Here’s how to tell if you have a spider bite and how to treat them

Unless you’re Spider-Man, getting bit by an eight-legged critter is something most of us will do anything to avoid, and with good reason: At best, getting bitten by a spider is an icky, slightly painful experience. But at worst, it can be a life-threatening nightmare.

The good news is out of the 3,000 or so types of spiders in the U.S., only a handful are known to bite, and of those, only about three have powerful enough venom to put your life at risk, according to research published in American Family Physician.

But if you don’t happen to be a spider expert, how do you know if your spider bite is cause for serious concern, or how to make the itching and burning stop? The Instagram photos below (all reviewed by experts) will give you an idea of what different types of spider bites look like — and what you should do if you spot one on your body.

Just be warned: Some of these photos are pretty graphic.

1) First: How can you be sure it’s a spider bite?

Sometimes, spiders leave behind two distinct puncture holes right next to each other — but unless you actually see the spider do the deed, it’s hard to know if these marks are caused by an arachnid or another biting bug.

In fact, the vast majority of “spider bites” are actually bites from other insects like fleas, ticks and mosquitoes; a rash from an allergic reaction; or skin abscesses from an infection, says Justin Arnold, D.O., assistant professor of emergency medicine at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and the associate medical director of the Alabama Regional Poison Control Center at Children’s of Alabama.

The symptoms are often similar, too — pain, swelling, itching and redness — so it’s an easy mistake to make. In fact, even spider experts and medical professionals have a hard time differentiating bug bites from spider bites just from visuals Arnold adds.

“Many people don’t recall an injury or specific bite and hold a common belief that a spider must have bitten them without them knowing,” he says. “In a majority of the cases that we see, a spider was never seen by patient and is not responsible for their infection.”

2) So what happens when a spider bite becomes infected?

While poisonous bites are rare, any bite — spider or otherwise — can turn serious if it becomes infected, says Arnold. There are three main complications that can arise from bites: cellulitis, blisters and swelling, says Arnold.

When a spider bite turns into cellulitis — a common (although painful) skin infection — a rash begins to spread around the wound and the skin becomes painful and hot to the touch.

Another common reaction to many spider bites is to get “weeping” blisters at the site (they look puffy and fluid-filled). Small blisters on their own, with no other symptoms, don’t necessarily need special care, but if a blister opens, it becomes at risk for infection, says Arnold.

Swelling is another very common symptom of insect or spider bites. Even though the swelling can get quite pronounced, it’s not necessarily a problem as long as it goes down within a few days. But if the swelling doesn’t go down, gets significantly worse or is accompanied by other symptoms, it’s time to call your doctor, says Arnold.

3) Jumping spider and wolf spider​ bites

The two most common spider bites are from house spiders, specifically the jumping spider and the wolf spider. While it can be scary to be bitten by any spider, these bites normally aren’t any more painful than a bee sting and shouldn’t cause problems beyond some redness, swelling and itching, Arnold says.

Treat these at home by washing the site with soap and water, using cold compresses and taking an ibuprofen to reduce pain and swelling, he adds.

4) Black widow spider bites

Of all of the spiders, black widows pose the greatest health threat to Americans, according to Rick Vetter, Ph. D., a spider expert in the department of entomology at the University of California, Riverside. Their bite is extremely painful and, while an antivenin (a.k.a. anti-venom) exists now, before it was discovered, about 5% of bitten people died.

Think you can ID a black widow bite on sight? Not so fast: The actual bite looks a lot like any other spider bite. However, they do tend to become more swollen and red than your general household spider bite, Vetter says.

Black widow spiders are tough to identify as well. Only female black widows have the characteristic, red hourglass-shaped marking on their backs. Male and immature black widows have tan and white stripes, Vetter says.

Because these types of bites are so serious, if you strongly suspect you were bitten by a black widow or you develop muscle cramping, abdominal and chest pain, high blood pressure, a racing heart and/or vomiting within two hours of a bite, go to the ER immediately, Arnold says.

5) Brown recluse spider bites

The brown recluse spider is one of the most venomous in America, but they are limited to very specific geographic regions — if you don’t live in one of these places, it’s highly unlikely you need to worry about this type of bite, Vetter says. Check out this map to see if you’re in the danger zone.

And despite what you may have heard, even where brown recluses are present, they rarely bite, he adds. To identify a brown recluse, look for six eyes arranged in pairs, although getting close enough to see the eye pattern on a spider sounds, frankly, terrifying.

Brown recluse spider bites do happen though and when they do, they are often described by “sharp, burning pain,” Arnold explains. Within several hours, the bite area becomes discolored and forms an ulcer that can takes several weeks to heal. In addition to the wound, individuals can also develop fevers, muscle aches and in rare cases severe anemia as a result of the venom.

Start by treating any bite at home with cold compresses and an antibiotic cream, but if you start to show severe symptoms, including a lot of swelling, increased pain, fever, spreading rash or other sign of infection, go to the doctor immediately, Arnold adds. There isn’t an antivenin, but they can treat the symptoms and manage the infection.

6) Hobo spider bites

The hobo spider is actually a pretty common house spider in the U.S., but despite some scary media reports, it’s not aggressive and will only bite if provoked, according to the U.S. Forest Service. In addition, about half of hobo spider bites are “dry,” meaning they contain no venom, the service adds.

If you do receive a venomous bite, within a few hours, it will become red and hard, similar to a mosquito bite, and within a day or two it will develop blisters. After the blisters open, a scab typically forms, along with a rash that often looks like a target or bull’s-eye.

Because these wounds can become necrotic (as in, infected to the point they start killing surrounding tissue) and can last for years in some cases, you should see a doctor immediately, Arnold says. There isn’t an antivenin, but they can treat the symptoms and manage any infection with antibiotics.

Hobo spiders can be hard to identify, according to the Forest Service. They are large and often have chevron-type markings on their backs, but these won’t be visible on darker-skinned adult spiders, which is why it’s important to get any bite checked out if it starts to show signs of infection or you see a target forming on your skin, Arnold says.

7) Tarantula bites

Tarantulas may look big and scary, but most of the North American varieties are fairly passive. And even while the bite itself can be painful, the venom is fairly benign and likely won’t cause long-term issues, Arnold says. Like most spider bites, tarantula bites can cause some swelling, itching and irritation.

However, he adds, tarantulas also have the ability to flick hairs off of their body and into your skin, which can be very irritating and painful. Furthermore some people are allergic to tarantula venom, which can make the bite even more inflamed, according to the National Institutes of Medicine.

Most of the time, it’s fine to try treating tarantula bites at home by washing the site, applying ice and taking ibuprofen, Arnold says. But if you find yourself having a more extreme reaction, including symptoms like rapid heart rate or difficulty breathing, get to an emergency room.

Spider bite | DermNet NZ

Author: Vanessa Ngan, Staff Writer, 2006.

Introduction

Spiders belong to the class of mainly terrestrial arthropods known as Arachnida. Medically significant classes of arachnids include spiders, ticks/mites and scorpions. Unfortunately through myths, legends and nowadays media, spiders have gained a reputation of being dangerous and harmful, and in some people instil a psychological fear known as arachnophobia. In reality, very few are dangerous to man and media reports exaggerating the dangers of spider bites are far out of proportion to the actual threat they pose.

Necrotic spider bite

Which spiders bite and may be harmful to man?

Latrodectus spp (widow spiders) are found throughout the world and known by many different common names according to country.

• Black widow (North America)
• Katipo (New Zealand)
• Red-back (Australia)
• Shoe-button (South Africa)

Loxosceles spp is found in South America, United States, Australia, and commonly in the tropics.

• Violin spiders
• Recluse spiders
• Brown recluse spiders
• Fiddleback spiders

Tegenaria agrestis (hobo spider) and Cheiracanthium (yellow sac spider) are found in the United States.

Phoneutria (banana spider) is found in Central and South America.

Atrax and Hadronyche (funnel-web spider) are found in Australia.

The venom produced by spider bites is generally either neurotoxic or cytotoxic. Web dwellers tend to have neurotoxic venom and non-web dwellers cytotoxic venom. Spiders of the Latrodectus genus produce neurotoxic venom, while the violin spider and yellow sac spider produce cytotoxic venom.

What are the signs and symptoms of a spider bite?

The signs and symptoms of a spider bite depend on many factors, these include:

• Neurotoxic or cytotoxic venom
• Amount of venom injected
• The health of the patient (e.g. any allergies)
• Age of the patient (small children and older persons are more adversely affected)
• Site of the bite.

