What is LEEP procedure? Why might someone need a LEEP? What are the risks and how to prepare for the LEEP procedure? Get comprehensive answers to these questions and more.

What is a Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP)?

A loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is a medical procedure that uses a wire loop heated by electric current to remove abnormal cells or tissue from a woman’s lower genital tract, which includes the cervix and vagina. LEEP is commonly used as part of the diagnosis and treatment for various abnormal or cancerous conditions in this area.

Why Might Someone Need a LEEP?

LEEP may be recommended when abnormal cells are detected during a pelvic exam or Pap test. These abnormal cells, often referred to as precancerous, could potentially develop into cervical cancer if left untreated. LEEP can be used to detect and remove these abnormal cells, allowing healthy tissue to grow in their place. Additionally, LEEP may be used to diagnose or treat other conditions, such as polyps, genital warts, or issues related to prior exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) during pregnancy.

What are the Risks of a LEEP Procedure?

Some potential risks associated with LEEP include infection, bleeding, changes or scarring in the cervix, difficulty getting pregnant, and an increased risk of preterm birth or low birth weight in future pregnancies. Individuals with certain conditions, such as menstruation, pelvic inflammatory disease, or acute cervical inflammation, may also be at a higher risk of complications during the procedure.

How to Prepare for a LEEP Procedure?

To prepare for a LEEP, the healthcare provider will explain the procedure and answer any questions the patient may have. The patient will be asked to sign a consent form and provide information about any allergies or sensitivities, as well as any medications they are currently taking. Patients may also be instructed to avoid using tampons, vaginal creams or medicines, douching, and sexual intercourse before the procedure. In some cases, the healthcare provider may recommend taking a pain reliever 30 minutes before the LEEP.

What Happens During a LEEP Procedure?

During a LEEP, the patient will be asked to undress and put on a hospital gown. They will then lie on an exam table with their feet and legs supported, and a speculum will be inserted into the vagina to expose the cervix. The healthcare provider may use a colposcope, a device with a magnifying lens, to closely examine the cervix. The wire loop heated by electric current will then be used to remove the abnormal tissue, which will be sent to a lab for testing.

Recovery and Aftercare Following a LEEP

After the LEEP procedure, the patient may experience some cramping, bleeding, or a watery discharge. The healthcare provider will provide instructions on how to care for the area, such as using sanitary pads, avoiding tampons, and refraining from sexual intercourse until the area has healed. It is important for the patient to attend any follow-up appointments to ensure proper healing and to monitor for any potential complications.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the purpose of a LEEP procedure? The primary purpose of a LEEP is to remove abnormal or precancerous cells from the cervix or vagina to prevent the development of cervical cancer.

How long does a LEEP procedure take? The LEEP procedure itself typically takes 10-20 minutes to complete, but the entire appointment may last 30-60 minutes, including preparation and recovery time.

Will a LEEP affect my fertility or future pregnancies? LEEP may increase the risk of preterm birth or low birth weight in future pregnancies, but the risk is generally low. Discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider.

Is a LEEP procedure painful? The LEEP procedure is generally not considered very painful, but some patients may experience discomfort or cramping during the procedure. The healthcare provider may recommend taking a pain reliever beforehand to help manage any discomfort.

How long is the recovery period after a LEEP? Most patients can return to their normal activities within a few days, but it may take several weeks for the cervix to fully heal. Follow the healthcare provider’s instructions for aftercare and attend any follow-up appointments.

What happens to the tissue removed during a LEEP? The tissue removed during the LEEP procedure will be sent to a laboratory for analysis to determine the presence and extent of any abnormal or cancerous cells.

How often will I need to have a LEEP procedure? The need for additional LEEP procedures will depend on the results of the initial procedure and the patient’s overall health. Regular follow-up appointments and Pap tests are essential to monitor for any recurrence of abnormal cells.