What are the most common types of recurring hand rashes. How can you identify different rash types on your hands. What are effective treatments for persistent hand rashes. When should you see a doctor about a rash on your hands.

Understanding Recurring Hand Rashes: Causes and Characteristics

Recurring rashes on the hands can be frustrating and uncomfortable. These skin conditions may come and go, making it challenging to identify the underlying cause. Understanding the different types of hand rashes, their symptoms, and potential triggers is crucial for effective management and treatment.

Hand rashes can be triggered by various factors, including:

• Genetic predisposition
• Environmental irritants
• Allergic reactions
• Stress (both emotional and physical)
• Weather changes
• Certain medications

While some hand rashes may be cured, many are chronic or recurring conditions that require ongoing management. Identifying the specific type of rash is essential for proper treatment and prevention of future flare-ups.

Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis): A Common Culprit for Hand Rashes

Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is one of the most prevalent causes of recurring hand rashes. This chronic skin condition is characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin that can be particularly bothersome on the hands.

Key Features of Eczema on Hands:

• Intense itching
• Red, raised patches of skin
• Dry, scaly texture
• Potential for cracking and bleeding
• May worsen with exposure to irritants or allergens

Is eczema on the hands similar to psoriasis. While both conditions can cause red, raised, itchy patches on the hands, eczema typically involves more intense itching. Additionally, eczema is often triggered by environmental factors or genetic predisposition, whereas psoriasis is an autoimmune condition.

Treating Eczema on Hands

Managing eczema on the hands requires a multi-faceted approach:

1. Moisturize regularly with fragrance-free, hypoallergenic products
2. Use mild, unscented soaps and thoroughly rinse hands
3. Apply over-the-counter hydrocortisone creams for itching
4. Take short, lukewarm baths with colloidal oatmeal or baking soda
5. Pat skin dry and apply moisturizer while skin is still damp
6. Avoid known triggers and irritants

For severe cases, a dermatologist may prescribe stronger topical medications or other treatments to manage symptoms and repair the skin barrier.

Contact Dermatitis: When Your Hands React to External Substances

Contact dermatitis is another common type of hand rash that occurs when the skin comes into direct contact with an irritant or allergen. This condition can be further classified into two main types: irritant contact dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis.

Irritant Contact Dermatitis

This type of contact dermatitis is more common and occurs when the skin is exposed to substances that physically damage or irritate the skin barrier. Common irritants include:

• Harsh soaps and detergents
• Cleaning products
• Solvents and chemicals
• Prolonged exposure to water

Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Allergic contact dermatitis occurs when the immune system reacts to a specific allergen. Common allergens that can cause hand rashes include:

• Nickel (found in jewelry and some metals)
• Latex
• Fragrances in personal care products
• Certain plants (e.g., poison ivy)

How can you differentiate between irritant and allergic contact dermatitis. Irritant contact dermatitis typically develops quickly after exposure and is confined to the area of contact. Allergic contact dermatitis may take 24-48 hours to develop and can spread beyond the initial contact area.

Managing Contact Dermatitis on Hands

1. Identify and avoid the triggering substance
2. Wear protective gloves when handling potential irritants
3. Use gentle, fragrance-free skincare products
4. Apply cool compresses to soothe inflammation
5. Use over-the-counter hydrocortisone cream for mild cases
6. Consult a dermatologist for persistent or severe symptoms

Dyshidrotic Eczema: Tiny Blisters on Hands and Feet

Dyshidrotic eczema, also known as pompholyx or vesicular hand dermatitis, is a distinct type of eczema that primarily affects the hands and feet. This condition is characterized by the development of small, itchy blisters on the palms, sides of fingers, and soles of the feet.

Key Features of Dyshidrotic Eczema:

• Tiny, fluid-filled blisters (vesicles)
• Intense itching and burning sensation
• Redness and inflammation
• Scaling and peeling as blisters heal
• Potential for skin cracking and pain

What triggers dyshidrotic eczema flare-ups. While the exact cause is unknown, several factors may contribute to outbreaks:

• Stress
• Allergies
• Exposure to certain metals (e.g., nickel, cobalt)
• Excessive sweating
• Fungal skin infections

Treatment Options for Dyshidrotic Eczema

1. Apply cool compresses to affected areas
2. Use over-the-counter anti-itch creams
3. Moisturize hands regularly with fragrance-free products
4. Take oral antihistamines to reduce itching
5. For severe cases, consult a dermatologist for prescription treatments

Psoriasis: Beyond Just a Skin Condition

While psoriasis is often associated with other parts of the body, it can also affect the hands. This autoimmune condition causes rapid skin cell turnover, resulting in thick, scaly patches on the skin’s surface.

Recognizing Psoriasis on Hands:

• Red, raised patches covered with silvery scales
• Dry, cracked skin that may bleed
• Itching, burning, or soreness
• Thickened, pitted, or ridged nails

How does hand psoriasis differ from eczema. Unlike eczema, psoriasis patches tend to have more defined edges and thicker scaling. Additionally, psoriasis is an autoimmune condition, while eczema is often triggered by external factors.

Managing Psoriasis on Hands

1. Use moisturizing creams and ointments regularly
2. Apply over-the-counter cortisone creams for mild cases
3. Protect hands from injury and excessive dryness
4. Consider phototherapy under medical supervision
5. For moderate to severe cases, consult a dermatologist for systemic treatments

Fungal Infections: When Fungi Attack Your Hands

Fungal infections can cause persistent rashes on the hands, often affecting the spaces between fingers or the palms. These infections thrive in warm, moist environments and can be challenging to eliminate.

Common Types of Hand Fungal Infections:

• Tinea manuum (ringworm of the hand)
• Candidiasis (yeast infection)

What are the signs of a fungal infection on hands. Typical symptoms include:

• Red, scaly patches
• Itching and burning sensation
• Peeling or cracking skin
• In some cases, small blisters

Treating Fungal Infections on Hands

1. Keep hands clean and dry
2. Apply over-the-counter antifungal creams or powders
3. Use medicated antifungal soaps
4. For persistent infections, consult a doctor for oral antifungal medications

Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: Not Just for Children

Although hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is more common in children, adults can also contract this viral infection. It can cause a distinctive rash on the hands, along with other symptoms.

