Rose thorn injury | BMJ Case Reports

Description

A 71-year-old man, with a history of arterial hypertension, presented with a 4-month history of four painful progressively enlarging nodules on the dorsal aspect of the right hand. The patient reported that he had been pricked by a rose on the fourth finger approximately 3 weeks before the appearance of the first lesion on the site of the injury. On physical examination, we observed four erythematous nodules, 10–15 mm in diameter, in linear distribution extending from the hand proximally (figure 1). Two nodules presented superficial erosions with purulent secretion. No systemic symptoms were detected. Histopathology revealed epidermal hyperkeratosis and suppurative small granulomas with polymorphous dermal infiltrate and periodic acid-Schiff staining identified rare fungal spores (figure 2). Culture from the biopsy specimen was negative. Clinical presentation and histology were consistent with sporotrichosis, so the patient was given itraconazole 200 mg daily. After 3 months of treatment, only a mild improvement was observed; therefore, the dose was escalated to 200 mg twice daily during following 4 months with complete resolution of 3 lesions. The fourth lesion was excised completely. There was no recurrence of the disease after 2-year follow-up.

Figure 1

Four nodules on the dorsal aspect of the hand and forearm.

Figure 2

(A) Histology shows suppurative granulomas in dermis with overlying acanthotic epidermis and the areas of pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (H&E, ×100). (B) Small granulomas composed of histiocytes, neutrophils and giant multinucleated cells are observed (H&E, ×100). (C) Oval fungal spores and yeast-like forms may be seen (periodic acid-Schiff, ×400).

Sporothrix schenckii, a saprophytic fungus, causes chronic infection, most frequently limited to skin and superficial lymphatics. Sporotrichosis presents as reddish papules at the site of inoculation, usually 3 weeks after the penetrating injury, with progression through the lymphatics forming multiple cutaneous nodules. 1 Systemic sporotrichosis is rare and occurs from the haematogenous spread from the primary inoculation site or from the pulmonary sporotrichosis in immunocompromised patients.2

Learning points

• Sporotrichosis is a rare chronic granulomatous mycotic infection caused by a bimorphic fungus Sporothrix schenckii. The most common form of sporotrichosis is a lymphocutaneous infection, which is caused by traumatic inoculation from contaminated plants, soil or through zoonotic transmission.

• The diagnosis of sporotrichosis is based on clinical presentation, epidemiological context together with laboratory studies (direct examination, culture and tissue histopathology).1

• Itraconazole 200 mg daily for at least 3–6 months is the treatment of choice for the lymphocutaneous disease. Non-responders should be given itraconazole 200 mg twice daily, terbinafine 500 mg twice daily or saturated solution of potassium iodide if itraconazole is not available. Possible adverse side effects of the prolonged systemic antifungal treatment (headache, gastrointestinal, dermatological manifestation) or prolonged potassium iodide administration (endocrine, gastrointestinal and renal) require careful clinical and laboratory monitoring.1

Fungus From Rose Thorns – Information And Symptoms Of Rose Picker’s Disease

The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) reports that emergency rooms treat more than 400,000 garden related accidents each year. Taking proper care of our hands and arms while working in the garden is extremely important in preventing some of these accidents. The thorn on a rose stem provides an excellent device for transmitting infectious material into your skin, as is seen with rose picker’s disease, a fungus from rose thorns. Read on to learn more.

What is Rose Picker’s Disease?

I had never heard of rose picker’s disease or the Sporothrix schenckii fungus until about 8 years ago now. Had someone told me about this before, then I would have thought they were joking due to my being a Rosarian. However, the disease and the fungus became very real to me when my dear mother fell into a climbing rose bush in her backyard. She got several puncture wounds from that fall and a few nasty cuts. Some thorns had also broken off in her skin. We cleaned her up, removing the thorns and using hydrogen peroxide on the wounds. We thought we had done a thorough enough job, learning later we had not!

My mother started to develop these hard bumps under the skin that were itchy and painful, eventually breaking open to drain. I will spare you the rest of the nasty details. We took her to the doctor and then to a specialist that was also a surgeon. The entire ordeal went on for nearly two years with antibiotic drugs and surgeries to remove the nodules. Had we taken her to the doctor as soon as possible, be it against her will, perhaps we could have saved her the grueling experience.

The first doctors were perplexed by what they saw, and the specialist surgeon told me that he was going to write a medical paper on the entire situation. That is when it really hit me that what we were dealing with was extremely serious – these were symptoms of rose picker’s disease.

Preventing a Rose Thorn Infection

Sporotrichosis is a chronic infection characterized by nodular lesions of the subcutaneous tissue and the adjacent lymphatics that make pus, digest the tissue and then drain. Some of the diseases that may be caused by Sporothrix are:

• Lymphocutaneous infection – localized lymphocutaneou sporotrichosis
• Osteoarticular sporotrichosis – the bones and joints may become infected
• Keratitis – the eye(s) and adjacent areas may become infected
• Systemic infection – sometimes the central nervous system is invaded as well
• Pulmanary sporotrichoisis – caused by the inhalation of the conidia (fungal spores). Seen in about 25% of the cases.

Sporothrix typically lives as an organism that obtains nutrients from dead organic matter such as wood, decaying vegetation (such as rose thorns), sphagnum moss, and animal feces in the soil. Sporothrix is especially abundant in areas where sphagnum moss is abundant, such as in central Wisconsin.

So is rose thorn disease contagious? It is only rarely transmitted to humans; however, when the sphagnum moss is collected and used for floral arrangements and such where it is handled a lot, the right conditions are provided for the transmission to some degree.

Wearing those heavy, hot gloves while handling or pruning roses may feel like a huge inconvenience, but they do provide great protection. There are rose pruning gloves on the market these days that are not as heavy really with protective sleeves that extend up the arm for additional protection.

Should you be poked, scratched or pricked by rose thorns, and you will be if you grow roses for any length of time, take care of the wound properly and right away. If the wound draws blood, it is definitely deep enough to cause problems. But even if it doesn’t, you could still be at risk. Do not make the mistake of thinking that treatment of the wound can wait while you finish your pruning or other garden chores. I understand that it is an inconvenience to drop everything, go treat a “boo-boo,” and then go back to work. However, it truly is very important – If nothing else, do it for this old rose man.

