How long do venlafaxine withdrawal symptoms typically last. What are the common side effects of stopping venlafaxine too quickly. How should venlafaxine be tapered off safely. Why does venlafaxine cause withdrawal symptoms. What should you do if you experience venlafaxine withdrawal symptoms.

Understanding Venlafaxine Withdrawal Syndrome

Venlafaxine, marketed under brand names Effexor and Effexor XR, is a widely prescribed antidepressant belonging to the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) class. While effective in treating depression and anxiety disorders, discontinuing venlafaxine can lead to a constellation of symptoms known as antidepressant discontinuation syndrome or withdrawal syndrome.

Withdrawal symptoms typically emerge when a patient abruptly stops taking venlafaxine or reduces the dosage too quickly. These symptoms can range from mild discomfort to more severe manifestations that significantly impact daily functioning. Understanding the nature, duration, and management of venlafaxine withdrawal is crucial for patients and healthcare providers alike.

Duration of Venlafaxine Withdrawal Symptoms

The duration of venlafaxine withdrawal symptoms can vary among individuals, but typically, they persist for about 3 to 4 weeks. In some cases, symptoms may linger for an extended period. Several factors influence the duration and severity of withdrawal symptoms, including:

• Length of time on the medication
• Dosage prior to discontinuation
• Individual physiology and metabolism
• Method of discontinuation (abrupt vs. gradual tapering)

Is there a standard timeline for venlafaxine withdrawal? While individual experiences may differ, a general timeline can be observed:

1. Days 1-3: Initial symptoms may begin to appear
2. Days 4-7: Symptoms often peak in intensity
3. Weeks 2-3: Gradual reduction in symptom severity
4. Weeks 3-4: Most symptoms resolve for the majority of patients

It’s important to note that some individuals may experience prolonged withdrawal symptoms, sometimes referred to as post-acute withdrawal syndrome (PAWS). In such cases, symptoms may persist for several months or even longer.

Common Side Effects of Venlafaxine Withdrawal

Venlafaxine withdrawal can manifest through a variety of symptoms, affecting both physical and psychological well-being. The most frequently reported side effects include:

• Dizziness and vertigo
• Headaches
• Fatigue and lethargy
• Anxiety and irritability
• Insomnia or sleep disturbances
• Nausea and gastrointestinal discomfort
• Loss of appetite
• Mood swings

Are there any unique withdrawal symptoms associated with venlafaxine? Indeed, venlafaxine withdrawal is notorious for causing a phenomenon known as “brain zaps” or “electric shock sensations.” These are described as brief, shock-like sensations in the brain, often triggered by eye or head movements. While not dangerous, they can be quite disconcerting for patients.

Other less common but reported symptoms include:

• Chills and sweating
• Confusion and cognitive difficulties
• Paresthesias (tingling or burning sensations in extremities)
• Vivid dreams or nightmares
• Muscle aches and tension

Safe Tapering Strategies for Venlafaxine

To minimize the risk and severity of withdrawal symptoms, a gradual tapering approach is strongly recommended when discontinuing venlafaxine. The tapering process should always be supervised by a healthcare provider and tailored to the individual patient’s needs.

What is the general guideline for tapering venlafaxine? The standard recommendation is to reduce the daily dose by 37.5 to 75 mg each week over a period of four weeks. This approach applies to both immediate-release and extended-release formulations of venlafaxine.

Here’s an example of a tapering schedule for a patient taking 300 mg of venlafaxine daily:

1. Week 1: Reduce dose to 225 mg daily
2. Week 2: Reduce dose to 150 mg daily
3. Week 3: Reduce dose to 75 mg daily
4. Week 4: Reduce dose to 37.5 mg daily
5. End of Week 4: Discontinue medication

Can the tapering schedule be adjusted? Absolutely. Some patients may require a more gradual taper, especially if they’ve been on high doses for extended periods or have a history of severe withdrawal symptoms. In such cases, the tapering process might be extended over several months, with smaller dose reductions at each step.

The Science Behind Venlafaxine Withdrawal

Understanding the pharmacokinetics of venlafaxine sheds light on why it’s prone to causing withdrawal symptoms. Venlafaxine has a relatively short half-life, ranging from 5 to 13 hours. This means that the drug is eliminated from the body relatively quickly, leading to rapid changes in neurotransmitter levels when treatment is stopped abruptly.

Why does the short half-life of venlafaxine contribute to withdrawal symptoms? When a medication with a short half-life is discontinued, the body doesn’t have sufficient time to adjust to the absence of the drug. This sudden change can disrupt the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain, particularly serotonin and norepinephrine, leading to the various withdrawal symptoms experienced by patients.