Identifying HFMD on Hands:

• Small, red spots that may blister
• Rash typically appears on palms and fingers
• May be accompanied by fever and sore throat
• Possible appearance of mouth sores

How long does the HFMD rash typically last. The rash usually clears up within 7-10 days without scarring. However, in some cases, it may take a few weeks for the skin to fully heal.

Managing Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease

1. Rest and stay hydrated
2. Use over-the-counter pain relievers for discomfort
3. Apply topical anesthetics to relieve pain from mouth sores
4. Avoid touching or scratching the rash
5. Practice good hygiene to prevent spreading the infection

When to Seek Medical Attention for Hand Rashes

While many hand rashes can be managed at home, certain situations warrant professional medical attention. It’s important to recognize when a hand rash requires evaluation by a healthcare provider.

Signs That Indicate a Need for Medical Evaluation:

• Severe pain or discomfort
• Signs of infection (increased redness, warmth, swelling, or pus)
• Fever accompanying the rash
• Rash that spreads rapidly or covers a large area
• Blisters that rupture and leave raw, open areas
• Rash that interferes with daily activities
• No improvement after a week of home treatment

Can recurring hand rashes be a sign of an underlying health condition. In some cases, persistent or recurring hand rashes may indicate an underlying medical issue, such as an autoimmune disorder or allergic reaction. A healthcare provider can help determine if further testing or specialized treatment is necessary.

What to Expect During a Medical Evaluation

1. Detailed medical history and symptom review
2. Physical examination of the affected areas
3. Possible skin tests or biopsies for accurate diagnosis
4. Discussion of treatment options and preventive measures
5. Referral to a dermatologist or allergist if needed

Remember, early intervention can prevent complications and provide relief from persistent hand rashes. Don’t hesitate to seek professional help if you’re concerned about a recurring skin condition on your hands.

8 Common Types of Rashes

Is your skin itchy, dry, blistering, or red? Do you have rashes that come and go? You may have one of these common skin conditions.

Medically Reviewed

By Moira LawlerMedically Reviewed by Ross Radusky, MD

Reviewed: December 21, 2020

Itchy? It may be time to schedule an appointment with a dermatologist.

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Skin conditions can be hard to identify. Is it dermatitis or hives? A breakout or an infection? Because rashes may need to be treated a certain way, if you don’t know what you have, you may inadvertently be making it worse. Whether it’s a minor nuisance or an epidermis nightmare, there are ways to soothe your skin — once you know what you’re dealing with.

“With most skin conditions, you either have a genetic predisposition to them or not,” says Ranella Hirsch, MD, a board-certified dermatologist based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. “They can be exacerbated by stress — either emotional, such as meeting your future in-laws, or environmental, such as an allergen. ”

Some skin conditions (athlete’s foot, for instance) can be cured, but most are chronic or recurring. They can be triggered by anything from weather (as in the case of atopic dermatitis) to perfume (as with contact dermatitis). Many of these rashes come and go.

RELATED: 7 Types of Eczema and Photos of What They Look Like

Read on to learn about eight common skin conditions and their symptoms and triggers. You’ll find photos of each, to assist in identification, as well as some simple soothing tips courtesy of experts. Remember: It’s important to see a doctor if you’re dealing with a concerning skin issue, especially if lifestyle and over-the-counter treatments don’t provide relief.

137

Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)

Sergio Azenha/Alamy

The most common type of eczema is atopic dermatitis, and the terms are often used interchangeably to describe the same skin condition. Symptoms of atopic dermatitis are often confused with those of psoriasis; but they aren’t the same. Both can cause red, raised, itchy patches of skin on the hands and scalp, but eczema tends to come with really intense itching, according to Penn Medicine. They’re also caused by different things. Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease, while eczema could be the result of genetic or environmental factors.

With eczema, “the barrier of your skin is damaged and you’re losing moisture,” says Katie Rodan, MD, a board-certified dermatologist and cofounder of Rodan + Fields based in Oakland, California. She compares the condition to a leaky roof: When you have eczema, “anything irritating and allergenic can enter [the skin] more easily, making you more prone to rashes and infections.”

About 20 percent of infants have eczema, according to Johns Hopkins Medicine. Many kids outgrow eczema, though it sometimes sticks around into adolescence or adulthood.

Commonly affected areas include the eyelids, elbows, hands, feet, knees, and ankles, according to the Mayo Clinic. Triggers for eczema include environmental factors, such as hot weather, according to Penn Medicine, or contact with certain products, such as chemicals or drying detergents, says Joyce Davis, MD, a board-certified dermatologist based in New York City. “It is vital to wear gloves when working with chemicals and be sure to use a laundry detergent that is hypoallergenic and gentle on skin, like the Arm & Hammer Sensitive Skin, Free & Clear laundry detergent,” she says.

Rash Rx

First, stop scratching!

“Eczema creates a vicious itch-scratch cycle,” Dr. Hirsch says. “The skin’s dryness [causes] itchiness, which makes you scratch. Scratching makes your skin thicker, which itches more.”

The Mayo Clinic and Hirsch recommend a combination of treatments and lifestyle changes:

• Use an anti-itch lotion, such as a topical steroid with 1 percent hydrocortisone, which is available over the counter. If over-the-counter products don’t work, a dermatologist can prescribe creams that control the itching and help repair the skin. But long-term use of steroid treatments isn’t recommended, because they can thin the skin.
• Choose mild soap that doesn’t include dyes or fragrances, and be sure to thoroughly rinse it off the body.
• Buy skin-care products that are unscented, not fragrance free. “Fragrance free means they’ve used a chemical to mask a scent, and those chemicals can be irritating,” Hirsch says.
• Avoid long, hot showers and instead take a bath with baking soda, uncooked oatmeal, or colloidal oatmeal. Pat the skin dry afterward, and apply moisturizer while the skin is still damp. “If you put a thin layer on damp, not dry, skin, it will penetrate quickly,” Hirsch says.