Perhaps, it would be worth your while to create a little medical station of your own for the garden. Take a small plastic paint bucket and add some hydrogen peroxide, individually wrapped gauze pads, wound cleaning wipes, tweezers, Bactine, Band-Aids, eye-wash drops and whatever else you think appropriate in the bucket. Take your own little garden medical station with you each time you go out to work in the garden. That way treating a wound does not require travel to the house to take care of it. Keep an eye on the wound, even if you think you took care of things properly at the time. If it becomes reddish, swollen or more painful get yourself in to see your doctor immediately!

Enjoy gardening in a safe and thoughtful manner, after all our garden friends need our shadow there!

Swelling of the 2nd digit of the right hand following a rose thorn…

Context 1

… 69 year old lady was pricked by a rose thorn which became deeply embedded in the pulp of her right index finger. Within 24 h she had developed a painful dactylitis with erythema and swelling of the digit (Fig. 1). Despite being treated with flucloxacillin and penicillin followed by a course of ciprofloxacin there was no improvement. A plain radiograph was normal. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed long flexor tendon tenosynovitis with no apparent foreign body. Ultrasound, however, was able to detect a foreign body and the patient underwent surgical exploration. At surgery a small piece of rose thorn was found in association with intense tenosynovitis. Decompression and tenolysis was performed. Two weeks later the patient had made a full recovery. Foreign bodies such as rose thorns can lead to chronic tenosynovitis, bursitis and aseptic monoarticular synovitis in relation to the site of puncture [1] . The thorn fragments cannot be phagocytosed during the initial inflammatory response resulting in their encapsulation and a granulomatous response [2] . Rose thorns are radiolucent and therefore not seen on x-ray. Radiographs may show soft tissue swelling, joint effusions [3] or rarely osteolytic lesions known as pseudotumours which are formed by encapsulation of the thorn within the bone [4] . MRI has been used to demonstrate non-radio-opaque thorns but there have been no surgically proven cases of plant thorn synovitis where the thorn fragment has been clearly seen on MRI [5] . Because MRI failed to locate the rose thorn in our patient, it was detected on ultrasound. Although operator dependent, ultrasound is less expensive and more widely available than MRI. Ultrasound can also be used to localise the position of the thorn and place a marker on the skin prior to surgical removal. A case of thorn synovitis in which computed tomography (CT) scanning was used to detect the thorn has been reported [6] . CT is less sensitive than ultrasound and involves exposure to radiation [5] . In plant thorn synovitis, ultrasound is therefore the diagnostic tool of …

Killer Roses – Rotary Botanical Gardens

Posted by Janice Peterson

Gardening is considered a healthy occupation, full of fresh air, exercise and Zen-like moments of contemplation. But there’s a dangerous side to gardening: accidents, injuries, allergies, insect stings, sunburn, dehydration and infections. With good judgement, most of these hazards are preventable. The following are a few infections gardeners should try to avoid:

Rose Gardener’s Disease – Also known as sporotrichosis. This fungal disease is caused by Sporothrix schenckii, which occurs naturally in soil, hay, sphagnum moss and on plants. It’s point of entry is small cuts or punctures to the skin (as can happen when handling thorny roses). Once established, it causes lesions on the fingers, hands and arms. Prevention includes wearing long sleeves and heavy gloves, especially when working with roses.

Other infections caused by rose thorns – The story of Constable Albert Alexander’s unfortunate demise in 1941 is an excellent example of death by rose thorn. Alexander, a constable and apparent gardener from Oxford, England, accidentally scratched his face with a rose thorn. A bacterial infection resulted, probably from both Staphyloccus and Streptoccus, and soon became life-threatening (he quickly lost an eye to the infection). He became the first human to receive treatment with a new drug called penicillin. Within 24 hours his condition markedly improved, however, there was not enough penicillin to continue his treatment and he eventually succumbed.

Tetanus – Also known as lockjaw. At my yearly physical my doctor and I chatted about gardening. She then reminded me about the importance for gardeners to be up-to-date on their tetanus boosters. Tetanus is caused by a soil-borne bacterium, Clostridium tetani. This anaerobic bacterium thrives in a low-oxygen environment, so if a gardener gets a puncture wound while working around soil the bacterium may have the perfect opportunity to establish. This is not a pleasant disease to get but luckily the tetanus immunization works very well.

Overall gardening is a very healthy avocation, and the pluses outweigh the risks. Gardeners should be aware of hazards and always take appropriate precautions. If any health questions arise it’s most important to seek medical advice. Gear up and be careful out there!

Watch Out For That Rose Thorn

Ouch! The uncomfortable pain from getting stabbed by a rose thorn is something most avid gardeners have experienced from time to time. The initial pain however is nothing compared to contracting Sporothrix Schenckii otherwise known as Rose Gardener’s Disease.

One prick in the finger can quickly turn into extreme swelling and a trip to the hospital. This dangerous fungal infection can spread quickly and will require antifungal medication to stop it and the swelling and stiffness can be ongoing for quite some time.

Prevention is by far the best medicine!

This information is from the Gardeners Face Book Page …

Sporothrix Schenckii is a fungus that resides on hay, sphagnum mosses and the tips of rose thorns ,and can cause redness, swelling and open ulcers at the puncture site.

The fungus can spread to the lymphatic system and move on to the joints and bones, where it ends up attacking the central nervous system and lungs when the thorn or thorns are deeply embedded.

Diagnosis can be complicated because the condition is relatively uncommon. When an ulcer does present, it is often mistaken by a physician as a staph or strep infection and gets treated accordingly. It is only when the antibiotics prescribed fail to eradicate the ulcer that physicians look outside the box.

Many people enjoy the fragrance and beauty of roses in their gardens, and they should continue to do so. It is likely that they’ve had their skin pierced by thorns on numerous occasions. The best way to prevent rose-thorn disease is to wear appropriate gloves when pruning and to wash any minor punctures with an antibacterial soap.

Should a thorn embed the skin beyond that of a minor puncture, it is critical to watch carefully for any signs of infection and report them at once to a physician for testing. The best way to determine whether the infection is present is through a culture of the wound. This is often done by taking a biopsy of the area, which is then examined.