The signs and symptoms from a bite from a spider with neurotoxic venom differ to those produced by a spider with cytotoxic venom. The severity of the symptoms depends on the species of the spider as the symptoms of bites from different species of Loxosceles can range from unremarkable (requiring no care), localised (usually self-healing), dermonecrotic (slow-healing ulcerated lesion requiring treatment), to systemic (vascular, renal damage and sometimes life-threatening).

Features of neurotoxic venom bite

• Affects neuromuscular junctions
• Severe pain in the chest and abdomen (cramp-like pains)
• Breathing difficulties, heart palpitations
• Nausea and vomiting
• Sweating, fever, excessive salivation
• Increased blood pressure
• Rash may develop
• Symptoms usually start about 1-3 hours after being bitten
• More severely affected are children and older persons

Features of cytotoxic venom bite

• Affects cellular tissue and usually restricted to the area of the bite
• Initial bite is painless but symptoms develop about 2–8 hours later, the area becomes painful and swollen
• Eventually, a blister may form over a necrotic lesion which then sloughs to create an ulcerated wound (up to 10cm)
• The ulcer will heal over months and leave behind a scar. In extreme cases, skin grafts may be necessary.
• In severe cases, systemic conditions may occur, such as thrombocytopenia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, renal failure

What are the dermatological features of a spider bite?

Widow spider bite

The skin around the site of the bite is red and two fang marks may be visible where the skin was penetrated. In untreated cases, a rash may develop after several days. Systemic symptoms are of more diagnostic value.

Violin or recluse spider bite

The dermatological features of these spider bites depend on the severity of the bite. In self-healing wounds, the bite site gets no worse than being swollen and red. With more serious bites a “bull’s eye” wound may form. This is characterised by a central red swollen blister that is separated from a peripheral bluish region by a white zone of firm swelling. If the bite turns a purplish colour within the first few hours, this usually indicates severe localised tissue death (necrosis) may occur. Over days the blister forms a scab, which hardens and falls off to leave behind an ulcerated depression. Healing can take weeks to months.

Interestingly, it appears that bites that become systemic do not also develop necrotic wounds. It is thought that in necrotic wounds the venom is localised in the tissue whereas in systemic reactions the venom is distributed quickly throughout the body without any localised effects.

Another spider bite

• Hobo spider results in dermonecrotic lesions similar to violin/recluse spider bites.
• Yellow sac causes a painful, red, swollen and itchy bite that may produce a slightly necrotic wound that heals without scarring.
• Banana spider has few dermatological features, mainly neurotoxic symptoms.
• Funnel-web causes sudden onset of neurotoxic symptoms, and the dermatological features insignificant in comparison.
• Whitetail spider may cause discomfort and redness but does not cause ulceration or any serious symptoms.

Do spider bites cause bacterial infection?

Although many people attribute an episode of bacterial infection (especially cellulitis and necrotising fasciitis) to an unseen spider bite, they are falsely blamed. Documented spider bites have not led to skin these infections.

What is the treatment for a spider bite?

One of the most important aspects in treating spider bites it to try and identify the offending spider. The venom of spider bites is quite variable hence identification of the spider can be of value in determining the management of the condition.

General measures that should occur after a spider bite include:

• • • Wash the area well with soap and water
    • Apply a cold flannel or ice pack wrapped in a cloth to the site
    • Give paracetamol for pain
    • Seek immediate emergency care for further treatment.

Depending on the identification of the offending spider and the severity of the bite, treatment may include:

• • • Muscle relaxants
    • Stronger pain relievers
    • Antihistamines to reduce swelling
    • Antibiotics for confirmed secondary infection
    • Supportive care
    • Antivenin.

Specific treatment for bites from certain spiders include:

• • Antivenin is available for bites by spiders of the Latrodectus and Loxosceles genera and is very effective if given soon after the bite.
  • Hydroxyzine (antihistamine) may be given to alter the necrotic lesion of bites from spiders of the Loxosceles genus.
  • Intravenous calcium gluconate alternating with methocarbamol to relieve muscle cramps caused by spiders belonging to the Latrodectus genus (e.g. black widow) (controversial).
  • It is possible that systemic steroids may be of benefit.

Blisters | Michigan Medicine

How old are you?

Less than 3 months

Less than 3 months

3 months to less than 3 years

3 months to less than 3 years

3 years or older

3 years or older

Are you male or female?

Why do we ask this question?

• If you are transgender or nonbinary, choose the sex that matches the body parts (such as ovaries, testes, prostate, breasts, penis, or vagina) you now have in the area where you are having symptoms.
• If your symptoms aren’t related to those organs, you can choose the gender you identify with.
• If you have some organs of both sexes, you may need to go through this triage tool twice (once as “male” and once as “female”). This will make sure that the tool asks the right questions for you.

Have you been burned, had an electrical shock, or inhaled smoke or fumes?

Yes

Burn, electrical shock, or smoke inhalation

No

Burn, electrical shock, or smoke inhalation

Do you think you may have a fever?

Do you have blisters on your forehead, eyelid, or nose?

Blisters in this area may be a sign of shingles and may cause serious eye problems.

Are there red streaks leading away from the area or pus draining from it?

Do you have diabetes, a weakened immune system, peripheral arterial disease, or any surgical hardware in the area?

“Hardware” includes things like artificial joints, plates or screws, catheters, and medicine pumps.

Yes

Diabetes, immune problems, peripheral arterial disease, or surgical hardware in affected area

No

Diabetes, immune problems, peripheral arterial disease, or surgical hardware in affected area

Do you have a new rash in the shape of a band or a strip on just one side of the body?

Yes

New band-shaped rash on one side

No

New band-shaped rash on one side

Has the pain lasted for more than 2 days?

Yes

Pain for more than 2 days

No

Pain for more than 2 days

Is the itching severe?

Severe means that you are scratching so hard that your skin is cut or bleeding.

Has the itching interfered with sleeping or normal activities for more than 2 days?

Yes

Itching has disrupted sleep or normal activities for more than 2 days

No

Itching has disrupted sleep or normal activities for more than 2 days

Do you have patches of itchy blisters that keep coming back?

Yes

Recurrent patches of itchy blisters

No

Recurrent patches of itchy blisters

Do you think that a medicine could be causing the blisters?

Think about whether you started getting blisters after you began using a new medicine or a higher dose of a medicine.

Yes

Medicine may be causing blisters

No

Medicine may be causing blisters

Have you had blisters for more than 2 weeks?

Yes

Blisters for more than 2 weeks

No

Blisters for more than 2 weeks

Many things can affect how your body responds to a symptom and what kind of care you may need. These include:

• Your age. Babies and older adults tend to get sicker quicker.
• Your overall health. If you have a condition such as diabetes, HIV, cancer, or heart disease, you may need to pay closer attention to certain symptoms and seek care sooner.
• Medicines you take. Certain medicines, such as blood thinners (anticoagulants), medicines that suppress the immune system like steroids or chemotherapy, herbal remedies, or supplements can cause symptoms or make them worse.
• Recent health events, such as surgery or injury. These kinds of events can cause symptoms afterwards or make them more serious.
• Your health habits and lifestyle, such as eating and exercise habits, smoking, alcohol or drug use, sexual history, and travel.

Try Home Treatment

You have answered all the questions. Based on your answers, you may be able to take care of this problem at home.

• Try home treatment to relieve the symptoms.
• Call your doctor if symptoms get worse or you have any concerns (for example, if symptoms are not getting better as you would expect). You may need care sooner.

Symptoms of infection may include:

• Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness in or around the area.
• Red streaks leading from the area.
• Pus draining from the area.
• A fever.

Symptoms of serious illness may include:

• A severe headache.
• A stiff neck.
• Mental changes, such as feeling confused or much less alert.
• Extreme fatigue (to the point where it’s hard for you to function).
• Shaking chills.

Symptoms of serious illness in a baby may include the following:

• The baby is limp and floppy like a rag doll.
• The baby doesn’t respond at all to being held, touched, or talked to.
• The baby is hard to wake up.

You may need a tetanus shot depending on how dirty the wound is and how long it has been since your last shot.

• For a dirty wound that has things like dirt, saliva, or feces in it, you may need a shot if:
  • You haven’t had a tetanus shot in the past 5 years.
  • You don’t know when your last shot was.
• For a clean wound, you may need a shot if:
  • You have not had a tetanus shot in the past 10 years.
  • You don’t know when your last shot was.