RELATED: 6 Useful Apps and Devices for Managing Eczema or Atopic Dermatitis

138

Contact Dermatitis

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Contact dermatitis is a different type of eczema, triggered by physically touching something that irritates or causes an allergic reaction, according to the American Academy of Dermatology Association (AAD). Intense itching, accompanied by a rash with fluid-filled blisters, is the hallmark of the disorder, according to AAD.

There are two types of contact dermatitis: irritant, which is more common and occurs when your skin reacts to something chemical (like a perfume or detergent), and allergic contact dermatitis, which is caused by a reaction to a substance, according to the Mayo Clinic. Common contact dermatitis triggers include nickel jewelry, hair dye, cosmetics, skin-care products, nail polish, formaldehyde, rubbing alcohol, and poison ivy.

“It is usually not immediate; it takes a few days for contact dermatitis to appear on your skin the first time around,” Dr. Davis says. “The second time, it may appear sooner.”

Rash Rx

For both irritant and allergic contact dermatitis, use over-the-counter or prescription topical cortisone, Davis says.

“Unfortunately, there is no ‘cure’ for an irritant or allergic sensitivity, although some can improve with time,” says Lisa Anthony, MD, a board-certified dermatologist at Westmed Medical Group in Westchester, New York. Preventing contact dermatitis, however, can be simple: Avoid what’s making you break out — if you’re able to identify the culprit yourself, says the Mayo Clinic. Dr. Anthony says that’s not always easy.

Identifying an allergic reaction may require a test, in which a doctor applies a small patch with allergens on it to see if your skin reacts, per a study published in the July–August 2015 issue of Missouri Medicine.

If costume jewelry is the problem, here’s a quick fix: Paint clear nail polish or apply clear tape on the underside to create a barrier between it and your skin, the Mayo Clinic advises.

RELATED: A Comprehensive Eczema Glossary

139

Seborrheic Dermatitis

Warut Chinsai/Shutterstock

Like dandruff gone haywire, seborrheic dermatitis (sometimes called “scalp eczema”) is a fungus that typically crops up in oily areas such as the scalp, face, upper chest, and back, according to research published in Pharmacy and Therapeutics.

The study noted that it’s extremely common and affects about 12 percent of the population and up to 70 percent of infants in their first three months of life. It seems to be caused by yeasts belonging to the genus Malassezia, the authors wrote.

Rash Rx

Seborrheic dermatitis on the scalp is often treated with over-the-counter dandruff shampoos with ingredients that reduce the skin’s fungal population, Anthony says. Look for shampoos with zinc, selenium, or ketoconazole, and leave the shampoo on the scalp for five minutes before rinsing, recommends Harvard Health Publishing. “Depending on your individual hair type, try to shampoo daily until the condition improves,” Anthony says. “For thicker scale, one can add mineral oil to soften and comb out stubborn flakes.”

If that doesn’t work, your doctor can prescribe stronger shampoos and medications.

Outbreaks on the face and body can be treated with topical corticosteroids or antifungal medications, notes the Cleveland Clinic

Try lifestyle changes too, including de-stressing tactics. Stress is one factor that can trigger seborrheic dermatitis, according to the AAD.

RELATED: How Stress Can Trigger Eczema and How to Avoid a Flare-Up

140

Fungal Infection

Jock itch, athlete’s foot, ringworm: These all belong to a family of infections known as tinea, involving fungus that thrives in warm, moist areas, such as in the groin, toes, and underarms, according to Johns Hopkins Medicine.

“These warm, dark, moist areas create the perfect environment for fungus to breed,” says Crystal Murray Holmes, DPM, a podiatrist in Canton, Michigan, and an associate professor at the University of Michigan.

The symptoms depend on where on the body the infection appears, according to MedlinePlus. A red ring-shaped rash may be — you guessed it — ringworm, while athlete’s foot and jock itch appear as itchy, burning rashes on the skin.

How do you contract it? By coming into contact with an infected person or pet or infected surface, such as a communal shower floor, per MedlinePlus.

They can also be passed through things like shoes and towels, Anthony says. Fungus that causes jock itch, for example, thrives on damp towels and sweaty workout gear and is easily picked up in a locker room, MedlinePlus says.

Rash Rx

Your best bet for treating fungal infections are antifungal creams and oral medications, according to Cedars Sinai. Be sure to wash your hands before and after applying the creams to keep the fungus from spreading further.

Cedars Sinai recommends preventing infection by drying skin folds, feet, and the groin area well, and wearing clean, loose-fitting underwear. “Wear socks made of microfiber, which is designed to wick moisture away from the skin,” Holmes says.

Also, use flip-flops in public showers and around pools or other wet spots, and try to rotate through different pairs of shoes to minimize moisture and fungus buildup, advises Johns Hopkins Medicine.

RELATED: How Ringworm Spreads and How to Deal With It

141

Bacterial Infections

Bacterial infections can start small but grow into a big problem if left untreated. An untended wound, insect bite, or other break in the skin can allow bacteria to creep into your skin and fester, according to Merck and Co. The resulting infection can be the size of a tiny spot or can spread across the entire body, and the severity of the infection can also range from no big deal to life-threatening.

If it’s a small infection, an antibiotic ointment can be applied to the area to clear it up. But if it affects a larger area of the skin, oral or intravenous antibiotics may be needed, according to Merck and Co.

Unfortunately, the World Health Organization notes, overuse of antibiotics has created super-strains of bacteria that don’t respond to those drugs anymore.

“Because of antibiotic resistance, bacterial infections are becoming more virulent,” Dr. Rodan says.

In a worst-case scenario, the infection can get into the blood and be fatal. “People really do die of cuts,” Hirsch says.

Rash Rx

Your doctor will likely start with oral antibiotics, according to the nonprofit health system Fairview. Expedite your visit and see a doctor immediately if you spot yellow pus or foul-smelling drainage from a wound, increased redness and pain at the site of the wound, changes in color or size, red streaks in the skin surrounding the wound, or if you come down with a fever. Hirsch says those symptoms are cause for concern.