The simplest things in life carry risk. If flowers provide you pleasure, take precautions that will allow you to stop and smell those roses.

This article from the Herald is also very interesting These thorns can kill

Favorite

Garden offers cures to what rose garden might occasion

What put this article on my radar to write about, was that in recent weeks I had a letter from a reader of this column concerning a persistent wound from a pruning injury — and I met a person on a foraging expedition who had contracted a bronchial complication from a plume of wild mushroom spores. And as this is both the main foraging season, and the choice time for planting barefoot roses and pruning some established ones — I thought it pertinent.

Okay, we gardeners know that every rose has its thorns but beyond a bloody thumb or pricked finger we should be alert to other potential injuries. In particular Rose gardener’s disease aka Sporotrichosis — which is occasioned by a scrape or deeper wound infected with the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix schenckii.

Cat scratches can carry it too.

In fact, those fungal spores are not exclusive to roses and cats. They are found in hay, sphagnum moss, pine needles and wood chippings — all regular ingredients to many gardeners potting mix and all in play in this season of lifting, transplanting and refreshing of containers and hanging baskets. Sporothrix is particularly found on rose thorns which cause the wound to be infected at the same time as the prick occurs.

What happens next is as much to do with your personal immune response and any underlying condition (diabetes etc) but for most people, the disease manifests as a simple wound complication and does not progress beyond the skin — taking the wound longer to heal and some extra irritation to develop. But for some, it can becomes a more complex local lympho-cutaneous infection that develops a week or more (up to 12 days) after inoculation/thorn prick — at the wound site.

In the case of that happening, papules or nodules (pimple to boil sized) will form and may ulcerate — this is the cutaneous part — but later more nodules may arise developing and following along the proximal lymphatic route from the injury point, this is the lympho part and your system is compromised.

Complications such as Disseminated sporotrichosis can occur — this is where the infection spreads to joints and bones or into the central nervous system and the brain. So you get the seriousness of wearing gardening gloves and taking care.

If that’s not scary enough — I should note that Sporothrix schenckii may be inhaled as with any spore amongst your garden plants and soil — if so a pulmonary infection can occur. Don’t panic — this is a very rare occurrence. But you can do things to lessen the intensity of any occasion of it.

So

if you are concerned after a thorn scratch or splinter from the mulch then

clean the wound site with a strong antiseptic and take some supplements/foods to boost the immune system (more on that anon). That should stop it in its tracks.

If infection develops later on and becomes ulcerated boils or progresses to lymphatic stage then prescription antifungal medication will be required — often for several months. Medical advances in treating this and other infections in recent years, mean more gardeners are saved each year. Now don’t abandon the roses or fear the garden — I am gardening all my life and only stepped on a rake once — so lightening will not always strike.

The great thing about being a gardener is that the garden offers cures to what the garden might occasion. So

Echinacea tea or Echinacea cordial will support your immune system and elderberry jam or cordial will also help you better fight any infection. If you find yourself with the full-on beginnings of Rose-gardeners disease then you will require a lymphatic herb to clear and de-inflame the lymph nodes.

Red clover flower and cleaver stems are excellent as lymphatic tonics — I advise you blend with strawberries for a lymphatic tonic smoothie. The tea of each can be less effective as heat can damage some of the phytochemicals we need for lymphatic purposes. You can make both up as a tincture — which can be added to morning orange juice and also topically applied to infection nodes.

So here are some recipes from my old book, The Holistic Gardener: First aid from the garden (Mercier Press). Fingers crossed you will never need it — fingers safely inside gardening gloves and the likelihood is greatly reduced.

Echinacea tea or Echinacea cordial will support your immune system and elderberry jam or cordial will also help you better fight any infection. If you find yourself with the full-on beginnings of Rose-gardeners disease then you will require a doctor.

Rose gardeners’ draughts:

Echinacea raises white blood cell count and so increases immunity, all other ingredients are antiviral/antibacterial and/or immune-enhancing.

Quick route immunity booster:

Make a really strong pot of Echinacea tea, leave 4-5 bags in for 30mins minimum but stir in while hot, 4 heap tsps of honey, juice of one lemon. Allow to cool, decant to a tall glass and add a fizzy Vitamin C capsule to have a refreshing and immunity revitalizing cordial beverage — alternately have as iced tea — take daily for one month.

Slower root ‘infection busting’ cordial concentrate:

Ingredients

• 4 cups strong chamomile tea — several teabags and let sit for ½ hour.
• ½ cup grated ginger root
• 1/3 cup diced and dried Echinacea root
• 1/3 cup of elderberries or 1 cup of blackberries
• ½ cup honey
• Juice of 1 Lemon, plus its grated zest
• Juice of one orange, plus its grated zest
• 1 fizzy zinc vitamin capsule.

Method

Mash the roots up in a mortar and pestle and add to a saucepan with berries and 3 cups chamomile tea, slowly bring to a boil.

Add juices and allow to simmer for 20 minutes, add extra tea if needed to keep good coverage.

Allow to rest for 20 minutes. Add honey and fizzy zinc capsule.

Bring to a boil again; keep stirring and simmer for 10 minutes to reduce.

You may strain syrup or blend all before straining to yield thicker more potent syrup/concentrate.

Will keep refrigerated for 5 days.

Use as a cordial concentrate — add to chilled water (sparkling or non-sparkling) for a daily boost.

Sporothrix schenckii, cause of Rose-picker’s Disease. Tom Volk’s Fungus of the Month for February 2003

This month’s fungus is

Sporothrix schenckii, cause
of Rose-picker’s Disease

For the rest of my pages on fungi, please click
TomVolkFungi.net

In this month of Valentine’s Day and love and flowers
and all that, what could be a better choice than a fungus that grows on
roses? More specifically Sporothrix schenckii grows on the thorns
of roses and can be inoculated into the body by an innocent prick of the
thorn. The fungus can then morph to a yeast and grow in the lymph system,
manifesting itself as lesions in the lymph nodes, as shown below and to
the right. You can actually trace the location of this person’s lymph nodes
in his arm. The fungus in this case was acquired with the puncture of a
rose thorn.