Pain in adults and older children

• Severe pain (8 to 10): The pain is so bad that you can’t stand it for more than a few hours, can’t sleep, and can’t do anything else except focus on the pain.
• Moderate pain (5 to 7): The pain is bad enough to disrupt your normal activities and your sleep, but you can tolerate it for hours or days. Moderate can also mean pain that comes and goes even if it’s severe when it’s there.
• Mild pain (1 to 4): You notice the pain, but it is not bad enough to disrupt your sleep or activities.

Pain in children under 3 years

It can be hard to tell how much pain a baby or toddler is in.

• Severe pain (8 to 10): The pain is so bad that the baby cannot sleep, cannot get comfortable, and cries constantly no matter what you do. The baby may kick, make fists, or grimace.
• Moderate pain (5 to 7): The baby is very fussy, clings to you a lot, and may have trouble sleeping but responds when you try to comfort him or her.
• Mild pain (1 to 4): The baby is a little fussy and clings to you a little but responds when you try to comfort him or her.

Many prescription and nonprescription medicines, including some that you put directly on the skin, may cause blisters. A few examples are:

• Antibiotics.
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen (for example, Advil or Motrin), naproxen (for example, Aleve), or piroxicam (for example, Feldene).
• Medicines you put on your skin (topical medicines), such as Neosporin or benzocaine (for example, Anbesol, Hurricaine, or Orajel), and ethylenediamine, which is used in some topical medicines.
• Seizure medicines.

Certain health conditions and medicines weaken the immune system’s ability to fight off infection and illness. Some examples in adults are:

• Diseases such as diabetes, cancer, heart disease, and HIV/AIDS.
• Long-term alcohol and drug problems.
• Steroid medicines, which may be used to treat a variety of conditions.
• Chemotherapy and radiation therapy for cancer.
• Other medicines used to treat autoimmune disease.
• Medicines taken after organ transplant.
• Not having a spleen.

Seek Care Today

Based on your answers, you may need care soon. The problem probably will not get better without medical care.

• Call your doctor today to discuss the symptoms and arrange for care.
• If you cannot reach your doctor or you don’t have one, seek care today.
• If it is evening, watch the symptoms and seek care in the morning.
• If the symptoms get worse, seek care sooner.

Call 911 Now

Based on your answers, you need emergency care.

Call 911 or other emergency services now.

Sometimes people don’t want to call 911. They may think that their symptoms aren’t serious or that they can just get someone else to drive them. Or they might be concerned about the cost. But based on your answers, the safest and quickest way for you to get the care you need is to call 911 for medical transport to the hospital.

Seek Care Now

Based on your answers, you may need care right away. The problem is likely to get worse without medical care.

• Call your doctor now to discuss the symptoms and arrange for care.
• If you cannot reach your doctor or you don’t have one, seek care in the next hour.
• You do not need to call an ambulance unless:
  • You cannot travel safely either by driving yourself or by having someone else drive you.
  • You are in an area where heavy traffic or other problems may slow you down.

Make an Appointment

Based on your answers, the problem may not improve without medical care.

• Make an appointment to see your doctor in the next 1 to 2 weeks.
• If appropriate, try home treatment while you are waiting for the appointment.
• If symptoms get worse or you have any concerns, call your doctor. You may need care sooner.

Burns and Electric Shock

Blisters | Signature Medical Group

Blisters are fluid-filled bumps that look like bubbles on the skin. You may get a blister on your foot when you wear new shoes that rub against your skin. Or you may get one on your hand when you work in the garden without wearing gloves. Home treatment is often all that’s needed for this type of blister.

Other types of injuries to the skin can cause a blister. They include:

• Burns from exposure to heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation from the sun, or friction.
• Cold injuries from being exposed to cold or freezing temperatures.
• Some spider bites, such as a bite from a brown recluse spider. Symptoms of a brown recluse spider bite include reddened skin followed by a blister that forms at the bite site, pain and itching, and an open sore with a breakdown of tissue (necrosis) that occurs within a few hours to 3 to 4 days after the bite. This sore may take months to heal.
• Pinching the skin forcefully, like when a finger gets caught in a drawer. A blood blister may form if tiny blood vessels are damaged.

Infection can cause either a single blister or clusters of blisters.

• Chickenpox (varicella) is a common contagious illness. It’s caused by a type of herpes virus. Chickenpox blisters start as red bumps. They turn into blisters and then scab over. Chickenpox is most contagious from 2 to 3 days before a rash appears until all the blisters have crusted over.
• Shingles is caused by the same virus that causes chickenpox. It’s often seen in older adults. Shingles blisters look like chickenpox. But they usually form in a band on one side of the body.
• Hand-foot-and-mouth disease is another type of viral infection. It most often occurs in young children. Symptoms include a rash of small sores or blisters that usually appear on the hands and feet and in the mouth.
• Cold sores are clusters of small blisters on the lip and outer edge of the mouth. They’re sometimes called fever blisters. They are caused by the herpes simplex virus. Cold sore-type blisters that form in the genital area may be caused by a genital herpes infection.
• Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection. Its blisters often occur on the face. They burst and become crusty (honey-colored crusts).
• Infected hair follicles (folliculitis) cause red, tender areas that turn into blisters at or near the base of strands of hair.
• A scabies infection occurs when mites burrow into the skin. It may cause tiny, itchy blisters that often form in a thin line or curved track.
• Bedbugs can cause tiny, itchy blisters anywhere on the body.

Inflammation may cause skin blisters.

• Contact dermatitis occurs when skin touches something in the environment that causes an allergic reaction.
• Blisters may form from a disease that causes your body to attack your own skin ( autoimmune disease).

Sometimes a prescription or nonprescription medicine or ointment, such as antibiotics or pain medicine, can cause blisters. The blisters may be small or large. They most often occur with red, itchy skin. If the blisters aren’t severe and you don’t have other symptoms, stopping the use of the medicine or ointment may be all that’s needed. Blisters may also occur as a symptom of a toxic reaction to a medicine. This reaction is called Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Blisters that occur with other signs of illness, such as a fever or chills, may mean a more serious problem.

Brown Recluse Spider Bite | BadSpiderBites.

com

The brown recluse spider bite, like many other spider bites, is extremely hard to feel; if anything, the bite would feel like a pinprick if even noticed at all. The brown recluse is one of four poisonous spiders. In fact, only 60 out of 20,000 species of spiders are actually capable of biting at all.

The brown recluse is not an aggressive spider and the only way on would bite is if they feel threatened. This is usually cased by the brown recluse feeling trapped, which can happen if they are caught in clothes, or pressed between skin and another surface.
 

Spider Bite Reaction

Note: The two pictures below are of a bite to an individual from East Texas. To see how everything turned out in this case, take a look at kcfac.kilgore.cc.tx.us/mobleypageap1/brown_recluse.htm. To see additional pictures of Brown Recluse bites, continue reading.

The Initial Brown Recluse Spider Bite

Two Weeks Later!

The physical reaction to a brown recluse spider bite depends on the amount of venom injected and also the way the victim’s body reacts to the venom. Some do not react at all to a brown recluse spider bite, while others can be severely injured. While some notice the bite right away due to immense pain, others do not notice the bite for several hours, which can be extremely dangerous.

Some reactions due to brown recluse spider bites are a fever, the chills, itching, going into shock, vomiting, as well as restlessness. Initially a small white blister will appear where the brown recluse bit, the skin surrounding the newly form blister will also become swollen. Later as the area becomes infected it will get extremely red in color and the tissue also becomes rather hard.

Brown Recluse Bite

The bite from a Brown Recluse Spider is usually dry, blue-gray or blue-white, with an irregular sinking patch with torn edges and extremely red. The deep and sore wound from the brown recluse usually takes a very long time to heal. Death usually will not occur, however the risk is higher in young children and the elderly.

When there is a reaction to the brown recluse’s venom the bite actually forms into almost what is like a volcano lesion. The open wound can range anywhere from a few centimeters to a few inches in size. The open sour can take anywhere from 6 to 8 weeks to heal completely, and after that the entire recovery can take several months.

Brown Recluse Spider Bite Treatment

Victims should seek medical attention immediately after being bit by any spider due to the fact that many are unaware if a spider is poisonous or not. It is extremely helpful to bring in the actual spider, if possible, so that the doctor can identify whether or not the bite is dangerous or not. Many doctors will give high doses of cortisone-type hormones to help defeat hemolysis and other systemic complications. Other treatment depending on the case sometimes is also administered.

What are the Symptoms of a Spider Bite?

It can be incredibly annoying to wake up with an unexplained insect bite, and it’s even worse if that bite is itchy, red or swollen. But while it can be tempting to label that mysterious bite as a spider bite, you’d likely be wrong.

The symptoms of a spider bite are similar to other insect bites. Research shows that more than 80 percent of “spider bites” were actually caused by other types of insects.

