiting the proctologist, the patient is examined by a gynecologist. The doctor evaluates the condition of the vagina, rectovaginal septum and tissues adjacent to the anus.

Instrumented diagnostics

If your doctor suspects other bowel disease, an anoscopy may be done. This is a technique in which a tube with a flashlight is inserted into the rectum. If necessary, during the procedure, tissues of the intestinal mucosa are taken for a biopsy.

Anoscopy during pregnancy is possible, since it does not require anesthesia. It does not cause pain to the patient, only a slight discomfort during the introduction of the instrument and the sampling of the biomaterial.

Before carrying out instrumental diagnostics by the method under consideration, cleaning of the lower intestine with microclysters is required.

If oncology or intestinal bleeding is suspected, a colonoscopy is performed. In other cases, during the period of preeclampsia, colonoscopy is strictly not recommended, as it can cause the onset of premature birth.

Laboratory diagnostics

Due to the fact that during pregnancy a woman systematically donates biomaterials for research, when examining hemorrhoids, they can not be taken additionally.

However, this rule applies to cases where the clinical picture is clear and there are no reasons for additional laboratory diagnostics.

If there is anal bleeding, especially in the postpartum period, then the patient must donate blood for hemoglobin and feces to determine the latent blood in it.

Features of the treatment of hemorrhoids in pregnant women

Treatment of hemorrhoids in pregnant women consists of several stages. First of all, the patient is prescribed a lifestyle change and drug therapy. If necessary, it is possible to carry out minimally invasive techniques to remove the hemorrhoid.

Lifestyle change

After collecting information about the patient and her habits, the doctor may recommend:

1. Stick to a diet:

  • avoid spicy and salty foods;
  • eat foods rich in fiber;
  • if there are no diseases of the cardiovascular system and kidneys, then drink at least 1. 5 liters of water per day.

2. Carry out the act of defecation correctly:

  • do not push;
  • sit no longer than 5 minutes, even if it was not possible to defecate;
  • use microclysters.

3. Moderate physical activity. It can be a complex of exercise therapy, light physical exercises without weights, long walks at a calm pace.

If it is necessary to use laxatives, castor oil is recommended to be replaced with medicines allowed during gestation. Preparations containing magnesium can lead to premature stimulation of the uterus. It is better to give preference to vaseline oil, preparations with lactulose or foods rich in dietary fiber (plums, prunes, for example). The introduction of drugs in any trimester is permissible only after agreement with the supervising physician.

Compliance with simple rules allows you to eliminate the disease completely or significantly reduce its manifestations in 70% of cases.

Medical therapy

Due to the limited list of permitted medications, the scheme and course of taking medications should be developed by a doctor.

As a general rule, patients in position are prohibited from taking analgesics. However, there are a number of drugs, which include local anesthetics. They are not absorbed into the bloodstream, so they are absolutely safe for the fetus. These can be: suppositories, ointments and gels with benzocaine and lidocaine.

To eliminate the processes of thrombus formation in the hemorrhoid, let’s take drugs with diosmin. They relieve swelling and inflammation in the “bump” and tissues adjacent to the anus. But during lactation, this group of drugs is prohibited, since proper clinical studies in the field of the effect of diosmin on the development of a child during breastfeeding have not been conducted. During lactation, local hormonal rectal suppositories and ointments are prescribed to relieve swelling, inflammation and itching.

When self-medicating, it should be remembered that even the safest medicines for an adult can be extremely dangerous for the fetus and newborn. Therefore, the appointment of drugs should be handled by a doctor.

Surgery

Milligan-Morgan operations or Ferguson hemorrhoidectomy during pregnancy are used extremely rarely and in situations that threaten the life and health of the patient. They can be carried out after childbirth, when the hemorrhoids have not returned to normal on their own or there is no effect from drug therapy or minimally invasive techniques.

Pregnant women may be offered a thrombectomy. This is a minimally invasive procedure that uses a local anesthetic. It takes only 10 minutes and does not require a long rehabilitation. The operation is painless.

For recurrent bleeding, the method of ligation with latex rings is used. The essence of the method is to pinch the leg of the hemorrhoid and stop the flow of blood into it. Over time, the knot dries out and falls off on its own. It is used only for internal hemorrhoids using local anesthesia.

Complications

Not running hemorrhoids does not affect the course of gestation. It only causes discomfort to the pregnant woman and worsens the quality of life of the patient.