We generally characterize mycoses by which part of the body they colonize. Most patients are not even aware of their superficial mycoses, which only grow on dead skin, hair and nails, because they never secrete their metabolites into the body. The cutaneous mycoses infect skin, hair, and nails and secrete their metabolites into the skin, so that the person is definitely aware of the infection. An example of this is Epidermophyton floccosum, one of the causes of athlete’s foot. In subcutaneous mycoses, the fungus must be traumatically implanted into the body. The deep (aka systemic) mycoses are inhaled into the lungs and subsequently are transported to other internal organs, usually through the bloodstream.

Most commonly, sporotrichosis is a chronic infection characterized by nodular
lesions of subcutaneous tissue and adjacent lymphatics that
suppurate (make pus), ulcerate (digest the tissue) and drain. There are
several kinds of diseases that may be caused by Sporothrix

• lymphocutaneous infection: localized lymphocutaneous
  sporotrichosis
• Osteoarticular sporotrichosis — bone and joints may be infected
• Keratitis– the eye and adjacent areas may be infected
• Systemic infection– Occasionally central nervous system
  is invaded
• Pulmonary sporotrichosis, about 25% of cases. Caused by inhalation
  of conidia

In
nature Sporothrix lives as a saprophyte on wood, decaying vegetation
(including rose thorns), Sphagnum moss, animal excreta and soil.
Sporothrix can also cause lung infections, and is particularly abundant
in central Wisconsin and other areas where Sphagnum moss is abundant.
Sporothrix can naturally grow on Sphagnum moss, but it is
only rarely transmitted to humans in the field. However, when this moss
is collected and used for floral arrangements, this provides the right
conditions for Sporothrix to thrive. Workers who are exposed to
large quantities of the Sphagnum are likely to inhale large quantities
of Sporothrix spores. To the left is a little sphagnum bear sent
to me by some of the moss collectors in central Wisconsin.

Although
Sporotrichosis is the only common subcutaneous mycosis the temperate
zone, the tropics and subtropics host a variety of other subcutaneous mycoses, such as Chromoblastomycosis, Mycetoma, Pseudallescheriasis, and Phaeohyphomycosis. None of the fungi that cause these diseases can infect the subcutaneous regions on their
own– they need some sort of trauma to the body, such as a wound or puncture, that inoculates the spores of the fungus into the lower regions of the skin.

Diagnosis of sporotrichosis must be confirmed (i.e. distinguished from the other subcutaneous mycoses) by looking at sections of infected tissue. Budding yeasts can often be seen in histopathological sections of the lesions. However, depending on the conditions and the strain of fungus, sometimes these sections contain cigar bodies or asteroid bodies instead of (or in addition to) the yeasts. There seems to be quite a bit of variability even within a single patient. The other subcutaneous mycoses have their own distinctive histopathologies.

Diagnosis of the disease can sometimes be aided by the sporotrichin skin test. Patients with all forms of the disease develop circulating antibodies. Although it is not clear whether these are of any protective value, they do allow for serological confirmation of the disease. There is a skin test available, similar to the skin prick tuberculosis (TB) test. However, although such tests are usually positive in cases of pulmonary infection, they are mostly negative in cases of skin infection. People living in high endemic areas develop a hypersensitivity response
to a skin test. Upon subsequent exposures to the fungus, this hypersensitivity
appears to either prevent the disease or at least modify it to a less severe
form. The skin test may also be useful in determining prevalence of the
organism in an area; in regions where no cases have been reported, almost
all people test negative.

The disease responds well to treatment with a saturated
solution of oral potassium iodide. Although it works against cutaneous infection
the mode of action unknown. Direct application of heat may kill the fungus
in early infection, especially in more distal lesions. Ketoconazole may
have some effect in cutaneous infection. Itraconazole shows some promise
at low doses for several months. Intravenous Amphotericin B, usually the
drug of last resort for fungal infections, works poorly and slowly

Sporothrix
schenckii is one of five species of thermal dimorphic fungi of medical
interest. (Can you name the others by looking at my Fungus
of the Month web pages?) Dimorphic fungi produce hyphae in vitro
(literally “in glass“) at temperatures below 37ºC, but produce
a yeast form in vivo (literally “in living things“) and in
vitro at 37ºC and above. Many studies have been made of the morphological
and physiological changes and changes in cellular composition that accompany
the dimorphism. Newly isolated cultures produce moist yeast like colonies
with a flat or finely wrinkled surfaces. White to creamy, but becomes dark
brown or black. Pigmentation is extremely variable. Two kinds of conidia:
hyaline and thin-walled or dark brown and thick-walled (triangular). Sometimes
in culture for a long time the fungus loses its pigmentation. The colony
shown to the right is in the process of morphing from the hyphal to the
yeast form. Note the fuzzy mycelium and the slimy yeast.

Yeast formation at 37ºC is an extension of the blastoconidiation
process. Acropetalous budding (i.e. from the top) of conidia borne on mycelia
was thought to be the source of the yeast, but it was shown that yeast
cells bud directly from the sides of the mycelium.

Sporothrix schenckii may be closely related to Ophiostoma
minus, a perithecial member of the Ascomycota related to the organisms
causing Dutch elm disease, Ophiostoma ulmi and O. novo-ulmi.
(see Berbee, M.L. and J.W. Taylor. 1992. 18s ribosomal RNA gene sequence
characters place the human pathogen Sporothrix schenckii in the
genus Ophiostoma. Experimental Mycology 16: 87-91). Like Ophiostoma,
in nature Sporothrix lives as a saprophyte on wood, decaying vegetation,
animal excreta and soil. However, no one has been able to observe the conversion
to the Ophiostoma teleomorph directly, so Sporothrix schenckii
must remain classified in the deuteromycetes. In terms of its pathogenicity,
I guess it doesn’t really matter what we call it. As Shakespeare might
have written (to be said aloud, using your best British accent),

I hope you learned something about Sporothrix today.
All of the pictures on this page are from my good friend Dr. John Rippon, who has given
me almost all of his medical mycology slides. Thanks John!

I hope you have a Happy Valentine’s Day. But watch out
for those roses… and the motive of the person who gave them to you! 

If you have recommendations for future FOTM’s please write
to me at [email protected].
Or maybe you’d like to be co-author of a FOTM?

If you have anything to add, or if you have corrections or
comments, please write to me at [email protected]

This page and other pages are © Copyright 2003 by Thomas J.
Volk, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse.