You can also prevent skin infections from developing by cleaning every cut or wound immediately with soap and water, and covering with a bandage, according to Merck and Co.

RELATED: How to Wash Your Hands Correctly

142

Hives

Areeya Yodplob/Alamy

A mysterious, sometimes random skin condition that may come and go, hives (also known as urticaria) have many triggers, including certain foods (such as peanuts, eggs, nuts, and shellfish), extreme cold or heat, some medications and illnesses, and insect bites, according to the American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology. Genetics can also be to blame. “There can be a genetic component to hives where individuals are more prone to allergy, asthma, and eczema,” Anthony says.

In response to the trigger, the cells in your body release histamine, a chemical that makes the body go into inflammatory overdrive to get rid of the allergen, according to the Cleveland Clinic. Hives and swelling result as your body responds to the flood of histamines.

If hives are accompanied by swelling of the eyes, mouth, hands, feet, or throat, or difficulty breathing, you may have angioedema. “It is similar to hives, but it can be more severe and often affects the eyes and lips,” Anthony says. “In the most severe cases, internal organs such as the respiratory tract and gut can be involved.”

Rash Rx

Sometimes hives disappear on their own without any treatment, though applying a cold washcloth to the area can help soothe the skin, the Mayo Clinic says.

If not, try an over-the-counter oral antihistamine to reduce itching and swelling. Still not getting relief? See your doctor for an anti-inflammatory medication such as prednisone, advises the Mayo Clinic.

“Like all allergic skin reactions, each subsequent exposure can get worse” and may even be life-threatening, Rodan says.

Of course, the best remedy is prevention. Try to identify your trigger for hives and avoid it.

RELATED: What Are the Symptoms of Hives?

143

Herpes

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Though herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections can be transmitted through sex, that’s not the only way the virus is passed between people, according to the CDC.

“At least 80 percent of us are exposed to the herpesvirus by the time we enter kindergarten,” Rodan says, thanks to shared toys, kisses from relatives, and slobbering, germy friends.

Our immune systems usually fight off the disease, but about 20 percent of people break out in sores, Rodan says.

Oral herpes, usually HSV type 1, is usually the culprit behind cold sores and originates during childhood through nonsexual contact, according to the CDC.

“Any close contact like kissing, sharing utensils, or using a department store lipstick tester can cause it to spread,” Hirsch says. But HSV type 1 can also be transferred to the genitals during oral sex, according to the CDC.

A herpes outbreak can be triggered by stress, illness, fatigue, and sun exposure, according to Harvard Health Publishing. Though it’s rare, laser and injectable procedures (such as lip filler) at a doctor’s office can also trigger outbreaks, Davis says.

Herpes infections tend to recur in the same spot on your body because the virus lives in the nerve beneath the skin, Davis says. “When it gets triggered back to skin, it’s within the same vicinity,” she says.

Rash Rx

HSV can be tricky to diagnose since it oftentimes looks like an allergic reaction, according to Cedars Sinai. Your doctor may take a virus culture, blood sample, or biopsy to confirm the presence of HSV.

There is no cure, but prescription antiviral medication like Valtrex can reduce the number of herpes outbreaks, according to the Mayo Clinic. Taken in pill form, it can reduce the severity and duration of outbreaks.

A doctor can prescribe topical treatments, such acyclovir and hydrocortisone, to help lessen the symptoms, says the University of Michigan.

RELATED: Is It Herpes or Something Else?

144

Shingles

Geoff Oliver/Alamy

Shingles, another viral rash, is a reactivation of the chicken pox virus, according to the CDC. These painful, itchy, and tingly rashes tend to appear on the torso and will follow the path of a nerve on just one side of the body. “It picks one nerve on either the left or the right side of the body,” Davis says. “It goes around the rib, one part of the face, and it’s very easy to diagnose.”

People with shingles won’t spread shingles to other people, but they can infect others with chicken pox if the person on the receiving end hasn’t had it, according to the Mayo Clinic.

Shingles can occur among people who’ve had chicken pox before, and since most adults in the United States did have chicken pox as kids, they’re at risk, especially if they’re over 50 and have compromised immune systems, according to the Mayo Clinic.

A shingles rash usually goes away within five weeks, and most people will only get shingles once, according to the National Institute on Aging. Sometimes, however, the pain will linger, especially among older people. Known as postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), it can lead to depression, trouble sleeping, and weight loss.

Rash Rx

There are two shingles vaccinations, which should prevent an infection in the first place, according to the CDC. And, as with herpes, an antiviral medication can reduce the severity and duration of a shingles outbreak, especially when taken within three days of the rash appearing, according to MedlinePlus. If you have mild pain, an over-the-counter pain reliever, cool washcloth, calamine lotion, and oatmeal baths may help.

RELATED: How to Prevent and Treat Shingles

Dry, scaly, and painful hands could be hand eczema

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What is atopic dermatitis? – Bratsk Regional Dermatovenerological Dispensary

Atopic dermatitis is a common disease that occurs in all countries, in
adults and children, boys and girls.

Atopic dermatitis
may manifest itself in different ways, but there are basic symptoms: dry, flaky skin,
redness, severe itching, rash.

This condition is often referred to as eczema in toddlers, and in adolescents and
adults – neurodermatitis. Foreign doctors often use the term eczema, although international
the common name is atopic dermatitis.

Today the world suffers from this disease
5% to 20% of children, and 2% to 10% of adults

Term
ATOPIA comes from the Greek word which means “something unusual,
weirdness”.

In fact, this means an unusual hypersensitivity of the body to
environmental factors, incorrect, excessive reaction to stimuli,
which leads to inflammation of the skin.

So, atopic dermatitis is
chronic
recurrent allergic skin inflammation

Why chronic? Atopic dermatitis usually appears in early childhood, during
first 6 months of life. There is no cure for atopic dermatitis. Although
about 60% of children outgrow it. But most ex-atopics keep
dry, irritated skin for life.

Why recurrent? Recurrent – recurring with a certain frequency. Symptoms of atopic dermatitis – itching, rash, irritated skin – appear in periods. Sometimes they disappear, and the skin looks almost healthy, and sometimes they reappear or intensify, flare up.