Here are seven of the most common spider bite symptoms and signs.

The bite has two puncture marks.

It’s not always easy to see, but a true spider bite will present itself with two puncture marks. The spider’s fangs cause these marks when they pierce the skin.

The bite typically does not hurt badly.

Bites from non-venomous spiders hurt less than a bee sting for most people. In fact, some may not even notice they’ve been bitten until the site swells or reddens.

The bite hurt, and the pain got worse.

Venomous spiders like the black widow, brown recluse and hobo spiders can cause painful bites. Depending on which of these types of spiders bit you, the symptoms of a spider bite include a sharp or stinging pain that spreads to other areas of the body. In the case of recluse bites, the pain may not be felt initially, but can develop hours later. If you are bitten and feel that kind of pain, contact a medical professional immediately.

The bite swells or reddens.

These are some common indications of spider bites. Symptoms include reddening or swelling at the site where you were bitten, and the site may also develop a blue, black or red discolored spot.

The bite develops into a sore.

Spider bites often turn into small sores. In most cases, these sores heal in a few days. In cases where the bite was venomous, such as a brown recluse bite, the sore becomes a lesion that can eat away healthy tissue. If tissue necrosis occurs, seek medical treatment immediately.

There is only one visible bite.

While spider bites can be confused with the bites of other insects, a spider bite typically occurs as a single bite. Most spiders are not aggressive insects. They will withdraw from a conflict and only bite as a last resort. Spiders are usually only able to bite once before they are crushed or killed.

You see or catch the spider that bit you.

The best way to tell which type of spider bite you have is to catch the spider that bit you. While some spiders have easy markers, like the black widows’ distinctive triangles or the brown recluses’ violin shape, others are harder to distinguish. If you are experiencing symptoms of a spider bite and have the offender with you, it may help doctors determine the best treatment method for you.

For most spider bites, the Centers for Disease Control and the Mayo Clinic recommend the RICE method (rest, ice, compression and elevation). If you are experiencing severe symptoms of spider bites, it is important to seek medical treatment.

Are you seeing a lot of spiders in and around your home? Consider calling a pest management professional to help you make sure that your home is safe from these pests.

Necrotic Skin Lesions: Spider Bite-or Something Else?

Patients often attribute the otherwise unexplained development of a dermonecrotic lesion to a spider bite. This self-diagnosis is rarely corroborated by evidence, however. The spider is seldom seen by the patient, let alone recovered for identification, and the bite is often not felt.

Although spider bites can produce dermonecrotic wounds, the differential diagnosis of such lesions is extensive. Most of the conditions in the differential are far more common than spider bites. Thus, we suggest that you approach the complaint of a “spider bite” with a skeptical eye.

Here we describe the clinical features of spider bites and summarize the treatment options. We also examine the reasons why the diagnosis of “spider bite” remains a popular explanation for any unexplained dermonecrotic lesion, and we review the conditions in the differential diagnosis of such lesions.

SPIDER BITES: AN OVERVIEW
Spiders have complex and specialized feeding strategies; they often use webs to capture and eat insects and other small arthropods. Unlike insects that feed on human blood or serum, spiders have no reason to bite humans. Thus, a spider bite must be considered an anomaly that probably resulted from human actions which induced the arthropod to bite in self-defense.

In most cases, the medical consequences of a spider bite are minor. Typically, the bite causes limited local tissue inflammation similar to the bites and stings of other small arthropods, and patients respond well to over-the-counter analgesics and antihistamines, if any treatment is needed. Systemic effects, if they occur, are typically mild.

The bites of only a few spider species produce medically significant effects in humans. In the United States, the brown recluse (Figure 1) and the black widow (Figure 2) are the 2 best-known species that can cause serious illness.

Brown recluse spider. The brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa) is endemic in the south central states, from Texas to the Carolinas, and as far north as Iowa and Illinois (Figure 3). ¹ Other Loxosceles species in the Southwest cause fewer reported bites, and their envenomations are typically less severe.

The brown recluse spider is tan to brown and has a darker mark on the dorsal cephalothorax that resembles a violin; hence, its other common names, violin spider and fiddleback. As its name implies, the brown recluse spider dwells in low-traffic areas, such as attics, basements, and woodpiles. In states where the spider is endemic, hundreds or even thousands of brown recluse spiders may be found in a single home, yet no one in the household has been bitten.²

Clinical features. Patients who have been bitten by a brown recluse spider may report a pinprick sensation, although the bite may be painless. Bites most commonly occur when a person disturbs a spider after he or she puts on clothes that were left on the floor or rolls over in bed onto the arthropod. Brown recluse spiders are nonaggressive toward humans; however, when they feel threatened, they may bite in self-defense.

The local inflammation and tissue necrosis associated with brown recluse spider bites results from the spider’s venom, which contains enzymes and other products. Within 2 to 6 hours, the bite site becomes pruritic and burning pain, erythema, and swelling develop (Figure 4). Over the next several hours or days, a hemorrhagic vesicle appears and then ulcerates. Progression of the lesion results in a central bluish necrotic depression within surrounding erythema. A blanched ring may form around the necrotic area because of local vasoconstriction, giving the entire lesion a “red, white, and blue” appearance (Figure 5). The necrotic area then forms an eschar, which can take several weeks or months to heal (Figure 6).

Systemic signs and symptoms-such as arthralgia, rash, fever, vomiting, and hemolysis-are rare (between 0. 7% and 1.8% of reported bites). The incidence of systemic loxoscelism is higher in children, perhaps because of the greater amount of venom injected per kilogram of body weight than in adults.

Management. Brown recluse spider bites have been treated with antibiotics, antihistamines, corticosteroids, dapsone, hyperbaric oxygen, nitroglycerine patches, surgical excision, and even direct high-voltage current from a stun gun. Few of these treatments have been tested, and none have proved beneficial.^3,4 In most cases, the lesions heal with standard local wound care. Because the initial lesion results from envenomation rather than a bacterial infection, empiric antibiotic therapy is inappropriate. However, consider antibiotic therapy if you suspect a secondary infection of the lesion.

Black widow spider. Several Latrodectus species in North America are known as black widow spiders, although their native territories have considerable overlap. Latrodectus hesperus is primarily found in the West, Latrodectus mactans in the Southeast, and Latrodectus variolus in the Northeast. Unless one is close enough to observe the small differences in the shape of the red or red-orange mark on the ventral abdomen, these spiders are essentially identical and may be considered together as a group. L hesperus has the most characteristic hourglass-shaped mark, L mactans has an anvil-shaped mark, and L variolus has 2 red blobs.

Black widow spiders are found typically in garages, barns, sheds, and woodpiles and on outdoor furniture and classically in outhouses. Female black widow spiders have shiny, black, globular bodies about 1 cm in diameter. They are usually seen hanging ventral side-up from their webs. Male black widow spiders, which are a fraction of the size of their female counterparts, have smaller fangs that cannot penetrate human skin.

Common popular myth holds that female black widow spiders always consume the male spiders after mating. This behavior has been observed more commonly in laboratory conditions than in the wild; thus, it may be stress-induced, and its incidence varies between species within the Latrodectus genus.

Clinical features. Persons who are bitten by a black widow spider may feel a sharp pinprick or nothing at all. The a-latrotoxin in the venom causes uncontrolled release of acetylcholine and norepinephrine neurotransmitters from presynaptic sites, resulting in painful muscle cramping and signs of adrenergic excess.

Patients often complain of moderate to severe pain that spreads from the bite area and may become generalized.^5,6 Bites on the arm or neck may thus present with chest pain; those on the leg or perineum may present with back or lower abdominal pain. Because of the involuntary muscular spasm, diaphoresis, and hypertension associated with severe envenomations, black widow bites can be mistaken for an acute abdomen or myocardial infarction.⁷

Classically, a target lesion appears at the site of a black widow spider bite that consists of a small patch of pallor (about the size of a dime [approximately 15 mm]), caused by intense local vasoconstriction, surrounded by a rim of erythema. ⁶ One or 2 puncture marks may be seen in the center of the lesion.

The signs and symptoms of black widow spider envenomation typically wax and wane over 24 to 48 hours. During this time, clinicians can mistakenly assume that their interventions were successful, when in fact the patient’s symptoms resolved on their own.⁵ Prematurely discharged patients who are given an inadequate supply of analgesics often return for evaluation when their symptoms recur. In some cases, symptoms can last several days.⁸ Although black widow spider bites can be painful and distressing, death is exceedingly rare.