Return to Tom Volk’s Fungi Home Page –TomVolkFungi.net

Return to Tom Volk’s Fungus of the month pages listing

A prick of a finger with a rose thorn – Question to an infectious disease specialist

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Rose thorn prick – Question to the infectious disease specialist

If you did not find the necessary information among the answers to this question, or if your problem is slightly different from the one presented, try asking an additional question to the doctor on the same page if it is related to the main question. You can also ask a new question, and after a while our doctors will answer it. It’s free.You can also search for the information you need in similar questions on this page or through the site search page. We will be very grateful if you recommend us to your friends on social networks.

Medportal 03online.com carries out medical consultations in the mode of correspondence with doctors on the website. Here you get answers from real practitioners in their field. At the moment, on the site you can get advice in 71 directions: a COVID-19 specialist, an allergist, an anesthesiologist-resuscitation specialist, a venereologist, a gastroenterologist, a hematologist, a geneticist, a hepatologist, a geriatrician, a gynecologist, a gynecologist-endocrinologist, a homeopathologist, a pediatrician, a pediatrician , pediatric dermatologist, pediatric infectious disease specialist, pediatric cardiologist, pediatric ENT, pediatric neurologist, pediatric nephrologist, pediatric ophthalmologist, child psychologist, pediatric pulmonologist, pediatric rheumatologist, pediatric urologist, pediatric surgeon, pediatric endocrinologist, defectologist, nutritionist, nutritionist clinical psychologist, cosmetologist, speech therapist, ENT, mammologist, medical lawyer, narcologist, neuropathologist, neurosurgeon, neonatologist, nephrologist, nutritionist, oncologist, urologist, orthopedist-traumatologist, ophthalmologist, parasitologist, pulmonary specialist, pediatrician , rheumatologist, radiologist, reproductologist, sexologist-andrologist, dentist, trichologist, urologist, pharmacist, physiotherapist, phytotherapist, phlebologist, phthisiatrician, surgeon, endocrinologist.

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Thorns and roses

Olga Panina

Society

August 10, 2015

Today the inspectors of the Rosselkhoznadzor department in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region will have more work. The department announced that from August 10, all flowers imported from the Netherlands will be allowed into Russia only after a laboratory examination.

PHOTOS Andrew-Mayovskyy / shutterstock.com

Prior to that, as the territorial administration of the Rosselkhoznadzor explained to SPb Vedomosti, imported flowers underwent a visual inspection. And, if any of them turned out to be “suspicious” in the sense of the presence of diseases or pests, a party was formed from them, which was sent for analysis to a special quarantine laboratory. From now on, all Dutch or re-exported flowers from the Netherlands will be subjected to this analysis. How exactly this procedure will be regulated is not yet clear to the phytosanitary supervision specialists themselves – instructions from the head department in Moscow have not yet been received.

For those who daily read the press releases of the Rosselkhoznadzor administration in our border region, through which a quarter of all plant products imported to Russia pass, the detection and destruction of contaminated flowers is no longer news. The grounds for sanctions against Dutch flowers can be confirmed by dry statistics.According to the territorial administration of the Rosselkhoznadzor, in the first half of 2015, about 206 million pieces of cut flowers originating from 42 countries of the world were monitored: Ecuador, Colombia, Zambia, Kenya, Italy, Israel, Australia, Belgium, Guadeloupe, Germany, Zimbabwe, Denmark, Spain and etc. Including – 89 million pieces originating from the Netherlands, this is 43% of the total number of received flowers. During the same time, more than 22 thousand flowers were destroyed. The main quarantine organisms found in them are western flower (California) thrips and chrysanthemum white rust.49 out of 61 cases of infested flowers are found in the Netherlands.

How will these sanctions affect the residents of St. Petersburg, who have long been accustomed to a wide selection of beautiful and fragrant products? We tried to find out this from the heads of the two largest flower companies in the city. It turned out that this business is closed no worse than the defense industry. One of the general directors, flying away to rest in Sochi, said that he had no time to communicate. But, judging by the fact that he was going to rest for three weeks, everything is in order with his business.The second head of a network of flower shops conveyed through the secretary: “We do not present this information.” And we thought that they were presented with bouquets, information is usually shared or reported. Well, okay: it will not remain a secret for a long time, whether the flowerpots in their salons and stalls will become scarce from the sanctions – and we ourselves will soon see.

The conversation with the general director of the New Holland company, the main producer of roses in the Leningrad region, Dmitry Litovskiy, turned out to be more positive. Out of 29 thousandroses grown in the 47th region, the share of this enterprise, located in Syastroi, accounts for about 27 thousand pieces. This, according to the head of the company, is 6% of all Russian roses. To the news of the possible imposition of sanctions against Dutch flowers, Lithuanian reacted, in his words, “indifferent”. In four robotic greenhouses (3 hectares each) “New Holland” now grows 17 varieties of roses – Dutch and their own selection. One of the varieties – the white rose “Valentina Leningradskaya” – was presented the other day in the Leningrad Region at the Federation Council this year.There are no plans to expand the area and production here, although they expect a slight increase in demand for roses due to a reduction in the supply of Dutch chrysanthemums.

– We see our development in high technologies and selection, – explained Litovskiy.

So, dear ladies, we won’t be left without roses. And if anything, the flower girl grandmothers at the metro are always ready for import substitution. And our men are unlikely to have to run through the fields, picking chamomile and cornflowers for bouquets.

You can discuss and comment on this and other articles in our VKontakte group

Material published in the newspaper “St. Petersburg Vedomosti” № 145 (5518) from 10.08.2015.

90,000 which to choose? / Overview / Glove Factory

Beautiful gardens with variegated flowers, a rich harvest in autumn – all this is the result of the painstaking work of the gardener. His hands are exposed to many influences every day. To protect the delicate skin of the hands, experienced gardeners use gloves. However, there is a great variety of personal protective equipment. Let’s figure out what are the gardening gloves and what each of the options is suitable for?

Main types of gloves and their properties

Coated cotton gloves

Improves adhesion to the material, protects against dirt, minor scratches and punctures.

Protects from water and non-aggressive chemicals, prevents cuts and minor abrasions.

• Cotton gloves with compressed latex

Provides good adhesion to smooth and even oily surfaces, protects against punctures and abrasions, water and non-aggressive chemicals.