Several factors can influence the severity of withdrawal symptoms:

• Duration of treatment: Longer periods of use typically lead to more pronounced withdrawal effects
• Dosage: Higher doses are associated with more severe withdrawal symptoms
• Individual metabolism: Variations in how quickly individuals metabolize the drug can affect withdrawal intensity
• Concurrent medications: Interactions with other drugs may exacerbate withdrawal symptoms

Managing Venlafaxine Withdrawal Symptoms

While gradual tapering is the primary strategy for minimizing withdrawal symptoms, additional measures can be taken to manage discomfort during the discontinuation process:

1. Stay hydrated: Adequate fluid intake can help alleviate some physical symptoms
2. Maintain a healthy diet: Balanced nutrition supports overall well-being during withdrawal
3. Exercise regularly: Physical activity can help manage mood swings and anxiety
4. Practice stress-reduction techniques: Meditation, deep breathing, or yoga may be beneficial
5. Get sufficient sleep: Prioritize good sleep hygiene to combat insomnia and fatigue
6. Seek support: Talking to friends, family, or a support group can provide emotional comfort

Are there any medications that can help with venlafaxine withdrawal? In some cases, healthcare providers may prescribe short-term medications to alleviate specific withdrawal symptoms. These might include:

• Over-the-counter pain relievers for headaches or muscle aches
• Anti-nausea medications for gastrointestinal distress
• Short-acting benzodiazepines for severe anxiety (used cautiously and under close supervision)
• Sleep aids for insomnia

It’s crucial to consult with a healthcare provider before taking any additional medications during the withdrawal process.

When to Seek Medical Attention

While most venlafaxine withdrawal symptoms are uncomfortable but not dangerous, certain situations warrant immediate medical attention. Patients should contact their healthcare provider if they experience:

• Severe mood swings or suicidal thoughts
• Persistent and severe nausea or vomiting
• Intense dizziness or fainting spells
• Prolonged insomnia or sleep disturbances
• Unusual or severe physical symptoms

How should one respond to unexpected withdrawal symptoms? If you encounter severe or unexpected symptoms during the tapering process, it’s essential to communicate with your healthcare provider promptly. They may need to adjust your tapering schedule or provide additional support to manage your symptoms effectively.

Long-Term Considerations and Alternatives

For some individuals, the challenges of venlafaxine withdrawal may prompt consideration of alternative treatment options. It’s important to discuss these possibilities with a healthcare provider before making any decisions.

What are some alternatives to venlafaxine for treating depression and anxiety? Depending on the individual’s specific condition and medical history, alternatives might include:

• Other antidepressants with different mechanisms of action or longer half-lives
• Non-pharmacological treatments such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or interpersonal therapy
• Lifestyle modifications, including diet, exercise, and stress management techniques
• Alternative medicine approaches, such as acupuncture or herbal supplements (always consult with a healthcare provider before trying these)

Is it possible to remain on venlafaxine long-term? For many patients, long-term use of venlafaxine is safe and effective. However, the decision to continue or discontinue the medication should be made in consultation with a healthcare provider, taking into account the individual’s specific circumstances, including the original reason for prescription, current symptoms, and overall health status.

In conclusion, while venlafaxine withdrawal can be challenging, proper management and gradual tapering can significantly reduce the severity and duration of symptoms. Open communication with healthcare providers, adherence to tapering schedules, and utilization of supportive strategies can help ensure a smoother transition off the medication when necessary. As with all aspects of mental health treatment, individualized care and ongoing medical supervision are key to achieving the best outcomes.

How long do venlafaxine withdrawal symptoms last?

Medically reviewed by Leigh Ann Anderson, PharmD. Last updated on April 20, 2023.

Venlafaxine withdrawal symptoms typically last up to 3 to 4 weeks, but may persist even longer. You should avoid abruptly stopping venlafaxine treatment unless otherwise directed by your healthcare provider. Gradually reducing the dose over 4 weeks can help to prevent severe withdrawal symptoms in most people.

Do not stop treatment on your own. Your doctor can set up a tapering schedule to help you safely discontinue venlafaxine.

What is antidepressant discontinuation syndrome?

Withdrawal side effects from antidepressants, also called antidepressant discontinuation syndrome, is a common occurrence with all classes of antidepressants.

Abruptly stopping antidepressant treatment, or tapering your dose down too quickly, can result in side effects if you’ve been on treatment for at least a few weeks. These withdrawal side effects, which are usually mild but can be severe in some people, typically start 1 to 3 days after stopping treatment.

Which side effects occur if venlafaxine is stopped too quickly?

The most common side effects that may occur with abruptly stopping venlafaxine (Effexor, Effexor XR) may include:

• dizziness
• headache
• feeling tired
• anxiety
• trouble sleeping
• nausea
• loss of appetite
• irritability

Other reported symptoms are: chills, confusion, diarrhea, dry mouth, excessive sweating, feeling of unease, electric shock-like sensations (“brain zaps”), muscle aches, burning or tingling sensation in hand, arm, foot or other extremity (paresthesias), runny nose, tremor, vertigo, vomiting and vivid dreams or nightmares.

How slowly should venlafaxine be stopped?

Follow your doctor’s directions on how to best discontinue venlafaxine (Effexor, Effexor XR).

In general, it is recommended the daily dose of venlafaxine be reduced by 37.5 to 75 mg each week over four weeks to reduce symptoms. This applies to both immediate-release and extended-release formulations.

• For example, if you are taking 300 mg per day of venlafaxine, your doctor may decide to lower your dose by 75 mg each week for 4 weeks until you are done with the medicine at the end of week 4.
• As another example, if you take a 150 mg dose, your doctor may decide to taper your dose by 37.5 mg each week for 4 weeks until you are done with the medicine at the end of week 4.

For some doses, your doctor may need to prescribe different strengths to help you correctly taper your dose over 4 weeks.

Why does venlafaxine cause withdrawal symptoms?