Management. Patients who present with black widow spider bites may be treated with supportive and symptomatic care. Intravenous opiate analgesia, with or without benzodiazepines, is usually sufficient. In a study of 163 patients, intravenous calcium gluconate showed no benefit.⁶

Treatment of systemic latrodectism with black widow spider antivenin remains controversial. The currently available antivenin greatly shortens the duration of symptoms and prevents their recurrence; however, it is associated with a small risk of allergic reactions.⁶ In the United States, the last reported death related to black widow spider envenomation resulted from anaphylaxis to the antivenin. In this case, the patient had a history of significant obstructive pulmonary disease, which is generally considered a contraindication to serotherapy.⁹

Although inherently no more dangerous than other commonly used horse serum-derived antivenins (eg, Crotaline snake antivenin), the black widow spider antivenin has been used infrequently in the United States over the past several years, probably because of concerns about its safety profile. The decision to use black widow spider antivenin hinges on your assessment of the therapy’s potential benefit and risks as well as the severity of the patient’s illness.

WHY MISDIAGNOSIS PERSISTS
At least 3 reasons account for the persistent misdiagnosis of unexplained lesions as spider bites by many patients and some health care professionals:

• Arachnophobia is a common fear. It is easy, and perhaps oddly comforting, to ascribe unexplained and potentially frightening symptoms to spider bites. In the United States, the spider most commonly implicated as the cause of dermonecrotic lesions is the brown recluse (Box).^10-13

• Patients often have difficulty in accepting that a medical problem has an endogenous origin. They prefer to blame an external agent, such as a poison or envenomation.

• Some health care professionals may find it easier to rely on the diagnosis of “spider bite” than to generate an adequate differential diagnosis for a skin lesion of unknown origin.

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
Although spider bites can produce dermonecrotic wounds, the differential diagnosis of such lesions is extensive; it includes microbial infections, dermatologic disorders, vasculitides, and environmental exposures (Table).^14-16

We use the term “idiopathic dermonecrotic skin lesion” for lesions ascribed to spider bites that defy easy diagnosis. Empiric antibiotic therapy is often indicated because many of these lesions are, in fact, caused by bacterial infection.^15,16Patients whose condition does not improve with this treatment, or whose lesions are not consistent with infection, may require further workup. Dermatology referral may be indicated in some cases.

Bacterial cellulitis. Most patients with alleged spider bites have bacterial cellulitis, which is often caused by community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA).^17-21 This bacterium is an emerging cause of skin and soft issue infections worldwide.

Click to Enlarge

The classic CA-MRSA lesion appears as an area of cellulitis around a darker purpuric center with overlying dermonecrosis (Figure 7). The central necrosis of the CA-MRSA lesion, unlike that of the brown recluse spider bite, is usually slightly raised from the surrounding skin, because of edema or an underlying abscess. Patients with a CA-MRSA infection who claim to have a spider bite rarely report feeling a bite or seeing a spider and often admit that a friend or family member suggested this was the cause.

 CA-MRSA strains are generally resistant to the b-lactam drugs (eg, oral cephalexin) used to treat skin and soft tissue infections. Effective antibiotic choices for CA-MRSA include vancomycin, daptomycin, tigecycline, and linezolid, when intravenous administration is indicated, or clindamycin, doxycycline, linezolid, minocycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), when oral therapy will suffice.²²

Many of these drugs choices are rather expensive. In our experience, most patients with these lesions-frequently, parenteral drug abusers and recent prison inmates and their close contacts–have very limited financial resources. Fortunately, nearly all CA-MRSA strains reported to date are susceptible to TMP/SMX and clindamycin, which are relatively inexpensive options. Clindamycin, however, is not used as empiric monotherapy because many strains have inducible clindamycin resistance.

When outpatient oral therapy is deemed adequate, we treat presumed CA-MRSA infection with 2 drugs: TMP/SMX (1 double-strength tablet twice daily) and either clindamycin (300 mg 4 times daily) or doxycycline (100 mg bid). Treatment duration is 7 to 10 days, and generic formulations can be prescribed to reduce costs. Incision and drainage of any concurrent abscesses is also indicated.

EXNOERATING THE OFT-ACCUSED BROWN RECLUSE
The brown recluse-the spider most commonly implicated in alleged bites-lives and breeds predominantly in the south central United States. Yet complaints of brown recluse spider bites are ubiquitous.^10-12 In one study, a total of 216 cases of brown recluse spider bites were diagnosed in California, Oregon, Washington, and Colorado during a 41-month period, yet only 17 Loxosceles reclusa specimens have ever been verified in these states.¹⁰ Because public reporting of spider bite diagnoses is not required, the number of misdiagnoses noted in this study is likely a gross underestimate of the actual total.

When confronted with evidence of geographic improbability, patients with an alleged brown recluse spider bite commonly respond that the spider was recently imported from an area where it is endemic.¹³ In California, a common assumption is that the bite was caused by a cousin of the brown recluse spider (Loxosceles deserta). Maps of the number of reported spider bite cases in the United States indicate that the highest number of cases are in the most densely populated areas, irrespective of the spider’s confirmed habitat.¹⁰ These data suggest that the larger the population of a given area, the higher the incidence of dermo-necrotic lesions of unknown origin, which may be attributed to spider bites.

CLINICAL HIGHLIGHTS
•  Persons who have been bitten by a brown recluse spider have pruritus, burning pain, erythema, and swelling at the bite site within 2 to 6 hours. Over the next several hours or days, a hemorrhagic vesicle appears that ulcerates. Progression of the lesion results in a central bluish necrotic depression with surrounding erythema.

• Treat brown recluse spider bites with standard local wound care. Consider antibiotic therapy only if secondary infection develops.

• The classic lesion that appears after a black widow spider bite consists of a small pallid area surrounded by a rim of erythema. Associated pain can be severe. The signs and symptoms of black widow spider envenomation typically wax and wane over 24 to 48 hours and can last several days.

• For patients with black widow spider bites, intravenous opiate analgesia, with or without benzodiazepines, is usually sufficient. Antivenin greatly shortens the duration of symptoms and prevents their recurrence; however, it is associated with a risk of allergic reactions.

• Consider empiric antibiotic therapy for idiopathic dermonecrotic skin lesions because many of these lesions are caused by bacterial infection. If the patient’s condition does not respond to antibiotics, further workup or referral to a dermatologist may be warranted.

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Dermclinic: Brown Recluse Spider BiteTreating Spider Bites: Is Dapsone an Option?Is This the Bite of a Recluse or Hobo?Brown Recluse Spider Bite

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References:

REFERENCES:1.Swanson DL, Vetter RS. Bites of brown recluse spiders and suspected necrotic arachnidism. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:700-707.
2.Vetter RS, Barger DK. An infestation of 2,055 brown recluse spiders (Araneae: Sicariidae) and no envenomations in a Kansas home: implications for bite diagnoses in nonendemic areas. J Med Entomol. 2002;39:948-951.
3.Hogan CJ, Barbaro KC, Winkel K. Loxoscelism: old obstacles, new directions. Ann Emerg Med. 2004; 44:608-624.
4.Cacy J, Mold JW. The clinical characteristics of brown recluse spider bites treated by family physicians: an OKPRN Study. Oklahoma Physicians Research Network. J Fam Pract. 1999;48:536-542.
5.Saucier JR. Arachnid envenomation. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2004;22:405-422.
6.Clark R, Wethern-Kestner S, Vance M, Gerkin R. Clinical presentation and treatment of black widow spider envenomation: a review of 163 cases. Ann Emerg Med. 1992;21:782-787.
7.Bush SP. Black widow spider envenomation mimicking cholecystitis. Am J Emerg Med. 1999;17:315.
8.O’Malley GF, Dart RC, Kuffner EF. Successful treatment of latrodectism with antivenin after 90 hours. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:657.
9.Clark RF. The safety and efficacy of antivenin Latrodectus mactans. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2001;39: 125-127.
10.Vetter RS, Cushing PE, Crawford RL, Royce LA. Diagnoses of brown recluse spider bites (loxoscelism) greatly outnumber actual verifications of the spider in four western American states. Toxicon. 2003;42:413-418.
11.Vetter RS, Bush SP. Reports of presumptive brown recluse spider bites reinforce improbable diagnosis in regions of North America where the spider is not endemic. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35: 442-445.
12.Vetter RS, Edwards GB, James LF. Reports of envenomation by brown recluse spiders (Araneae: Sicariidae) outnumber verifications of Loxosceles spiders in Florida. J Med Entomol. 2004;41:593-597.
13.Suchard JR. Diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous anthrax. JAMA. 2002;288:43.
14.Isbister GK. Necrotic arachnidism: the mythology of a modern plague. Lancet. 2004;364:549-553.
15.Cacy J, Mold JW. The clinical characteristics of brown recluse spider bites treated by family physicians: an OKPRN study. Oklahoma Physicians Research Network. J Fam Pract. 1999;48:536-542.
16.Wright SW, Wrenn KD, Murray L, Seger D. Clinical presentation and outcome of brown recluse spider bite. Ann Emerg Med. 1997;30:28-32.
17.Frazee BW. Images in emergency medicine. Forearm furuncle resulting from community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Ann Emerg Med. 2005;45:244, 250.
18.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Public health dispatch: outbreaks of community- associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin infections–Los Angeles County, California, 2002-2003. MMWR. 2003;52:88.
19.Fagan SP, Berger DH, Rahwan K, Awad SS. Spider bites presenting with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus soft tissue infection require early aggressive treatment. Surg Infect. 2003;4: 311-315.
20.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in correctional facilities–Georgia, California, and Texas, 2001-2003. MMWR. 2003;52:992-996.
21.Dominguez TJ. It’s not a spider bite, it’s community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Am Board Fam Pract. 2004;17:220-226.
22. Treatment of community-associated MRSA infections. Med Lett. February 13, 2006:48(1227):13-14.