They do not allow strong chemicals to damage the skin of the hands, do not lose their protective properties even with temperature extremes and prolonged exposure to aggressive substances.

Thanks to the cotton base, all of these garden gloves are comfortable, pleasant to the touch, do not bind hands and do not cause a feeling of “fatigue”.

Split leather gloves

Split leather gloves protect hands from punctures, wounds and abrasions, strong abrasive loads and high temperatures. Such gloves are extremely wear-resistant, will last a long time even with frequent work with glass, brick or thorny plants.

Gardening gloves – choosing the right one

Experienced gardeners always have in their arsenal several pairs of gloves from different materials to be ready for any job.

We weeding the beds, digging up a vegetable garden, harvesting, planting plants

To sort through vegetables and fruits, weed the beds, you need to maintain the sensitivity of your hands, so choose gloves that are thin, soft, but able to protect your hands from dirt and small cuts. For this, cotton garden gloves with PVC or latex on the palms are suitable for a more secure grip of objects.

We work with fertilizers, we treat plants from pests and diseases

Use latex or nitrile coated gloves to keep chemicals away from your hands.They retain their softness thanks to the cotton base, but protect the skin from water, dirt, toxic substances, prevent the appearance of corns and scratches.

Cutting roses, removing thorny bushes, chopping down trees

Split leather gloves are a great protection against the sharp thorns of roses, thorns or rose hips. Split is obtained by peeling the natural leather of cattle and removing the outer layer. The result is a very dense, wear-resistant material that protects well against cuts, punctures, but reduces fine motor skills of the hands and their sensitivity.That is why split leather gloves are great for cleaning thorny bushes, felling trees, but they are not at all suitable for weeding. Mittens will also help in these works.

We work with glass and other materials with a slippery surface

Gloves are suitable for working with glass, boards and sheet materials, which provide a good grip on a smooth surface and protect against cuts. Either cotton gloves with PVC or nitrile, or split leather gloves, if the sensitivity of the fingers is not so important, can cope with this task.

Removing the territory

Gardening campaigns are hard to imagine without cleaning the area from leaves, stones, construction waste. When working with sharp stones or broken glass, we recommend using split gloves, and the leaves can be removed with ordinary cotton gloves.

We work comfortably in autumn and winter

Often you have to do work in the garden and vegetable garden during the cold season: harvest in the fall or clean the snow in the winter.For such work, insulated gloves and mittens are suitable. They can come with a wool blend liner or batting. This type of PPE keeps warm well, protecting your hands from frost, wind and moisture.

Gloves: Beauty is a Terrible Power!

Many women try to look beautiful even in the garden. Lovely ladies can choose gloves for the garden with PVC or nitrile of different colors – so that the gloves match the color of the garden suit or just please the eye with their colors.

How to use gloves effectively in the garden?

Advice 1. Use gloves only as directed

If you try to work with roses in ordinary cotton gloves, the sharp thorns of the plant will soon render the gloves unusable. And weeding the beds will not bring the expected results if you wear split leather gloves – they have very poor finger sensitivity.

Tip 2. Choose quality products

Carelessly made gloves wear out quickly, tear.When buying PPE, make sure that there are no holes, punctures, puffs, or other defects on them. And of course, choose only trusted manufacturers, such as “Glove Factory”!

“Glove Factory” – quality gloves for the garden!

Do you want to buy garden gloves in a large batch and at an attractive price? Contact the “Glove Factory”. We make cotton gloves with PVC and mittens in our own production workshop in Chelyabinsk.And gloves with nitrile and latex, leggings are brought from famous Chinese factories. We guarantee the quality of hand protection.

Order the delivery of gloves in bulk: we deliver orders across Chelyabinsk, the cities of Chelyabinsk, Sverdlovsk and Kurgan regions, delivery to any point in Russia is possible.

Choose “Glove Factory” and garden in comfort! We are happy to make your life better!

Thorny plants | Water is the source of beauty and youth

Thorny plants photo and names

This page contains the most complete description of thorny plants photos and names – all representatives of thorny crops.Thorny plants are ubiquitous.

Many trees are thorny: Hawthorn, Acacia (Gleditsia triacanthos L.), conifers and dryland plants. Root thorns are found even in some epiphytic plants and palms.

Photo of Crataegus – other names: Boyarka, Hawthorn – a family of Rosaceae, deciduous and evergreen trees (shrubs) with numerous thorns.

Ferocactus Home care, quite obviously, shows its thorny sides. Thorns Roses – everyone knows the French saying “there is no rose without thorns”. There is nothing surprising here. Classic beauties such as rose bushes and Bougainvillea are just two examples of thorny bushes.

‘Thorny’ Gooseberry . I do not post a photo of a gooseberry and a rose, as you know them very well. Photo Bougainvillea – variants of the name Bougainville, Bougainville, Bougainville is a flowering plant with thorny woody vines.

Opuntia (Opuntia compressa)

Devil’s cane, or Aralia Spinoza (Aralia Spinosa)

Giant rhubarb Gunnera manicata – which has “abrasive foliage”

Trape shoe – The fruit has spikes that can puncture the tires of a bicycle.

Oplopanax horridus – The genus name comes from the Greek Hoplon, weapon, and Panax. It means “ ginseng armed with “, the name alludes to the plant’s formidable thorns and its membership in the ginseng family, Araliaceae.

Ziziphus prickly – holly Chinese Jujube – Zizyphus sativa is a medium-sized tree with very thorny branches.

Mexican prickly poppy

Firethorn – ‘Orange Glow’ Pyracantha is an evergreen Pyracantha plant of the Rosaceae family with thorny stems.

Oleaster – Narrow-leaved oak, Wild olive , or other names: jida, juda, jigida – Small deciduous tree of the olive family – a windbreak of a live thorny hedge.

Thorn, Blackthorn, or Prickly plum – Prúnus spinósa – the plant has dense hedging with thick, long thorns.

Sanddorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) – Sea buckthorn , a close relative of the narrow-leaved oak tree.