Quickly stopping venlafaxine treatment can lead to withdrawal symptoms due to its short half-lives, ranging from 5 to 13 hours. Studies have shown that SNRIs such as venlafaxine and desvenlafaxine can have relatively more side effects when treatment is stopped abruptly.

A half-life is the time it takes a dose of the drug to be reduced by one-half. It takes on average 4 to 5 half-lives for a drug to be fully eliminated.

Quick elimination from the body of drugs with short-half lives can worsen discontinuation withdrawal symptoms, especially drugs that work in the central nervous system like antidepressants or benzodiazepines. Taking higher doses and being on treatment for a longer period of time may also worsen these side effects.

The half-life can vary based on your age, weight, genetic make-up, kidney or liver function, drug interactions, and even your medical conditions. Your doctor may decide to discontinue your dose even more slowly due to these factors.

Do not stop treatment on your own. Conact your doctor, who can set up a safe and more comfortable tapering schedule for you.

In contrast, Prozac (fluoxetine) is an SSRI antidepressant with a very long half-life (ranging from 4 to 16 days). Plasma levels of the drug decrease gradually when treatment is stopped which may minimize the risk of discontinuation symptoms with this drug, but a long half-life also means that side effects due to the drug itself may be ongoing as the drug slowly eliminates from the body.

What should I do if I get withdrawal symptoms with venlafaxine?

• Contact your doctor right away.
• If you abruptly stopped treatment, your healthcare provider may decide to restart your venlafaxine and slowly lower your dose over several weeks or longer to help reduce the incidence of side effects.
• If you are already undergoing a gradual treatment discontinuation, your dose may need to be slightly increased and then stopped even more slowly to help reduce your side effects.

This is not all the information you need to know about venlafaxine (Effexor, Effexor XR) for safe and effective use and does not take the place of your doctor’s directions. Review the full product information and discuss this information and any questions you have with your doctor or other health care provider.

References

• Gabriel M, Sharma V. Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome. CMAJ. 2017 May 29;189(21):E747. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.160991. PMID: 28554948; PMCID: PMC5449237.
• Venlafaxine prescribing information. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Drugs.com. Accessed Apr 20, 2023 at https://www.drugs.com/monograph/venlafaxine.html
• Hirsch M, Birnbaum R (authors). Discontinuing antidepressant medications in adults. Up to Date. Accessed Apr 20, 2023 at https://www.uptodate.com/contents/discontinuing-antidepressant-medications-in-adults#h311781

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Medical Disclaimer

Abuse, Side Effects, Detox, Withdrawal and Treatment

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Table of contents

• What is Effexor?
• Is Effexor Addictive?
• Slang for Effexor
• How Common Is Effexor Abuse and Addiction?
• What Are the Side Effects of Effexor Abuse?
• What Are Common Signs and Symptoms of Effexor Addiction?
• Effexor Withdrawal Symptoms and Detox
• Effexor Withdrawal Timeline
• Treatment for Effexor Addiction
• Inpatient Drug Rehab vs. Outpatient Drug Rehab for Effexor Addiction
• Continued Care Options for Effexor Addiction Treatment
  • Sober Living Programs
  • Aftercare Programs

What is Effexor?

Effexor is the brand name for the drug venlafaxine, which is an antidepressant drug and a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). Effexor is one of the most popular antidepressants in the U.S. and it is most often prescribed to treat depression, anxiety, social phobia, and panic disorder, although it may also be used to treat alcohol dependency.

Effexor is not prescribed for people with bipolar disorder as it can cause manic episodes. People taking this medication may also be at higher risk for having seizures. Similar to other antidepressant drugs, Effexor is only legally available with a prescription.

Effexor works by increasing levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in the brain by decreasing absorption. It comes in tablet form and is users taking it medically consume it orally two to three times daily with food. 

Effexor was discontinued in the U.S. but a newer, time-released Effexor XR formula is said to cause less nausea and is available with a valid prescription.

Is Effexor Addictive?

Since it is considered a non-addictive antidepressant drug, many people believe you cannot become addicted to Effexor. However, psychological addiction is possible and frequent abusers of the drug may also become physically dependent, as the withdrawal symptoms can be severe.

Slang for Effexor

The following terms are street names or slang for antidepressants like Effexor:

• Happy pills
• Bottled smiles
• Miracle drug
• Wonder drug

How Common Is Effexor Abuse and Addiction?

Although it is considered a non-addictive drug, Effexor can be psychologically addictive, especially among people who take it with other drugs to achieve a new high. People who have co-occurring disorders like anxiety or depression may also abuse Effexor to try to elevate their mood more than a regular dose would.

People who abuse Effexor may consume larger or more frequent doses of Effexor than prescribed by a doctor. They may also get the tablets from friends, dealers, or buy Effexor tablets online from illegal, illegitimate pharmacies.

Although many people who abuse drugs do so to get high, Effexor will not produce a high and neither will other similar antidepressants like Celexa, Cymbalta, or Prozac . Regardless, a person may continue abusing Effexor on its own or with other drugs to try to elevate their mood, especially if they are facing difficult life circumstances like job loss, the death of a loved one, or a breakup.

Unfortunately, there isn’t much data available regarding Effexor abuse but people who are suffering from psychiatric disorders or severe substance abuse problems may be more likely to abuse it than others.