Period
subsidence is called “remission”, and outbreaks – “exacerbation”.

What about allergies? In the early
With age, the skin becomes the main “target” for irritants that cause allergic reactions.
reaction. The atopic baby’s immune system overreacts to the invasion,
and an exacerbation develops – the skin becomes inflamed.

During an exacerbation of atopic dermatitis, not only the condition worsens
skin, but also general well-being. The quality of life decreases.
Constant itching depresses the child, interferes with sleep. He can shut himself up
become sullen, socially inactive. Therefore, parents should help their
child both with the help of proper care, and psychologically.

To indicate the causes of exacerbation of atopic dermatitis, often
use the English term “trigger”. It translates as “trigger”
or “let go”.

Trigger
is any factor that provokes an exacerbation of atopic dermatitis

A diagnosis of Atopic Dermatitis can
put only a doctor!

He will prescribe the correct treatment regimen,
explain the principles of atopic skin care.

The main goal of treatment is to prolong remission
and prevent new outbreaks. The task of parents is to be allies of the doctor,
strictly follow his appointments and provide the child with an appropriate image
life.

2. Why does atopic
dermatitis?

An important role in the development of atopic dermatitis in a child is played by
heredity. According to one study, if one of the parents was sick
or suffers from atopic dermatitis, then with a probability of 56% in a child he
will develop too.

If both parents are ill, the probability rises to 81%. Moreover,
if parents suffer from allergic rhinitis or bronchial asthma, then the risk
development of atopic dermatitis in a child also increases.

But heredity alone is not enough for the development of the disease.
Atopic dermatitis occurs when there is a genetic predisposition
environmental factors that weaken the child’s immune system are connected.

How does the environment influence?

Disease triggers can
become:

• Food or inhalation allergens (e. g. dust, pollen)
• Skin chemicals (soaps, detergents)
• Climate. As a rule, the aggravation of the disease occurs in the cold season, and a significant improvement in the summer

Physical causes:

irritation from clothing, sweating,
itchy and scratchy

May also trigger
become:

• Frequent viral diseases of the nasopharynx and
  upper respiratory tract (ARVI).
• Foci of chronic infection in the oral cavity.

Need them on time
treat so that the process does not go into a chronic stage.

• Tobacco smoke.
• Passive smoking.
• Stress and drinking during pregnancy also
  increase the risk of atopic dermatitis in children.

Therefore, the future mother
it is important to lead a healthy lifestyle and worry less.

3. How does atopic dermatitis manifest itself?

Atopic dermatitis
can be recognized by several early signs.

1. itching varies in intensity.

2. dry, flaky skin.

3. redness and swelling.

4. rashes in the form of nodules

5. greasy scales, yellowish crusts on the face and under the hair. Over time these
the symptoms spread almost all over the body.

Depending on age, atopic dermatitis manifests itself in different ways,
therefore it is distinguished by different age stages, as well as severity
course of the disease

Infant stage

In the infant stage, vesicles form on the skin, from which oozes
transparent liquid. This is called the exudative (weeping) form.
atopic dermatitis. Doctors used to use the term “baby eczema”. More often
the face, trunk, less often the thighs and lower legs suffer. Skin in inflamed areas
it becomes painful, itches, a burning sensation is felt. In “dry form”
atopic dermatitis skin flakes and cracks appear.
It is easy to infect these wounds, therefore, when caring for inflamed skin,
hygiene is important.

Childhood

Weeping form is less common in childhood. The skin becomes dry
flaky and itchy. Skin folds thicken, areas of keratinized
skin – hyperkeratosis. Skin color becomes uneven. Peel off the skin of the eyelids, eyebrows.
Severe itching especially torments at night. At this stage, rashes appear in
elbow and popliteal folds, gluteal folds, on the elbows, wrists, on
back of the neck, hands and feet.

Adolescence

Adolescence dryness and scaling covering the entire upper part
body, hands and feet. On the face, the rash often appears around the eyes and mouth.
Periods of exacerbation occur more frequently.
The disease is severe, often pustules form on the skin, sometimes
associated with a fungal infection.
If the disease has not receded during adolescence, there is a risk that it will
accompany a person throughout his life.

And now about gravity. In addition to age
stages, course of atopic dermatitis
is divided into mild, moderate and severe.

Light
degree of atopic dermatitis

Reddening of the skin in separate small areas, slight itching during the day,
aggravated at night – signs of a mild course of atopic dermatitis.
Exacerbations are rare – 1-2 per year.

Medium
degree of atopic dermatitis

patches of skin (from 10 to 50%), severe redness, thickened skin, in places
weeping, moderate or severe itching. This is already moderate. Exacerbations
occur often – 3-4 times a year.

Heavy
degree of atopic dermatitis

In severe atopic dermatitis, more than half of the skin
affected, dry and thickened areas are adjacent to weeping, itching is very
strong. There are practically no periods of improvement.

Depends on the stage and severity
a treatment prescribed by a doctor, the observance of which will definitely help
cope with the unpleasant manifestations of atopic dermatitis.

4. This is really serious.
disease?

Atopic dermatitis significantly reduces the quality of life. First
turn – because of the painful itching. It prevents the child from resting at night and negatively affects the state of the nervous system.
systems.

But the severity of atopic dermatitis is not only in this.
Atopic dermatitis is a systemic allergic disease. Word
“Systemic” in this case means that the child suffers not only from the skin. IN
To varying degrees, the disease affects the entire body.

Atopic march is a typical sequence in the development of allergic
diseases

Often atopic
dermatitis can be the beginning of a whole complex of diseases – so
called Atopic March .

Atopic march is
a term that refers to the typical sequence of development of allergic
diseases. As the child grows older, some manifestations of allergies subside,
while others become more pronounced.

Atopic march starts in infancy as atopic dermatitis and
allergies to certain foods.

When the baby becomes
older, with a probability of 50-60%, the next stage occurs, which manifests itself in
allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis.

At the same time or a little later, 30-40% of atopic patients may develop
The most dangerous manifestation of the “atopic march” is bronchial asthma.