Succulent Plants – Cacti and Succulents

Choosing gloves for working on the ground

Garden gloves are an important piece of protective equipment for people working in the garden or in the garden. Gardeners wear gloves for a variety of reasons, such as:

• Keep hands and nails clean and dry;
• to avoid blisters and calluses;
• to prevent cuts, scrapes, or protect existing wounds from infection;
• protect from insect bites;
• protect the skin from harmful chemicals such as herbicides, pesticides and fungicides;
• Protection against fungal infections caused by certain plants or garden materials.

While most people know that keeping wounds clean and protected can reduce the risk of infection, many people are unaware that they can get fungal infections from certain plants and soils.

Sporotrichosis, or rose picker disease, is a fungal disease that causes unpleasant lesions and skin ulcers in humans. This disease often enters the body from infected rose thorns or sphagnum peat. Wearing gloves in the garden can prevent this infection.

When choosing gardening gloves, fit is of course important. If possible, try on the item to make sure they fit snugly against your hands so they won’t slip, but also not too tight to limit your ability to complete the gardening tasks you need to complete.

You should also choose the right gloves for the type of tasks to be tackled in your garden bed or garden.

Here are some types of gardening gloves and their attributes

1.Cloth gloves are the most common, and most importantly, inexpensive items. They are usually made from jersey or cotton and are machine washable. Their main purpose is to keep your hands clean, they provide very little protection for your hands, but they are cooler and more breathable.

2. Leather gloves – they are more expensive, but usually they are waterproof and better protect your hands from thorns, cuts, and scratches. Pink gloves are usually made from leather.

3. Rubber coated gloves are the best gloves for protecting hands when using chemicals such as herbicides, pesticides, fungicides and other fertilizers, presented here https: // vseceni.ua / ct / 8906 /. However, your hands can be very hot and sweaty in them, and if you are allergic to latex, you should avoid them.

4. Neoprene or Nitrile Gloves – These items are made of synthetic rubber so they can protect your hands from chemicals, cuts and scrapes.

They are also made breathable and flexible. However, nasty thorns can still pierce them.
There are two things to consider when buying garden mittens. Firstly, are they suitable for the task, and secondly, are they specifically for you?

According to use

1.Light Gardening Tasks – Cotton mittens are best for tasks such as mowing the lawn as well as using the trimmer.

2. Heavy Gardening Tasks – Choose leather gloves for moving rocks or using tools that can easily pierce other types of gloves.

Wet Gardening Tasks – If the soil is wet, you move a pile of wet leaves or mix and use a pesticide or fungicide, the gloves that provide the best protection are rubber.

General Gardening Tasks – For small jobs such as weeding and planting, traditional gardening gloves are best.

If you follow our recommendations, you can easily find and select the right hand guard to make gardening easier and safer.

90,000 100+ ideas and options in the photo

Why do women love roses? For their long flowering and rich color palette. In addition, these plants delight with beautiful flowers even in winter.So why not use this royal flower as an image on the female body? The flower tattoo emphasizes femininity, and the painted roses symbolize tenderness and passionate love.

Rose tattoos: history of origin

It will be quite interesting to know that the history of rose tattoo originates in the Middle Ages. Such a pattern was applied to the body of prisoners doomed to death. Also in the Middle Ages, the meaning of the “rose” tattoo was interpreted as deliverance from earthly suffering and the rebirth of the spirit after death.Times have changed. The doom and tragedy of a rose tattoo was replaced by innocence, chastity, romance and addiction.

The meaning of the rose tattoo and its color value

The rose tattoo is quite common among the female population, although this floral sketch can also be seen on men on the body. An exquisite rose tattoo means true love and does not depend on size, color palette and location. Europeans associate the rose with purity, and believers see the connecting threads between the tattoo and the blood of the crucified Jesus Christ.The Chinese interpret the meaning of the rose on the body as a symbol of anarchy and pride. And in Egypt, a rose is applied to a part of the body as a symbol of motherhood. In Russia, the meaning of a rose on the body is broader. In the general flower arrangement, each element carries a semantic load:

• stem – endurance;
• leaves – fun;
• bud – glory and fame;
• thorns – sadness and sadness.

Prison subculture experts decipher the meaning of a rose on a prisoner’s thigh with a wire as being gay and do not recommend using criminal sketches for women.This topic is not in trend and is not acceptable for modern, gentle, romantic women. The color of a rose on the body also has a certain meaning: white – innocence, pink – gratitude, red – passionate love, blue – determination, black – sadness. Women most of all prefer to choose a pale pink color of a tattoo with roses, which emphasizes the romance of nature.

The meaning of a rose tattoo

There is no single meaning for such a tattoo. This is influenced by a lot, ranging from location, size and ending with shape, color and the presence of thorns.Still, it is believed that the main meaning of a rose is beauty and love. And a person who chooses such an image for himself seeks to show his inner and outer beauty.

A flower with thorns means that a person pays more attention to his inner world. Often, in this case, the emphasis is placed on the fact that attractiveness can be deceiving. As for the rose without thorns, it is chosen to emphasize the external beauty.

If we consider the meaning of a rose in the form of love, then a flower without thorns symbolizes love.Thorns emphasize that feelings are impossible without pain, so it is very important to be able to reach compromise solutions.

The meaning of a rose tattoo also depends on its color. The white bud always symbolizes youth, innocence and purity. Such a pattern is rarely chosen. At the same time, the red flower is considered the most popular tattoo for both women and men. As stated above, it stands for love, romance and passion.

A yellow rose is rarely chosen as a tattoo design.This is mainly due to the fact that earlier this shade was associated with sadness and separation. That is why it was believed that such flowers are given for parting. Today there is another theory. Now, yellow means strengthening friendship, loyalty and joy.

The pink rose is very often chosen by girls to emphasize their elegance and attractiveness. Regardless of the size, this tattoo looks beautiful and feminine.

Blue rose means the manifestation of fantasy, inspiration.For the reason that such flowers do not actually exist, the composition on the body always looks unusual. By the way, sometimes girls combine blue and purple colors to make the rose look really interesting and unique. Of course, such a solution is not suitable for everyone, but only for those who are ready to experiment.

The meaning of the black rose should be noted separately. In the classical sense, such a flower means unhappy love, the loss of a loved one, or past feelings. But still, not every rose has such a meaning.After all, it all depends on the additional details with which it is filled.