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What Are the Side Effects of Effexor Abuse?

Abusing Effexor may produce some uncomfortable physical side effects, such as:

• Abdominal cramps
• Insomnia
• Chills
• Fatigue
• Drowsiness
• Erectile dysfunction
• Constipation
• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Flu-like symptoms
• Tremors
• Decreased libido

Psychological side effects of Effexor abuse may also include:

• Memory problems
• Panic attacks
• Depression
• Vivid dreams
• Hallucinations
• Confusion
• Aggressive behavior
• Anxiety
• Suicidal thoughts or behaviors

If a person is addicted, he or she may display some of the following signs and symptoms of Effexor addiction:

• Frequently taking large doses of Effexor
• Faking symptoms to get Effexor from a doctor
• “Doctor shopping” to get multiple prescriptions for Effexor
• Taking larger doses of Effexor than prescribed by a doctor
• Experiencing withdrawal symptoms after trying to quit Effexor
• Trying to stop using Effexor but being unable to
• Losing interest in personal hobbies and interests
• Suffering financial, physical, psychological, and relational damage caused by Effexor abuse
• Having cravings for Effexor
• Feeling unable to function normally without Effexor

Effexor Withdrawal Symptoms and Detox

People who take Effexor regularly may experience severe withdrawal symptoms when they taper their use or stop using it entirely. Common Effexor withdrawal symptoms include:

• Tremors
• Headaches
• Fatigue
• Insomnia
• Dizziness
• Agitation
• Anxiety
• Vertigo
• Sensations that feel like electric shocks (also sometimes called “brain shivers”)
• Nausea
• A general mood of misery and depression

Detoxing from Effexor on your own at home is never recommended. Regardless of the duration or severity of withdrawal symptoms, you are much more likely to get sober and stay that way with professional help.

A medical detox program for Effexor addiction can provide round-the-clock assistance as you detox from Effexor and experience the withdrawal symptoms. Treatment specialists will administer medication as needed to ease your discomfort and clinical staff will provide individual and group counseling to help you process the negative emotions that often occur during Effexor detox.

Medical detox will also greatly reduce your risk of relapse, as many people return to Effexor abuse simply to relieve the discomfort of withdrawal symptoms. With medication-assisted treatment, Effexor detox treatment will be comfortable, safe, and effective.

Effexor Withdrawal Timeline

There are many individual factors that will impact the duration and severity of Effexor withdrawal, such as age, body mass/fat, hydration, how often Effexor was abused, how much was taken each time, and if you abused Effexor with other drugs or alcohol. However, below is a general timeline for withdrawal from antidepressant drugs.

1-3 days after the last dose	During the first few days of Effexor detox, mild withdrawal symptoms may start to appear.
4-5 days after the last dose	Withdrawal symptoms often become more intense several days into Effexor detox and they may include nausea, shakiness, dizziness, and insomnia, among others.
1-3 weeks after the last dose	Withdrawal symptoms may persist but gradually fade over time. Most often, symptoms are gone three weeks after starting Effexor detox and withdrawal, but some people may continue to experience very mild withdrawal symptoms for several months.

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Treatment for Effexor Addiction

Effexor may not be considered an addictive drug or a drug of abuse, but treatment for Effexor addiction is absolutely necessary for recovery. In many instances, after detox, a rehab program may be necessary for complete and full recovery from addiction.

According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), long-term addiction treatment lasting 90 days or more provides the best opportunity for sustained sobriety and positive treatment results. For this reason, 90-day rehab is often recommended for people with substance use disorders, including those struggling with Effexor addiction.

Effexor rehab may seem daunting and scary, especially if this is your first treatment experience, but knowing what to expect can help relieve some anxiety. During rehab for Effexor addiction, clients work closely with their peers, substance abuse counselors, addiction treatment specialists, and medical doctors to:

• Learn more about the disease of addiction as well as the recovery process
• Work through the 12-Step Program or a similar recovery program
• Gain and start implementing important life skills for recovery
• Learn how to recognize and cope with high-risk situations
• Establish a solid foundation of recovery support

Effexor treatment at a rehab center is often provided using evidence-based treatment methods including behavioral therapy, individual therapy, group therapy, educational lectures, family therapy, and other specialized therapies. Treatment staff also focus on relapse prevention and management to provide a well-rounded Effexor treatment program that addresses mind, body, and soul.

Inpatient Drug Rehab vs. Outpatient Drug Rehab for Effexor Addiction

Choosing the right type of Effexor rehab program will depend on the complexity of your treatment needs, your financial ability, and your personal preferences. Residential rehab and outpatient rehab are two of the most common types of Effexor rehab programs. Although they are both equally focused on addiction recovery, there are a few differences between the two.

Depending on your individual treatment needs, a residential rehab or outpatient rehab program may be best for you. Fortunately, you don’t have to make this decision alone. Your doctor or an addiction treatment professional at a rehab center can help you determine what type of Effexor rehab is the right fit.