RELEVANT REVIEW

Swanson DL, Vetter RS. Bites of brown recluse spiders and suspected necrotic arachnidism. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:700-707.

90,000 How to treat a spider bite. What to do if bitten by a spider: first aid to the victim

What does a spider bite look like

spider bite the next day

Most spider bites share common characteristics such as a small blister (blister) in the middle, swelling and swelling surrounding the bite site, and large circular redness. On the outside of the bite site, the redness is paler. It is important to note that a spider can only bite once, so if you have several bites, it is probably not a spider who has bitten, but someone else, or several spiders have bitten at once.

A typical spider bite resolves within a few days and, in most cases, does not require special attention. However, if the bite site looks different, a large blister appears, bright redness that quickly spreads to the sides, blue discoloration of large areas of skin are serious signs of which you need to react immediately and go urgently to a medical institution. In the photo you can see the differences – what a bite of a safe spider looks like and a bite dangerous to health.

In order to provide first aid and treatment correctly, you need to know which spider bit the victim.Even if you did not have time to notice the “attacker”, knowing the symptoms and the ability to distinguish oh can help in a difficult situation.

These spiders got their name because they always settle near a human dwelling, or directly inside. In appearance, these are small gray, black or brown creatures that only rarely bite – unless you noticed and crushed it. This happens, for example, at night, when spiders are active and people are sleeping – in a dream you can try to drive away a creature traveling around you and get a bite in return.

The bite itself may be painful, but not for long (no more than a day) and not very intense. Apart from slight swelling, none of the listed general symptoms are usually observed (unless a person is allergic to a toxin). What to do if a spider bites at home? The best help is to apply ice or cold compress to the affected area.

Cross bite

These spiders are very common on the territory of our country, and at least once in his life everyone has come across him, even a convinced inhabitant of a metropolis who does not leave him for a minute.The spider got its name because of the light cross on the back.

He only bites a person who has turned up by chance, who has shown negligence towards a spider (you can stumble upon him, for example, picking mushrooms, walking in the forest, working in the garden). These spiders grow all summer long and can reach impressive sizes by September.

Is the cross spider dangerous to humans? Only in part: spider venom (it belongs to the category of hemolytic) is slightly toxic to humans. The bite will be a little painful, accompanied only by a burning sensation, aches, headaches, which disappear in a day.If you have allergies, you will definitely need the help of a doctor!

Tarantula bite

Although the spider has a very unpleasant appearance, it does not pose a mortal danger. In addition to poison, small hairs that the spider throws on the victim after a bite also have an irritating and allergenic effect: they develop pain syndrome and an itchy rash on the skin, and other allergic symptoms may also appear.

The tarantula lives in depressions in the steppe and desert, it is active exclusively at night.It feeds only on insects, so the intensity of its poison is designed for them, and in humans it can only cause soreness, redness and burning as a local reaction. Within 3-4 days, everything goes away, however, allergy sufferers may experience serious complications, so they need to immediately consult a doctor.

Tarantula bite

This spider is one of the tarantula subspecies, the most threatening in appearance: hairy, with long legs, large in size. Interestingly, this is a long-lived spider, females can live up to 40 years, and they live in holes-holes dug by them in the ground.In terms of the intensity of the effect, its poison is comparable to that of wasps and bees, and therefore tragic cases are possible only if there is an allergy to the bite or its infection. Usually, the symptoms are standard: pain, swelling and redness.

Although many tarantulas are intimidated by their “appearance”, there are quite a few people who keep these spiders in their homes as exotic pets. It’s funny that domestic spiders get used to their owners and even bite them without injecting poison, “dry” – and then only if they are careless, awkward when handling a spider.

It is brown in color with a beautiful violin pattern on the back. This species does not differ in aggressiveness, it bites only when a person’s actions threaten him: they attack, wave their arms and legs near his home, etc. And he chooses a secluded habitat itself: under the closet, in the crevices of the walls and floors, under various boxes, etc. – so it’s really easy to miss it.

Despite its small size and not the most formidable appearance, it is this spider that has a dangerous hemolytic poison that destroys red blood cells – erythrocytes.At first, you will not even notice the bite, or you will feel mild discomfort, such as a burning sensation and the formation of a small blister.

However, within half a day, much more serious reasons for anxiety appear: the pain becomes severe, accompanied by itching, fever and muscle pain (like with the flu), as well as nausea and vomiting. The bite site itself hardens and hardens, subsequent necrosis at the site of the blister and the appearance of ulcers that are difficult to heal are also possible.

Recorded deaths were attributed to impaired heart and kidney function.Because of the severely tolerable consequences, hermit spider bites require immediate assistance and often hospital treatment.

Bite of karakurt

This is one of those spiders whose bite is also particularly dangerous. It lives in the south of our country – small, black with a white mark on the abdomen. Like almost all other spiders, he bites only when there is a danger for him (for example, when he is stepped on). The very moment of the bite is not painful, after which a small spot forms on the skin.

However, literally 10-15 minutes later, a person begins to feel severe pain, and not only in the area of ​​the bite, but also in the stomach, chest and lower back. Almost all of the above symptoms are observed with a bite of a karakurt: headache, and dizziness, and weakness, and heart rhythm disturbances, and shortness of breath (up to respiratory arrest), and nausea with vomiting.

The danger lies in the high toxicity of the neurotoxin poison, which provokes general intoxication, which can even cause the death of a person.Therefore, the answer to the question “What to do with a spider bite?” here one: immediately call an ambulance or take the victim to the hospital.

Black Widow’s Bite

This is the terrifying name of the female karakurt – a black spider, young individuals of which have red spots on the abdomen. They are larger than males and more aggressive, and even within the framework of their species: after mating, it simply devours the male, hence the name.

The black widow bite itself is more painful than that of a male karakurt, and feels like a noticeable injection, after a couple of hours after which very serious consequences develop: in addition to everything listed in the description of the karakurt bite, a complex syndrome caused by a neurotoxin develops: a person becomes excited, his throws in sweat, pressure jumps, salivation increases, itching spreads to the whole body, eyelids and limbs swell and become heavy, fever rises, muscle spasms occur throughout the body, pain similar to a symptom of appendicitis may be observed, breathing becomes difficult.

As for the site of the bite, the soft tissues simply atrophy and gangrene occurs when infected. In a word, in terms of the consequences, the bite of a black widow is one of the most dangerous bites of spiders, which can even end in death (although this is rare – in young children, weakened or elderly people).

Spider bite “cross”

The most common spider on all continents is the cross spider. Its name is due to the appearance of this arthropod.It is easy to recognize the cross by the characteristic white dots on the back, forming a cross. The sizes of these spiders are not very large, although they can reach 2 cm without taking into account the spread of the legs.

The bite of a spider-spider is not dangerous to humans. Clinical manifestations are limited to local reactions in the form of redness of the skin, its local edema and painful reddened induration, accompanied by a burning sensation. Rarely, general reactions such as a short-term increase in body temperature and mild chills can occur.This is possible if hemolysins and other toxins enter the systemic circulation of a person with an unstable immune response.

In typical cases, all manifestations go away on their own after a few days. If this does not happen, it is advisable to apply cold to the bite site, lubricate it with alcohol or anti-inflammatory ointments (kremgen, sinaflan). In no case should you comb the bite site. This can cause an infection to enter the skin with the development of a purulent process.