In advanced situations, it can cause the development of anemia, anal bleeding with attempts, paraproctitis, thrombophlebitis of the rectal veins, pinching. Complications lead to the launch of necrotic processes and infection of the patient’s tissues, as well as intrauterine infection of the fetus.

There is an opinion that hemorrhoids lead to oncology. However, it is not. It can affect the quality of sleep, cause an increase in blood pressure and cause anxiety, thereby worsening the physical and psycho-emotional state of the patient.

Prophylaxis

Timely diagnosis and therapy can slow down the development of pathology in the early stages or eliminate it completely. With surgery, the problem can be completely eliminated. However, minimally invasive techniques used during pregnancy do not exclude relapses.

To avoid the re-development of hemorrhoids or prevent its occurrence during gestation, experts recommend following simple rules.

Nutrition and drinking regimen

Patients are advised:

  • eat often and in small portions;
  • , depending on the trimester and the state of the body, consume the amount of calories recommended by the doctor;
  • consume enough water, fiber and dietary fiber;
  • Eliminate alcohol completely.

Depending on the type of constipation, a diet may be suggested.

So, with spastic constipation caused by irritation of the intestinal receptors, onions, legumes, mustard, unripe berries and fruits, black bread should be excluded from the diet. Add broccoli, honey (if there is no allergy), raisins, ripe apples, corn, potatoes, carrots, cauliflower, dried apricots, cereals (oatmeal and pearl barley), sour-milk products, vegetable fats to the diet. Vegetables and fruits need to be boiled, steamed or baked, they can be mashed.

With atonic constipation, on the contrary, it is necessary to increase intestinal motility. The patient is recommended to diversify the menu with beets, prunes, berry and fruit decoctions, fresh salads, fresh fruits, juices and compotes.

An indicator of the correctness of the action is the normalization of the stool and a comfortable bowel movement.

Personal care

In addition to morning and evening hygiene, patients are advised to carry out additional procedures after each act of defecation. To do this, you can use wet wipes without alcohol, as well as a cool hygienic shower.

If hemorrhoids still appear, you should abandon toilet paper, even the softest, and give preference to a hygienic shower with soap. For a hygienic shower, you can use herbal infusions and decoctions, a weak solution of potassium permanganate or other available antiseptic.

Physical activity

During pregnancy, moderate gentle physical activity is extremely important to normalize blood circulation in the lower extremities and pelvic organs.

Pregnant women benefit from gymnastics (for example, according to Kegel), an individual set of exercises, exercise therapy, yoga (for pregnant women). A set of exercises designed for 10 – 15 minutes a day is enough.

Recently, hygienic gymnastics has been gaining popularity. The essence of the exercise is to lie on your back with a raised pelvis. For convenience, a pillow can be placed under the pelvis. For the day you need to do 3 sets of 15 minutes.

Pregnant women are also advised to avoid prolonged static standing and sitting. It is strongly not recommended to supercool and walk for a long time in wet weather.

Running hemorrhoids during pregnancy is a danger not only to the mother, but also to the fetus. Complications can force doctors to resort to radical measures to stop bleeding, which is fraught with premature birth with all the ensuing consequences for the child.

Like any disease, hemorrhoids are easier to prevent by using prevention recommendations and consulting a doctor in a timely manner. Call +7 (4842) 20-70-20!

FAQ

Of course not! Hemorrhoids are not a tumor, as many people think, it is associated with deformation of the vessels of the lower rectum.

The danger of untimely treatment for hemorrhoids lies in the risk of bleeding. But discomfort and bruising also occur with rectal cancer.

As soon as there is discomfort in the anus, you should immediately contact a proctologist for examination.

You can’t say yes or no. In the large intestine, the processes of fecal formation take place. Further movement of feces is facilitated by wave-like contractions of the walls of the rectum, which depend on our nutrition and activity. These contractions are called peristalsis. The walls of the large intestine simultaneously absorb minerals and water. If there is no proper level of peristalsis, even with the consumption of large amounts of water, pathology can develop!

Hemorrhoids are considered a chronic disease. By identifying the symptoms in the early stages and the correct behavior of the patient, an exacerbation can be avoided for a long period of time. But the disease tends to aggravate and progress if left untreated.

Most often, complications of hemorrhoids are manifested in the form of hemorrhoidal bleeding and thrombosis of the node. All this is accompanied by intense pain and causing significant discomfort. Frequent heavy bleeding leads to anemia, which may necessitate a blood transfusion procedure.

Usually this is exactly what happens. Provided that there are no absolute contraindications or special requirements for preparation. In the presence of relative contraindications, therapy is postponed until they are eliminated.

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