Of course, the cost of Effexor treatment is an important factor that will also influence your decision. While the cost of a rehab program varies depending on its location, services, staff, amenities, and other factors, there are usually several different payment options that can help reduce your out-of-pocket costs for Effexor rehab, including:

• Health insurance benefits
• Employee Assistance Programs (EAP)
• Financed healthcare loans
• Credit cards
• Crowdfunding
• HSA funds

Continued Care Options for Effexor Addiction Treatment

Effexor addiction can be difficult to overcome, but continuing care options allow you to gradually adjust to a life of sobriety with high levels of support and structure in treatment. There are several different types of continuing care options for Effexor addiction, with sober living programs and aftercare programs being two of the most common.

Sober Living Programs

A sober living program is designed to provide recovery support services and a safe living environment to people who are recovering from addiction. Also commonly called halfway houses, ¾ houses, and transitional living homes, sober living homes can be single residential homes or apartment complexes outfitted for people in recovery.

A sober living program provides structure, peer support, and a safe, sober living environment while also offering various recovery support services like:

• Regular drug and alcohol testing
• Peer monitoring programs
• Tiered recovery programming
• Employment assistance
• Educational planning
• Volunteer placement

With these support services and a safe place to call home, sober living clients can gradually learn how to live an independent and sober life before re-entering society after rehab.

Aftercare Programs

An aftercare program is another valuable kind of sobriety support program for people in recovery. Aftercare is specifically designed for alumni of drug and alcohol rehab programs and offers personalized peer support in a group environment.

Aftercare typically meets on a weekly basis and serves as a safe, accepting, and drug-free environment where people in recovery can meet with their sober peers and share life experiences.

Aftercare group is facilitated by an experienced addiction treatment professional who guides the conversation to allow for personal growth, encouragement, and peer support among the individuals in the group.

Aftercare is just one option for continuing care after detox and rehab, but it can be combined with other programs like IOP, sober living, or regular attendance at a local recovery support group for best results.

The causes of Effexor addiction are more complex than just having an addictive personality. At Nova Recovery Center, we can help you address the causes of your addiction, develop healthier habits, and learn how to live a fulfilling life that is free from substance abuse and addiction. Call (512) 605-2955 now to get started with your Effexor treatment.

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References:

1. https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-1836/effexor-oral/details
2. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/venlafaxine-marketed-effexor-information
3. https://www.verywellmind.com/brain-shivers-as-effexor-withdrawal-symptom-1065516
4. https://www.nami.org/Learn-More/Treatment/Mental-Health-Medications/Venlafaxine-(Effexor)
5. https://injury.findlaw.com/product-liability/effexor-faq.html
6. https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0801/p449.html
7. https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/going-off-antidepressants

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Consequences of withdrawal of antidepressants: how to stop treatment?

Contents

• 1 How to safely stop antidepressants
  • 1.1 Definition and functions of antidepressants
  • 1.2 Why it is important to stop antidepressants correctly
  • 1.3 Possible consequences of stopping antidepressants 90 008
  • 1.4 How to properly reduce the dose of antidepressants
  • 1.5 How long should take termination of treatment
  • 1.6 Side effects of antidepressant withdrawal
  • 1.7 Who can help stop antidepressant treatment
  • 1.8 Advice for patients self-discontinuing treatment
  • time to stop treatment problems
  • 1.11 How to approach discontinuation of different types of antidepressants
    • 1.11.1 Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
    • 1.11.2 Third generation antidepressants
    • 1.11.3 Tricyclic antidepressants
    • 1.11.4 Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
  • 1. 12 Related videos:

  90 005 1.13 Q&A:

  • • 1.13.0.1 What happens if I stop taking antidepressants on my own?
    • 1.13.0.2 How long should I continue taking antidepressants?
    • 1.13.0.3 Can antidepressants be taken for several years?
    • 1.13.0.4 What unpleasant symptoms can occur when antidepressants are stopped?
    • 1.13.0.5 What is the correct antidepressant withdrawal regimen?
    • 1.13.0.6 Can one antidepressant be substituted for another?

The article talks about how to stop antidepressants correctly, what patients need to know and what consequences can be if the wrong cancellation occurs. Doctors’ advice and recommendations for the gradual change of drugs.

Antidepressants are widely used to treat depression and anxiety disorders. These drugs can significantly improve the quality of life of patients, thoughts of suicide will disappear, anxiety levels will decrease. However, no matter how effective the therapy is, its termination can lead to a number of unpleasant consequences if the rules for discontinuing drugs are not followed.

However, many patients stop treatment on their own without consulting their doctor. This can lead to serious consequences: a rebound depressive syndrome, sleep disorders, aggression, panic attacks, as well as an increase in the symptoms of reverse inhibition of monoamine oxidase. In addition, with a sudden cessation of treatment, patients may experience a withdrawal syndrome, which manifests itself in the form of weakness, nausea, headache, irritability, depression and other unpleasant symptoms.

Therefore, it is very important to consult your doctor before starting or stopping antidepressants. If the decision to stop treatment has already been made, then this should happen gradually and under medical supervision. The doctor will determine the optimal dose reduction scheme and the time schedule for drug withdrawal, depending on the individual characteristics and the patient’s condition.

Definition and function of antidepressants

Antidepressants are a group of pharmacological preparations for the treatment of depression and other mental disorders. Their action is aimed at changing the level of neurotransmitters in the brain, such as serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine, which are responsible for mood, as well as improving hormonal balance.

Antidepressants may be used to treat a variety of mental disorders, including depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and panic attacks. They help improve mood, increase energy and reduce anxiety levels. Antidepressants may also be helpful in treating pain and insomnia.

• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: Popular drugs include citalopram, fluoxetine, and sertraline.
• Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors: Popular drugs include venlafaxine, duloxetine, and milnaceprane.
• Norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitors: Bupropion is a commonly used drug in this group.

Why it is important to stop antidepressant treatment correctly

Stopping antidepressant treatment must be done correctly, as improper termination can lead to nervous breakdowns and an increase in symptoms of depression.

In addition to discomfort, improper discontinuation of antidepressants can lead to severe mental deterioration. However, gradually reducing the dose of the drug under the supervision of a doctor can significantly reduce the likelihood of all these problems.

It is important to remember that discontinuation of antidepressant medication should only be done under specialist supervision. Independent decision to cancel the drug or change the dosage can lead to negative consequences, serious health losses, and sometimes death.

In order to properly stop antidepressant treatment, you need to consult your doctor and be patient during the transition period. This is the only way to avoid possible negative consequences and achieve a positive effect from the use of the drug.

Possible consequences of stopping antidepressants

Stopping antidepressants without consulting a doctor can lead to various consequences, including the appearance or worsening of symptoms of depression. A significant dose reduction can cause mood disturbances, irritability, dizziness, nausea, and even hallucinations. Complete cessation of use can lead to a serious decrease in mood and panic attacks.

Some people who take antidepressants may also find that they become dependent on the medication, especially if they have been taking it for a long time. In this case, discontinuation may be accompanied by withdrawal symptoms, including anxiety and depression.

In addition, with the withdrawal of antidepressants, a withdrawal syndrome may develop, which can manifest itself in the form of headaches, nausea, dizziness and muscle pain. In more rare cases, more severe symptoms may appear, such as nightmares, anxiety, and seizures.

1. 1. When you stop taking antidepressants, you should:
      • Seek medical advice and help, if necessary, gradually reduce the dose of the drug
      • Stick to the plan suggested by the doctor and do not deviate from it
      • Lead a healthy lifestyle, including proper nutrition, regular exercise and adequate rest
      • Do not drink alcohol and do not get addicted to drugs or other drugs
      • If severe side effects occur immediately see a doctor

How to reduce the dose of antidepressants correctly

Reducing the dose of antidepressants should only take place on the recommendation of a doctor, otherwise it can lead to serious consequences. When the dose is reduced, it is necessary to monitor changes in mood, appetite, sleep, possible pain in the head and chest.

It is recommended to gradually reduce the dose of antidepressants. The time it takes to reduce the dose may be individual and depends on the individual case. The transition to a lower dose should be gradual. A single dose reduction may lead to drug withdrawal.

1. 1. • Dose reduction should only occur under the supervision of a physician
      • Symptoms that may occur with dose reduction should be recorded
      • Gradual dose reduction will help avoid serious consequences
      • Switching to a lower dose should be gradual and individualized

How long should it take to stop treatment

Stopping antidepressant treatment has its own characteristics, due to the fact that these drugs affect a special chemical reaction in the brain. Most often, it is advisable to stop treatment gradually, over several weeks or months, depending on the regimen approved by the attending physician in a particular situation.

Stopping treatment prematurely can lead to serious consequences for the patient, including severe deterioration of well-being, depression, suicidal thoughts and even suicidal behavior. Therefore, it is important to follow an individual treatment regimen and regularly follow all the doctor’s recommendations.

All types of antidepressants affect the brain in different ways, so the duration of stopping treatment may be different. Some types of antidepressants may require dose reduction and discontinuation over several weeks, while others may require gradual dose reduction over months.

When approaching discontinuation of antidepressant treatment, the treating physician should take into account the patient’s individual characteristics, disease severity, general health, and any concomitant factors that may affect the patient’s recovery after discontinuation of treatment.

Side effects of antidepressant withdrawal

Stopping antidepressant medication may lead to unwanted side effects. Symptoms depend on the type of drug, duration of administration and dosage. It is important to remember that drug withdrawal should occur gradually and under the supervision of a specialist.

1. 1. • Withdrawal symptoms: severe anxiety, irritability, inability to concentrate, outwardly observed nervousness and restlessness, anxiety, dizziness, nausea, headaches, drowsiness and sweating;
      • Masking symptoms: increased depression, return of symptoms, worsening of mood, disorientation;
      • Withdrawal symptoms: sleep disturbance, headaches, dizziness, nausea, increased anxiety, bowel changes, sweating, palpitations.

To avoid these side effects, it is necessary to gradually reduce the dose of the drug and be under the supervision of a psychiatrist. It is necessary to discuss the situation with the doctor and consider changing the drug to another or adding additional treatments.

Who can help stop antidepressant treatment

Stopping antidepressant treatment is an important step in coping with depression and other disorders. Undesirable effects may occur if you complete the treatment yourself without consulting your doctor.

However, besides your doctor, other specialists can also help you stop taking antidepressants. These include psychologists and psychotherapists. They can talk with you about the psychological aspects of stopping treatment, help you develop a plan of action, and support you through the process.

1. 1. • Physician
      • Psychologist
      • Psychotherapist

len and, therefore, the approach to stopping treatment should be individualized and created in a timely manner. Regardless of the path you choose, there is always the opportunity to discuss your concerns and questions with a specialist who will help you make the decision that best suits your individual needs.