Krestovik is a small creature harmless to humans that lives in peace, hunting for insects that fall into their nets. The sharp poisonous fangs of the spider are primarily a hunting tool and serve to protect it from other spiders. The victim, falling into the trap, is quickly paralyzed by the poison, and then the spider devours it.

A human bite can only be accidental. Their teeth are unable to damage hard skin, but thinner areas of the body are not a problem. Most often, this situation can occur while walking in the forest, picking mushrooms or traveling.The crosses grow rapidly and at the end of summer they can grow to impressive sizes.

They stretch webs of cobwebs between trees at the height of a human face. An inattentive mushroom picker falls into the network being laid and completely destroys it. Then the insect, willy-nilly, tries to escape or hides under clothes. At the moment, we can accidentally crush the insect and that’s when the spider bites.

Sometimes such situations arise during …

90,000 What is Eshar?

Eshar is an area of ​​dead tissue on the skin.Often referred to as black wound , the scab may appear black with a thick clump of dry tissue. This tissue is often necrotic or is created by the early death of healthy skin cells. Eshar can be associated with burns, spider bites, and gangrene. Ulcers and fungal infections can also lead to this.

When skin cells die as a result of infection or a venomous bite, cell necrosis begins. It can also be associated with a lack of oxygen in the body area, which is often the cause of limb necrosis in diabetic patients.When skin cells die, a scab forms in the area of ​​cell death. This eschar is the beginning of the eschar. In the case of gangrene, minor trauma or damage to the skin may be all that is needed for the eschar to form.

Arachnogenic necrosis can also lead to eshars Arachnogenic necrosis refers to the effect of the venom of a spider bite on the skin. In the United States, the brown recluse spider is the only proven species with neurotic venom. The vagrant spider, travel bag spider and recluse spider remain under suspicion without medical evidence that they carry a poison that damages cells.

However, the Chilean recluse spider has been shown to cause cutaneous neurosis. This species is found in South America. When spider venom enters the skin, cells immediately begin to die off around the bite. As the poison spreads, the wound will also spread and cause a large scab to form.

Eshar can be healed in one of three ways. If there is no infection associated with the scabs, the area will often be allowed to slide naturally from the skin.If potential infection is a problem, or if the patient’s immune system is compromised, surgical removal of the eshar may be performed. This procedure is called debridement .

Lack of circulation in the area can be both a cause and a consequence of necrotic scabs. As the skin contracts and the affected area enlarges, circulation to the area around the wound may be impaired. If there is not enough blood flow in the wound area, doctors may order escharotomy .This procedure involves an eshar incision to relieve internal pressure from the wound. This small incision is often highly stretched, exposing the fatty tissue underneath.

OTHER LANGUAGES

90,000 Loxo Celism is … What is Loxo Celism?

Loxoscelism ( Loxoscelism ) – arachnosis caused by the bite of spiders of the genus Loxosceles, most often the bite of a brown recluse spider; the disease is characterized by extensive necrosis of the skin and subcutaneous tissue.

Scars left after recovery

Man 31 hours after spider bite Loxoceles

A spider bite very often goes unnoticed, but in most cases the sensations are similar to those of a needle prick. Then, within 2-8 hours, pain and itching make themselves felt. Further, the situation develops depending on the amount of poison that has entered the bloodstream. ^[1]

The bite of a brown recluse spider causes a series of symptoms known as loxocellism .It is characterized by gangrene scab at the site of the bite, nausea, malaise, fever, hemolysis, and thrombocytopenia. In most cases, a spider bite is insignificant and does without necrosis, but in large doses it can provoke the formation of a necrotic ulcer that destroys soft tissue. The diameter of the ulcer can reach 25 cm or more, and after healing, which takes 3-6 months, a depressed scar remains.

The transparent viscous venom of this spider contains esterase, alkaline phosphatase, protease and other enzymes that cause tissue necrosis and hemolysis.The main role in the development of necrosis belongs to sphingomyelinase D, which binds to cell membranes and causes neutrophil chemotaxis, vascular thrombosis and Arthus phenomenon. In the case of necrosis of the subcutaneous tissue, healing can take 3 years. ^[2]

In rare cases, systematic symptoms are characteristic: ^[3] damage to internal organs and, in very rare cases, even death; most deaths occur in children under seven years of age ^[4] , people with weak immune systems, and the elderly. ^[1] Hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinuria, and renal failure can cause death. ^[2]

First aid for bite

In case of a bite, you must first of all remain calm and call a doctor. Then it is necessary in any way to slow down the spread of the poison from the site of the bite. To do this, you need to attach ice to the bite site. The affected limb should be immobilized and given an elevated position. Antiseptics should be used to disinfect the wound, and aloe juice can be used to reduce pain.If possible, it is worth catching the spider in a clean and secure container – this is necessary for the identification of the spider by an expert. ^[5]

There are many treatment options for the sequelae of a bite, with varying degrees of effectiveness: hyperbaric oxygenation, dapsone, antihistamines (eg, cyproheptadine), antibiotics, dextran, glucocorticoids, vasodilators, heparin, nitroglycerin, electric shock, curettage, surgery, and antivenom. ^{[6] [7]} None of these variants were subjected to control trials to determine efficacy.In most cases, the effects of bites will heal without any medical intervention. ^[8]

Notes

90,000 Danger Brown Hermit Spider

One of the most dangerous and venomous spiders of its kind is the brown recluse spider. Its bites can cause tissue necrosis, and the degree of exposure to the poisonous substance on the body allows it to be put on a par with the Australian funnel, six-eyed sand spider, and the black widow.

Despite the fact that this spider is called brown, its body can be painted in other colors gray or dark yellow. The spider’s back is decorated with a drawing in the form of a violin. Female brown spiders are slightly larger than males. Another distinctive feature of this species is the number of eyes: unlike most spiders, there are not 8, but 6 – one pair is located in the center, two – on the sides. Sensing the approach of danger, the spider is able to pull its front legs inward, while simultaneously understanding the second and pulling in the hind pair of legs, taking a defensive position.

Female brown spiders lay 40 to 50 eggs. Most often they are located in white sacs; the animal also tries to protect them in every possible way and hide them in places inaccessible to other places. After birth, the cubs actively grow, they molt at least 5-8 times. The life expectancy of representatives of this species is from 2 to 4 years.

Despite its poisonous nature, the brown spider rarely attacks people and uses its poison only if it feels an immediate threat to its life.For example, if a person “invades” his territory, accidentally touches his hole and the like. Therefore, it is quite difficult to find an insect on the territory, and only a systematic fight against spiders on the site will help solve the problem.

What to do if bitten?

After a brown spider bite, the wound should be immediately treated with an antiseptic and ice should be applied to it, the affected limb should be raised. It is also important to see a doctor immediately; it is also advisable to catch the spider and present it to the attending physician for identification.

For the treatment of a brown spider bite, previously resorted to the complete removal of the affected tissue. Now the methods of treatment have changed. Applicable today:

• hormone therapy, or antibiotic treatment;
• administration of antidote serum;
• treatment with Heparin, Vasodilators, Dapsone, antihistamines, electric current.

The treatment strategy, in particular the choice of the drug, depends, first of all, on the degree of tissue damage, as well as the amount of poison injected into the body.Although today it is known that most of the effects of a bite can be eliminated with the help of drugs.

If the amount of poison that got into the wound is small, the person may not even notice the bite. If the spider manages to inject poison into the damaged tissue, a distinct painful sensation will appear at the site of the bite, which will increase over time. The victim may also show symptoms such as weakness, nausea, fever, hemolysis. A scab or ulcer often forms at the site of the bite, which in some cases can reach a size of 25 centimeters.In case of damage to internal organs, for children and the elderly, a lethal outcome is possible.

90,000 Insect bites in children: prevention and treatment

With the onset of the summer heat, the problem of prevention and treatment of insect bites has become urgent for most parents.

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Prophylaxis on the street

While the child is small, it is easy to cover him with a mosquito cover right in the stroller. In some cases, it is convenient to use protective clothing or tents with mosquito nets.In all other situations, repellents are almost the only protection measure. Modern repellents typically use one of these two main active ingredients, DEET or picaridin.

DEET (diethyltoluamide) is the most commonly used broad spectrum ingredient and is effective against mosquitoes, biting flies, fleas and ticks. In most cases, a repellent with a DEET concentration of up to 10% will prevent mosquito bites. In areas with a high risk of insect-borne infections (where malaria, Ross River virus, Barma virus, and Dengue fever occur), repellents with a DEET concentration of 15–30% should be used.