Regardless of the color of the rose, the thorns on it are considered a masculine symbol. That is, they emphasize fortitude, strength and protection from bad events. Intertwined roses are a symbol of harmony in life. Very often, such drawings are chosen by a couple to create identical tattoos. Please note that if one rose with thorns, and the other without them, then this means the unity of the masculine and feminine principles.

Roses are also sometimes combined with other designs to create a holistic composition.For example, when combined with a wire, it means suffering from unrequited love. As an addition, a beautiful phrase or the name of a loved one can be used. It looks really attractive.

A rose with a skull or cross is often made in memory of a loved one who has died. But before applying such a tattoo, think that the drawing will always remind you of a tragic event. And this can negatively affect the general condition and mood.

There is also a prison meaning for such a tattoo.The branch of a rose means that a person already has many crimes and conclusions on his account.

If a rose with thorns is depicted on the body, it means the following: a person does not repent of his actions and will definitely repeat them as soon as he is free. Therefore, if you are planning to get such a tattoo, seriously think about it.

Spectacular blue rose tattoos

It is not so easy to choose a beautiful rose tattoo. First, you need to find the right specialist. Secondly, choose the option you want.And lead their mass! Do you want some exotic on your body? Choose a blue rose for your underwear. A rose tattoo in shades of blue creates a dramatic contrast. In natural reality, blue roses do not exist, but there is a dyeing technology. That is why a tattoo of a blue rose on a woman’s body looks mystical and mysterious. Many women try to combine shades of blue with other colors. Such compositions look very interesting. But you can create a unique design on the body only if the master knows how to correctly combine blue shades.

Exceptional miniature rose tattoos

Miniature flowers on the body in the form of a rose – ideal for a woman’s tattoo. These ideal flowers are good because they allow you to believe in beauty. Tattoos of mini queens look great both in an impenetrable dark version without glare, and in color. In general, in 2021, mini tattoos are a fashion trend that attracts more and more women. If for some reason you want to get rid of the tattoo, then the mini options are easier to reduce.Small imperfections of the skin are well hidden under the miniature images of the rose. And a certain choice of a place for a tattoo can give an image of mystery, piquancy and style.

Rose – coloring the drawing with a pencil in stages

After the contours of the rose are well drawn with a pencil, it remains only to paint it. To do this, you will need colored pencils with a soft lead and the drawing itself.

Step # 1

In order not to spoil the painted rose, artists recommend using a simple pencil at the beginning of staining.Its main advantage is that it can be easily erased with an eraser, which means it can be easily corrected.

Strokes, transitions from one tone to another and darkening are drawn with an ordinary pencil, and after that they are painted with colored paints.

Step # 2

White pencil is very difficult to use. This is especially true for highlighting the highlights on the petals. Therefore, in order not to spoil the work and give it volume, it is enough to leave some places unpainted (transitions, highlights).

Step # 3

Coloring always starts with light shades and ends with dark ones. This allows you not to make an error in the transitions.

Step # 4

Strokes (thin lines) are applied at the last stage of drawing. For them, hard pencils are taken, allowing you to draw incredibly clear lines.

Great ideas for a rose tattoo: an exquisite duo

As an image on the body, a rose is a great solution, because this flower is always beautiful.One rose is good, but two is even better. Tattoos in the form of a pair of flowers are now very relevant. The cute duo is eye-catching. Intertwined roses are considered a symbolic sign of harmony. Such images are often chosen by couples. Despite the variety of sketches with rose tattoos, it is difficult to find a suitable option. We offer you to look at the beautiful rose tattoos in the photo.

Women’s tattoos – 2021: a bouquet with unfading roses

When the soul strives for harmony with the body, a rose tattoo can help.Today there are a lot of ideas with images of bouquets of captivating roses. The royal flower can be portrayed both solo and with other modern elements. Thorns in a bouquet with roses symbolize stamina, determination, fortitude. Rose bouquets literally come to life on the body and look amazing. Tattoo artists in their practice most of all apply a drawing with a rose on their hands and the area of ​​the shoulder blades. At the same time, the size of the tattoo does not matter: both small roses and large compositions look great.A rose tattoo on the legs and chest looks unusual. But this option is suitable only for open and creative women who are not afraid to show their “I”.

How to draw beautifully a heart with a rose with a pencil and paints?

A drawing depicting a rose with a heart will decorate both a birthday card and a valentine. Let’s try and draw a heart next to one of the most beautiful flowers – a rose.

• First, draw the contours of a large heart. It will serve as the main element of the drawing, to which we will “finish building” the missing details.Let’s start drawing a rose: sketch out the initial lines of the bud at the bottom of the heart.

Draw a big heart

Add some petals.

We begin to draw the middle of the buds

We give a more realistic look to the roses, drawing two petals under each bud.

Add petals

Add leaves

Add leaves: their edges can be made with small “teeth”. Let’s draw veins on the leaves.

Drawing veins on the leaves

The most interesting thing is left: decorate the picture and frame it.

Another version of the drawing of a rose with a heart

Magic decoration of a woman’s body: ideas for a tattoo with roses

For many creative personalities, a tattoo means the need to express what has been experienced or suffered through a drawing on the body. Some rose tattoos on a woman’s body are mesmerizing, and some are repulsive. The female rose tattoo looks generally gentle, with a touch of grace.Very often, a rose tattoo can be seen on famous persons who will not fail to show off their beautiful designs in public displays. Young girls very often choose a rose tattoo. Many of them see body painting as a way of self-expression, and some see it as a talisman. Sometimes roses are combined with drawings of other subjects. The whole composition looks very attractive. It is advisable to avoid gloomy skull designs, spiked wire, blood, and other gloomy designs. The negative will always remain negative, and therefore think – do you need a constant reminder of something sad?

Before making a tattoo on your body, carefully think over all the details, location, study photos with examples of roses in the form of roses, and after a complete analysis and confidence in your choice, go to the master.

How to draw a rose

Drawing is not only an art, but also a great way to relax. Drawing is useful for people of any age. With it, you pour out your emotions on a sheet or canvas, thereby gaining peace of mind.

Quite often, the desire to draw arises spontaneously, and we will tell you the ideas of what you can draw and how to do it. And now we will show several ways how to draw a rose in stages. To do this, you only need a sheet of paper and a pencil of hardness from B to 4B (whatever you can find).