One of the most important
tasks of parents – from early childhood to correctly and consistently solve problems
with the child’s skin condition. After all, care and proper treatment of atopic
dermatitis will help not only relieve the child from itching, but also reduce the likelihood
development of the atopic march.

6. Treatment of atopic dermatitis in
conditions of the Bratsk Regional Department of Internal Affairs

If you suspect signs of atopic dermatitis in your child or yourself, contact a dermatovenereologist at the BroKVD. The doctor will clarify the diagnosis, offer a comprehensive
examination according to the standard, prescribe complex treatment, recommend
examination of narrow specialists, teach how to care for the skin, learn how
to carry out prevention, to prevent frequent exacerbation.

Patients come to us on their own or with referrals from doctors
allergists, pediatricians, therapists. You may be offered treatment for
inpatient or outpatient settings. Patients with a similar diagnosis are
dispensary observation.

SCHOOL OF ATOPIC
DERMATITIS”, on which the doctor
a dermatovenereologist will convey information to you in an accessible form, present
presentation, talk about disease prevention, proper skin care.

We are waiting for you at SCHOOL “ATOPIC
DERMATITIS” at the addresses:

KDO No. 1 per.
Dubyninskiy 20, 1st floor, office №7, fourth
Tuesday every month at 12:30 pm.

For more information tel. registry office: 37-17-00 (Padunsky
and Pravoberezhny district)

KDO No. 2 st. Ryabikov
5, 3rd floor, office No. 305, second,
Fourth Monday of each month at 15:30

For more information tel. reception: 41-70-78 (Central District),

We care about your health!

Dermatitis: atopic, seborrheic, allergic, contact, solar – treatment, causes, symptoms on the face, hands, feet in adults and children

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03/28/2016

Symptoms

• Itching or burning
• Skin rash
• Skin redness

Overview

Dermatitis is any inflammation of the skin that results in a rash. There are different types of dermatitis, and different factors can cause a rash. For example, a rash is caused by diseases such as lichen versicolor or certain viral infections. It can also be caused by drug reactions. In contact dermatitis, the rash is the result of skin contact with substances that lead to an allergic reaction, such as poison oak or ivy. Contact dermatitis may appear after the first contact with the substance. In addition, it is possible that the rash will develop only on repeated occasions of contact with its cause.

What to expect

Each individual case depends on the cause of the dermatitis. If it is caused by a drug reaction, it will mostly not start to disappear until the medication is stopped, at least for a few days. Contact dermatitis may develop soon after contact with the substance or with a delay of 1-2 days. It can be mild or severe, and in some cases it can last several weeks. When you know what is causing the reaction and you can avoid it, the rash will usually go away within a few days of starting treatment. However, with prolonged or intermittent contact with the cause of the rash, the dermatitis will continue to flare up. You may have been in contact with the cause of the reaction for many years without any consequences before the reaction, and then you may suddenly have a severe reaction.

May be worsened by

Scratching or irritation of the rash, continued contact with the cause of the rash, continued use of drugs or medicines that may be causing the rash.

Diagnosis

To diagnose dermatitis, your doctor will take a thorough medical history and examine your skin. To check for possible allergies, your doctor may order a skin test to look for the allergen that is causing it. The doctor may also ask questions about your work and home environment to look for a possible irritant that is causing the rash.

Treatment

Treatment methods include:

– Development of strategies in order to avoid what can cause dermatitis

– applying a cream with hydrocortisone or other soothing lotion several times a day

,

– taking antihistamines for weakening pruritus

If symptoms are severe or persist despite treatment, a doctor may prescribe oral or intravenous steroids to control the inflammation.

Self-medication

Sometimes mild dermatitis can be self-treated with an over-the-counter cortisone cream and an over-the-counter antihistamine. It is also important to avoid contact with the cause of the rash. Be sure to discuss your condition with your doctor to make sure that the dermatitis is not causing a reaction to medications or some other serious problem. Do not stop taking medications on your own without talking to your doctor.

When to see a doctor

Seek medical attention if symptoms do not improve during home treatment. If itching is very intense, red lines form on the rash, you have a fever and you cannot see a doctor for 24 hours, or you have certain breathing problems associated with this condition, go to the emergency room.

Risk factors

Risk factors include a history of any type of allergy or prolonged exposure to an irritant or allergen. In addition, women are more prone to dermatitis than men. Young people are also more prone to dermatitis than older people.

Read more

The condition of the skin can be used to judge the general condition of the body and even the well-being of a person. Violation of the diet and, as a result, metabolism, stress, overwork are manifested by rashes in the form of abscesses, wen, eczema, and peeling. The skin is constantly exposed to external influences.

In today’s world, a person constantly has to deal with all sorts of physical irritants (the influence of the sun, X-ray and radioactive exposure) and chemical nature (acids, household chemicals, alkalis, medical disinfectants). All these irritants have a negative effect on the skin, manifested by allergic reactions in the form of dermatitis. Rashes can have a different character and appear at any age.

Dermatitis – what is it, etiology, what is dangerous

Inflammatory skin damage caused by exposure to chemical, biological or physical irritants is called dermatitis. A pathological process of this type belongs to the group of allergic dermatoses. This is a heterogeneous group of diseases of the dermis, the development of which is an allergic reaction of an immediate or delayed type, of various localization and nature: rash, peeling, redness, itching, swelling, and so on. The group of allergic dermatosis includes atopic, as well as allergic dermatitis, eczema, toxicoderma, urticaria.

Skin reactions to irritants can occur at any age. Diaper contact dermatitis is often diagnosed in newborns. Prevention of the development of the pathological process in this case is the observance of the rules of hygiene and skin care in the area where diapers are used. In infants, starting from the age of 3 months, atopic dermatitis may appear. In infants, the reaction of the skin to irritants is usually accompanied by severe itching, which causes discomfort to the child, he becomes restless, irritable.