Tips for self-discontinuing patients

Antidepressants should never be stopped on their own. However, if you strongly want to do this, then you should follow a few tips.

1. 1. • Do not stop treatment on the same day. This can lead to severe mental impairment and deterioration of your health.
      • Follow your doctor’s instructions. Depending on the diagnosis and nature of treatment, stopping antidepressants can occur in different ways. You need to know exactly how to do it.
      • Consult a doctor. Discuss this with your doctor before making a decision to stop your medication. He will be able to tell you about all the consequences of withdrawal, prescribe the necessary drugs and monitor your condition.
      • Watch your health. Monitor how you feel after stopping medication. If you experience unpleasant symptoms, be sure to consult a doctor.

Note that only a doctor can correctly determine when and how to stop antidepressant treatment. If you make a mistake, it can lead to negative consequences for your health.

Protection against depression relapse after antidepressant withdrawal

After antidepressant withdrawal, many patients experience a possible relapse of depression. In order to prevent it, it is necessary to take certain measures and follow the recommendations of experts.

Secondly, try to monitor your emotional state: at the slightest sign of depression, seek timely help. Do not delay to prevent a relapse.

Third, get regular physical activity to reduce your risk of oxidative stress and improve your emotional well-being. Scientific studies show that exercise reduces the likelihood of a relapse of depression by almost 50%.

Finally, follow your doctor’s orders and don’t make any changes to your treatment without his input, even if you feel healthy. This will help you not only avoid relapses, but also reduce the likelihood of premature death caused by depression.

What to do if you have problems stopping treatment

When you decide to stop taking antidepressants, it is very important to do so gradually and under the supervision of a doctor. However, in some cases, even if all recommendations are followed, problems may arise.

If you experience any symptoms or sensations that make you anxious, be sure to consult your doctor. You may experience dizziness, nausea, insomnia, or other symptoms that may be associated with antidepressant withdrawal.

Your doctor can assess your condition and decide if you need help. If symptoms are severe or do not go away after a few days, you may be asked to restart the medicine and take it for a longer period of time.

1. 1. • Do not stop treatment yourself! This solution can be dangerous.
      • Be sure to discuss the decision with your doctor! Only he can give useful advice and recommendations in cases where problems arise during the period of drug withdrawal.

In general, properly discontinued treatment should leave a feeling of ease and comfort. If you’re having trouble canceling, don’t panic – it can almost always be fixed. Just remember that only a qualified professional can give you advice based on research into your health and your specific situation.

How to approach discontinuation of treatment with different types of antidepressants

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

When discontinuing treatment with SSRIs, the dose should be gradually reduced under the supervision of a physician. Abrupt withdrawal of the drug can lead to such manifestations as dizziness, nausea, anxiety, insomnia and headaches. To reduce and relieve symptoms, you can contact a psychotherapist and use relaxation and meditation methods.

Third-generation antidepressants

For third-generation antidepressants such as sertraline, venlafaxine and duloxetine, a similar approach to stopping treatment. It is necessary to gradually reduce the dose under the supervision of a physician and additionally consult a psychotherapist to reduce symptoms. You should also pay attention to a healthy lifestyle and proper nutrition, which can help reduce many of the symptoms.

Tricyclic antidepressants

When stopping treatment with tricyclic antidepressants such as amiitriptyline and imipramine, a doctor’s visit is necessary to gradually reduce the dose. An important point is the competent choice of additional methods to reduce the manifestations of symptoms through lifestyle changes and the use of alternative methods of treatment.

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors

When treated with antidepressants of the monoamine oxidase inhibitor type, do not stop abruptly without medical supervision. This can lead to a sharp increase in blood pressure and serious mental disorders. To stop treatment, you must definitely consult a doctor who will select the most optimal strategy for the gradual cessation of treatment.

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Q&A:

What happens if I stop taking antidepressants on my own?

Stopping antidepressants without consulting your doctor can lead to unpleasant symptoms such as depression or irritability, insomnia, dizziness, nausea, and even suicidal thoughts. Therefore, before stopping antidepressants, be sure to consult with your doctor so that he develops an individual drug withdrawal regimen for you.

How long should I continue taking antidepressants?

The duration of antidepressant treatment depends on many factors: the presence and degree of depressive disorder, the patient’s individual characteristics, the results of therapy, etc. Usually, doctors recommend taking antidepressants for at least 6 months to prevent recurrence of the disease. However, sometimes it may be necessary to continue the course up to a year or even more.

Can I take antidepressants for several years?

Yes, in some cases antidepressants may be taken for several years. However, it is necessary to regularly consult with your doctor and evaluate the results of treatment. The doctor may suggest lowering the dose of the drug or changing it to a different one if it is necessary to increase the effectiveness of therapy and reduce the risk of side effects.

What unpleasant symptoms can occur when antidepressants are stopped?

When antidepressants are discontinued, the following unpleasant symptoms may appear: depression or irritability, insomnia, dizziness, nausea, increased sensitivity to sounds and light, loss of appetite, loss of interest in life, suicidal thoughts. Therefore, before the abolition of antidepressants, it is necessary to consult a doctor and agree with him on an individual drug withdrawal regimen.

What is the correct antidepressant withdrawal regimen?