Often, parents of children suffering from allergies with manifestations of a different nature, as well as people diagnosed with this problem, neglect the treatment of such a disease, since it is characterized by both acute and chronic course with periods of remission. And although dermatitis is not contagious, it is a rather serious pathological condition, against which the following complications can develop:

• Decreased immunity companion of allergic rhinitis, and in the future, and possibly asthmatic bronchitis.
• Gastrointestinal problems : unstable stools with mucus, bloating, regurgitation in infants.
• Skin lesions with untimely or incorrect treatment of the disease can spread throughout the body . In medical practice, there are cases when manifestations of dermatitis could be seen on the head – on the scalp, as well as on the face, around the mouth and nose, on the chin, in the ears, on the eyelids, near the eyes, on the neck, on the back, chest, abdomen , in the armpits, on the arms and legs, on the elbows, palms, between the fingers, on the pubis and genitals of women and men (directly on the penis).
• With the progression of the disease on the skin in the places of localization of rashes, foci with cracks, seals, the skin loses its integrity, as a result of which it is possible to attach an infection through the injured dermis.

Regardless of the intensity of the manifestation of dermatitis, it is necessary to control the course of the disease by a specialist, be it an adult or a child. After all, the reaction of the skin to irritants can only serve as the initial stage for the development of an allergic disease of a systemic type. As a result of the progressive course of the disease, the upper respiratory tract is first affected – allergic rhinitis, adenoiditis, laryngitis occurs, and then the lower ones. The development of the disease is fraught with the occurrence of allergic bronchitis, bronchial asthma. In 50% of children, bronchial asthma develops against the background of atopic dermatitis. Therefore, this problem cannot be neglected in any case. If you or your children have symptoms of dermatitis, contact the representatives of the Polyclinica.net web portal for help. We will help you find the best clinic where you can consult with a qualified dermatovenereologist regarding the features of the diagnosis of the disease and its effective treatment.

General symptoms of dermatitis, stages of development of the disease

Most dermatitis is characterized by the following symptoms:

• itching and redness of the skin;
• swelling, burning, feeling of heat in the affected area;
• increased skin temperature in areas of inflammation;
• desquamation, dryness of the dermis;
• rashes of various nature: blistering, weeping, etc.;
• ulcers and erosions.

As the disease develops, edema, papules, vesicles, and plaques may appear on the skin. Secondary elements are – cracks, scales that exfoliate (the integrity of the skin is violated), crusts.

There are 3 stages of dermatitis development:

• Acute (macro- or microvesicular) – manifests itself immediately after contact with an irritant (allergen).
• Subacute – characterized by the formation of crusts or scales in the lesions of the skin.
• Chronic – develops with systematic contact with an irritant.

Remember: your first task in the fight against disease is to eliminate the irritant.

Dermatitis – causes

The main causes of dermatitis:

• mechanical impact;
• hypovitaminosis or beriberi;
• contact with chemicals, including household products;
• medicinal preparations;
• intoxication causes toxic dermatitis;
• contact with viruses, bacteria, fungi and plants;
• exposure to high and low temperatures;
• malnutrition;
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, dysbacteriosis;
• diseases of the endocrine system;
• abuse of cosmetics;
• stress, overwork;
• some neurological and mental diseases, because psychosomatics has a strong influence not only on the work of individual organs and systems, but also on the general condition of the body.
• children’s dermatitis occurs due to malnutrition of the child or pregnant women, as well as exposure to mechanical irritants on the delicate skin of the baby (diaper dermatitis).

Despite the fact that one of the causes of dermatitis is exposure to a certain type of irritant, weakened immunity plays an important role in the progression of the disease. The body cannot properly resist external influences, which is why such an acute reaction occurs with manifestations on the skin.

What is dermatitis

There are 4 main types of dermatitis that are most common:

• Simple contact – manifested in case of direct skin contact with harmful substances or constant exposure to external irritants. This type of dermatitis includes: cold (occurs against the background of exposure to low temperatures on the dermis), thermal (burn), solar, drug (as a reaction to ointments and other external preparations), parasitic (scabies – caused by scabies mite and transmitted from person to person with prolonged direct contact). A disease of this type can become chronic if the effect on the dermis is regular.

• Allergic – usually does not appear immediately, but due to systematic and prolonged exposure to harmful substances on the skin. The upper layers of the dermis come into contact with the allergen, which is absorbed into the lymph nodes, the protective functions of the body are activated, which leads to irritation on sensitive skin.

• Atopic – the cause of dermatitis is the impact of several allergens on the human body at once, not only through the skin, but also through the respiratory tract, as well as when eating. The disease manifests itself at a very early age. Atopic is considered the most complex form of dermatitis.

• Seborrheic – often occurs in adolescence, since in this case, those areas of the body where the sebaceous glands are developed are mainly affected. Hormonal changes cause increased secretion of the sebaceous glands, and in such an environment the most favorable conditions are created for the development of a variety of infections. Often, lesions of the dermis appear on the scalp, in the inguinal region, there are cases of ear seborrheic dermatitis. The disease is characterized by a complex course, and its treatment is time-consuming and lengthy.

Classification of dermatitis according to the localization of foci of inflammation, the form and structure of rashes, as well as other features of the course of the disease:

• Perioral (rosacea-like, steroid) dermatitis – rashes usually appear in the nasolabial folds, while the area of ​​the red border of the lips remains free. In medical practice, there are cases when rashes spread to the forehead and periorbitally. The exact cause of the disease has not yet been established. Most often, dermatitis manifests itself under the influence of external stimuli – toothpaste, water. Another name for the problem is “traveling disease”. Dermatitis really often affects women who have visited other countries or changed their country of residence. There is an opinion that one of the causes of the disease is an intestinal infection, as well as uncontrolled intake of antibiotics or hormonal drugs.
• Nummular – The skin lesion looks like a coin-sized area of ​​red. The disease is characterized by a chronic course. Red plaques can occur on the limbs, trunk, arms, and face. Candida albicans or Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, dehydration of the skin, as well as chromate, cobalt, nickel, and fragrances are likely culprits, according to the researchers.
• Perianal (anal) – manifested by inflammation of the skin around the anus, accompanied by swelling and itching. May occur at any age. The main causes of dermatitis: allergic reactions, fungi, bacteria. The disease manifests itself as a result of wearing tight and narrow underwear that irritates the skin, non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene, prolonged intestinal upset, a sedentary lifestyle, and reasons of a different nature.
• Exfoliative (erythroderma) anatomically, dermatitis manifests itself on 90% of the entire skin surface with inflammation and keratinization of the dermis. The elderly and newborns are most susceptible to the disease. The most common causes of dermatitis are infection with Staphylococcus aureus, malignant neoplasms, and a toxic reaction to medications. Erythroderma can develop against the background of such diseases: hepatitis, diabetes, AIDS, etc.
• Duhring’s dermatitis herpetiformis – polymorphic itchy rashes form on the skin. It is a polyetiological disease and is characterized by a chronic relapsing course. The most common factors that provoke the onset of the disease are: decreased immunity, which leads to frequent viral diseases; excessive insolation; uncontrolled intake of iodine-containing drugs; excessive consumption of fish and seafood. Presentation of the rash: spots, papules, blisters and blisters of various sizes. After some time, the contents of the bubbles become cloudy. Blisters burst, forming erosion. They quickly epithelialize, leaving behind hyperpigmentation.
• Herpetic dermatitis – caused by the herpes simplex virus, which is carried by 95% of the world’s population. Often, the disease is infectious-seasonal in nature and manifests itself upon repeated contact with an infected person, as well as with a decrease in immunity, which is caused by hypothermia. A recurrence of the disease is also possible due to stress, after excessive UV exposure, a viral infection. Between exacerbations, the virus “hides” in the nerve endings. The disease is manifested by symptoms such as fever, general weakness, as well as local reactions – the skin in the affected areas turns red, then bubbles filled with fluid form, which burst and turn into ulcers. The process is quite painful and causes discomfort. During the period of remission, the virus is again localized in the endings of the nerves and is activated in the presence of favorable factors. Unfortunately, it is impossible to completely cure herpetic dermatitis, but a healthy lifestyle will increase the protective functions of the body and thus prevent the virus from becoming active.
• Atypical dermatitis is represented by skin changes and symptoms that cause difficulties in diagnosis, as they can be characteristic of diseases of completely different types. Additional studies and analyzes help to establish an accurate diagnosis.
• Eczematous dermatitis – is manifested by changes in the dermis of this nature: dark spots, swelling, peeling, formation of scales, crusts, weeping areas, itching, burning sensation. The disease affects 2% of the adult population of the planet. There are 7 most common types of eczema:
  • Contact.
  • Varicose or venous – the disease affects older people with varicose veins. The skin may develop itchy patches, blisters, or scaly patches, and eventually crack.
  • Seborrheic.
  • Atopic dermatitis.
  • Asteatous (craclure or xerotic) eczema – affects people over 60 years of age. With age, the skin becomes drier, which can cause cracks to form on it, causing itching and pain.
  • Discoid (nummular) eczema
  • Dyshidrotic – manifests itself at the age of 40 in the form of vesicles filled with liquid – vesicles. Often occurs against the background of fungal skin lesions.
• Retinoic dermatitis – occurs when a person with problematic skin begins to smear drugs containing retinoids in large quantities. Medicines of this type help the formation of healthy cells in the dermis, but on the surface of problematic skin there are already abnormally many cells, which are formed in even greater quantities. As a result, even those pores that have not yet clogged are clogged. Sebum accumulates, as it has nowhere to go and the bacteria in it begin to multiply even more, which leads to a sharp rash.
• Bullous dermatitis – characterized by the appearance of rashes on the skin in the form of blisters filled with fluid. After opening the bullae, erosion remains – a secondary element of the rash. Bullous dermatitis can occur against the background of such diseases: pemphigus or pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid, Hailey-Hailey disease, hereditary epidermolysis bullosa, Duhring’s dermatitis herpetiformis, toxic epidermal necrolysis.

Dermatitis is one of the most common diseases that affects both humans and animals, especially cattle (cattle – nodular or nodular dermatitis). The treatment of the disease should not be neglected in any case, so as not to provoke the occurrence of complications.

Atopic dermatitis – symptoms, causes of the disease

Atopic dermatitis is manifested due to exposure to several allergens at once and requires an integrated approach to treatment. The disease usually develops in children and adults with a hereditary predisposition. Atopic dermatitis is often combined with allergic diseases of other types: food allergies, allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, recurrent skin infections. The appearance of skin itching and inflammatory dermal lesions is promoted by contact with an allergen, including non-specific irritants.

Concerning military service with atopic dermatitis, the decision on the possibility of conscription is made after a medical examination, with the help of an additional examination and confirmation of the diagnosis. A conscript is considered fit to serve in the army if no recurrence of the disease has been observed over the past 5 years.

Main targets of therapy used to treat patients with atopic dermatitis:

• achievement of stable remission of the disease;
• prevention of severe conditions;
• restoration of the protective functions of the skin by moisturizing and softening it, which helps to prevent the formation of cracks that appear when the dermis remains dry for a long time;
• prevention of the development of respiratory manifestations;
• one of the main tasks is to stop the microbial (exudative eczema) process and prevent secondary infection;

How to treat atopic dermatitis in the acute phase:

• Antihistamines of the second generation are used against allergies. The course of medication is about 4-6 weeks.
• If sedation is to be achieved, first-generation antihistamines are prescribed at night.
• Remember: Do not use cream or ointment to treat exudative areas. In this case, fukortsin is prescribed, as well as a herbal decoction of string, chamomile, lotion from oak bark tincture, a 1:1000 solution of rivanol and other preparations.
• Non-hormonal external agents that enhance the action of topical glucocorticosteroids.
• External glucocorticosteroids.

Remember: the disease is much easier to prevent than to cure. Therefore, if you have already encountered such a problem as atopic dermatitis, try to strictly adhere to preventive measures that will achieve a stable remission and prevent the occurrence of complications.

Seborrheic dermatitis – features of the manifestation and course of the disease

A disease that often affects adolescents – seborrheic dermatitis – develops against the background of activation of the sebaceous glands.