The antidepressant withdrawal regimen should be individualized and developed by the clinician based on many factors such as duration of treatment, dosage, presence of comorbidities, etc. Usually, the antidepressant withdrawal regimen involves a gradual reduction in the dose of the drug over several weeks or months. This avoids the occurrence of unpleasant symptoms when the drugs are discontinued.

Can one antidepressant be substituted for another?

Yes, switching from one antidepressant to another may be recommended by your doctor if you want to improve the effectiveness of treatment or reduce the risk of side effects. Also, the replacement of the drug may be necessary if the patient does not tolerate the effects of the drug or there are contraindications to taking it. However, the replacement of an antidepressant should take place under the supervision of a physician and in compliance with an individual treatment regimen.

Antidepressant withdrawal syndrome. Symptoms and overcoming

Author Asya Melkonyan, psychologist Hits 2.8k. Posted by 06/14/2022 Updated 03/07/2023

Contents

Antidepressant withdrawal occurs in about 20% of patients after abrupt discontinuation of treatment.

Typical withdrawal symptoms include: flu-like symptoms, insomnia, nausea, imbalance, sensory disturbances, and irritability.

These symptoms are usually mild, last one to two weeks, and disappear quickly when antidepressants are restarted.

Do not stop your medications unless directed by your doctor. This is usually done gradually, the dosage is reduced every few days. But in the case of a phase inversion, when you switch from depression to hypomania or mania, withdrawal may occur more quickly.

If you are considering changing or stopping antidepressants, you need to know how your body may respond to chemical changes in the body, and it is even more important to know how you can help ease withdrawal symptoms.

Best possible situation: you don’t even need to read this article because there is no syndrome (hooray!).

Another option: you are experiencing withdrawal reactions, but you are ready for them and you know that they are temporary.

What are the possible symptoms?

May present as physical symptoms, eg headache, weakness, palpitations, nausea.

So psychiatric: sleep disturbance, anxiety, panic attacks, irritability, suicidal thoughts.

At the same time, it is important to remember that it is quite difficult to distinguish between withdrawal symptoms and recurring signs of depression and only a psychiatrist can do this.

Withdrawal is more common with antidepressants with a short half-life. These drugs include paroxetine, fluoxetine (Prozac), duloxetine, and venlafaxine. Sudden discontinuation of tricyclic antidepressants may also result in a withdrawal syndrome.

How long will it take?

Ask your doctor how long withdrawal symptoms for a particular drug can last. It usually lasts from two days to three weeks. People and drugs are different. If withdrawal symptoms continue for longer, make an appointment with your doctor and let him know what’s going on.

What determines the duration of symptoms?

The duration of symptoms depends on the half-life of the antidepressant. The half-life is a measure of how long it takes for the amount of the drug’s active ingredient in the body to be halved.

Why does antidepressant withdrawal occur?

Most often, it occurs in the event of a spontaneous interruption of treatment or a change in the patient’s drug regimen. It often happens when a patient changes the treatment regimen after feeling an improvement.

It can also occur if the patient forgets to take pills. Withdrawal symptoms occur due to a break between the intake of a substance in the body.

Sometimes it can happen in the morning if you are taking drugs with a short half-life only in the morning. In this case, you should consult with your doctor and try to split the dose in half.

How else does antidepressant withdrawal occur?

Many symptoms are associated with depression or anxiety, so it’s worth keeping an eye on how you feel and how long it lasts. Often, withdrawal syndrome manifests as:

• Panic attacks
• Poor motor coordination
• Strong emotionality
• Dizziness or inability to concentrate
• Insomnia and/or nightmares
• Fever
• Strange twitches and “thumps”
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea

This does not sound very pleasant. Withdrawal is not the most pleasant thing. But if you’re experiencing any of the above, remember: it won’t last forever. Everything will be alright. We have a list of tips to help you get through this difficult time.

How to stop antidepressants?

It’s easy to make a decision like, “I don’t want to burden the doctor” and start changing or stopping medication on your own. But please don’t change anything unless your doctor tells you to, even if it’s a small dose reduction. Antidepressants are helpful but potent, so it’s important to consult a professional for the slightest change.

When visiting a psychiatrist, ask how best to change treatment. Usually, your doctor can make a plan to reduce your dosage instead of stopping abruptly. If you start a new medication, it is likely that it will be introduced gradually while lowering the level of the current medication. This will help alleviate withdrawal symptoms.

Get ready for panic attacks

You may feel panic during antidepressant withdrawal— either intermittently or continuously.
If you have already experienced panic attacks, use the techniques that are already suitable for you. If you haven’t encountered them, place a paper bag next to your bed to breathe into during attacks. Practice deep breathing and count the objects in the room until your heartbeat stops.

Cry

Tears go hand in hand with panic attacks. In some cases, you can be very tearful. Our advice is to cry if you want to. You shouldn’t be ashamed of it, and honestly, thanks to tears, you can feel quite refreshed. Do not be afraid.

What to do with withdrawal syndrome?

Free up time in case it occurs.

Especially if you stop treatment completely, take a week or two off the hard stuff to deal with it. Even a couple of days off can help. Give yourself time to adjust.

Of course, not everyone can take a day off at any time, but you can start to “put away” the drugs before the weekend, or at least clear your schedule. If you’re feeling really bad from withdrawal, stay in bed as much as you can.