DEET can be safely applied to cotton, wool and nylon, but can damage spandex, rayon, acetate and leather garments. DEET can dissolve plastic and vinyl (such as sunglasses frames or watch bands).

Picaridin is a new component of repellents that is odorless and less sticky than DEET. May be more pleasant to use, does not dissolve plastic. Research has shown that picaridin is as effective as DEET; however, its protection is less long-lasting and will need to be applied more frequently.Foods containing 10% picaridin will prevent insect bites in most situations.

Safety of repellents in children

Before use, read the label, assess the level of DEET or picaridin in the preparation, and use the repellent only as directed by the manufacturer.

Follow simple rules:

• Prefer roll-ons over aerosols when available.
• Apply moderate amount to exposed skin.
• Do not apply to cuts, wounds, or irritated skin.
• Do not apply to the area around the eyes or mouth (in case of accidental contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water!).
• Do not apply to the palms or fingers of young children.
• Back in the house, wash off the repellent from the skin with soap and water.
• Keep repellents out of the reach of children.
• If you need to apply both sunscreen and repellent, apply sunscreen first.Products that combine sunscreen and repellent are not recommended by experts, as sunscreen usually needs to be reapplied and repellent does not.

Physical methods of protection

Mosquitoes are attracted to dark colors, so wear light-colored clothing that covers your wrists and ankles to reduce the chance of being bitten. If you are planning to travel to high-risk areas, it is recommended that you obtain medical advice before starting your trip; you may need additional vaccinations against infections and / or chemoprophylaxis for malaria.

Stagnant water attracts mosquitoes, so stay away from dams, ponds, swamps and other stagnant water.

To prevent mosquitoes from breeding near your home:

• Cover all water containers (including swimming pools) to prevent mosquitoes from laying eggs there.
• Empty all containers of water when not in use.
• Change the water in used containers at least once a week.
• Cover cesspools and septic tanks to prevent mosquitoes from laying eggs.
• Remove excess vegetation from garden ponds and stock ponds with fish.
• Avoid over-watering your garden.

Prevention at home

Mosquito nets and fumigators are the basis of anti-gnat protection in the house. Attention! Remember that mosquito nets increase the risk of a child falling out of the window, as it creates the illusion of a barrier – use window blockers.

Fumigators can work on plates or liquids, slowly spraying a substance toxic to insects around them.Most often, the substance used in fumigators is ethok (aka pralletrin).

A frequent question to a pediatrician is “my child found and chewed a plate from a fumigator, what does this threaten him with?” The fumigator plate contains about 9 mg of pralletrin. The toxic dose of pralletrin for humans by mouth is 600 mg / kg (LD50). Thus, neither eating these plates nor inhaling fumigator vapors will usually cause serious harm to the baby, however, getting repellents and fumigator chemicals into the mouth and mucous membranes should still be avoided.

You can read more about the use of repellents and fumigators on the Rospotrebnadzor website.

Insect bite treatment

Many children (and some adults) have pronounced local reactions to gnat bites (mosquitoes, midges, horseflies): immediately after the bite within a radius of 1-3 cm, an urticarial element forms around it (as in urticaria, intradermal edema), lasts for several hours and itches intensely. Further, it passes into a papule, it is smaller in size, but more persistent.On top of this papule, there are often scratching and bloody or serous crusts. The papule usually disappears within a few days, and the crusts can remain for a very long time – if a person scratches them with nails several times a day, rips them off, and they form again. The use of external or systemic drugs after insect bites reduces the likelihood of severe scratching, secondary infection, reduces unpleasant symptoms (itching, swelling at the site of the bite, burning and flushing) and accelerates recovery. This is especially important for children who are prone to more violent local reactions, much worse can restrain the urge to scratch the bite site to a bloody scab.

Immediately after the bite

As soon as you find urticarial marks from fresh bites on the baby’s skin (came home from the street or took the awakened baby in your arms), apply a cooling antipruritic napkin (Calamin or Tsindol) to the bite site. Repeat the application once an hour on this day, most likely in a day you will hardly be able to find the place of the bite (all changes on the skin will disappear).

If the urticarial element nevertheless passes into a papule or crust

If you didn’t apply a talker, or did, but the papule is still formed and itchy, start applying a low-potency steroid cream (hydrocortisone eye ointment, Sinaflan or Afloderm) to this site.The steroid is applied 1-2 times a day, one element of the rash requires a volume of ointment of no more than half a grain of rice. The course usually takes 2-4 days, during which time the element will almost completely pass. For severe itching or localized swelling, you can use a second-generation antihistamine such as Zodak (as directed) for several days in a row.

If a midge has bitten near the eye or on the lip, and edema of frightening size has developed

In this case, the child may stop opening his eyes, problems with the pronunciation of words may appear (a swollen lip makes it difficult to speak clearly).Most often, it is enough just to wait, or to apply cold and wait – and after 15-30 minutes such local edema begins to subside, and after an hour it disappears completely. In severe cases, or if you want to speed up your recovery, you can (in addition to cold) use an antihistamine inside and a topical steroid outside.

If bitten by a hymenoptera (wasp, bee, bumblebee, hornet, etc.)

The bite or sting of the Hymenoptera is much more unpleasant and dangerous than the bites of the common gnat.They cause severe pain, a strong local reaction (redness, itching, swelling) and last much longer. With multiple bites, in addition to local reactions, there may be severe systemic reactions (malaise, fever, weakness, loss of appetite), which disappear in a few days. In addition, some people are allergic to hymenoptera venom, can develop anaphylactic reactions and even die from such bites. Help with single bites in the absence of anaphylaxis (fainting or semi-fainting, a pronounced change in general well-being) does not generally differ from help with a gnat bite, but the effect will have to wait much longer.If severe systemic reactions appear, an urgent visit to a doctor is required, and if anaphylaxis and / or Quincke’s edema in the larynx appears (hoarseness and severe difficulty in breathing), an ambulance is called immediately. For a person who has experienced anaphylaxis at least once in his life, the doctor will write a prescription for adrenaline (ideally a pen with adrenaline) and teach him and his family to use this drug while waiting for an ambulance.

Important: when stinging by a bee, you need to remove the sting from the wound as soon as possible, assistance begins with this step.

Common complication of insect bites: papular urticaria

Papular urticaria is a rash that occurs in response to insect bites in places where the insect does not bite, it is such a “slow allergy” to bites. Most often it occurs in response to flea bites (including earthen ones), ticks and itch itching, but a simple gnat can also lead to it. Papular urticaria is not dangerous, but it can cause inconvenience, itching, cosmetic defect and last several months. It will go away on its own sooner or later, but a long course of antihistamines and sometimes topical treatment can be helpful to relieve symptoms and speed up recovery.More details can be found here.

General advice

Try not to let your child scratch the bite, especially the eyes. This gives immediate relief, but leads to scratching, infection, and noticeably lengthens the recovery time.

Significato e sinonimi di scrub nel dizionario russo

PRONUNCIA DI STRUP IN RUSSO

CHE SIGNIFICA STRUP IN RUSSO

Clicca per vedere la definizione originale di “scab” nel dizionario russo.Clicca per vedere la traduzione automatica della definizione in italiano.

scabbia

Stroop

La scopa è una crosta che copre la superficie della ferita, ustioni, abrasioni, formate da sangue coagulato, pus e tessuto morto. Protegge la ferita dall’ingresso di microrganismi, sporcizia. Nel processo di guarigione, la ferita è epitelializzata e il cadavere scompare.Scab – nella gente chiamata “dolente”. Scab – a crust covering the surface of a wound, burn, abrasion, formed by coagulated blood, pus and dead tissue. Protects the wound from the ingress of microorganisms, dirt. During the healing process, the wound is epithelized and the scab falls off. Stroop – popularly called a “sore”.

definizione di scroop nel dizionario russo

CROCE, -a, mn, -fow, -few, m.Crosta asciutta, formata su un’abrasione di guarigione, ferita, superficie bruciata. || cadavere aggettivale, -th, -ie. STRUP, -a, mn, -pya, -piev, m. Dry crust formed on a healing abrasion, wound, burn surface. || adjective scabby, th, th.

Clicca per vedere la definizione originale di “scab” nel dizionario russo.Clicca per vedere la traduzione automatica della definizione in italiano.

PAROLE IN RUSSO CHE FANNO RIMA CON STRUP

PAROLE IN RUSSO ASSOCIATE CON “STRUP”

TENDENZE D’USO DEL TERMINE “STRUP”

Nella mappa precedente si riflette la frequenza di suo del termine “scab” nei diversi paesi.

10 LIBRI IN RUSSO ASSOCIATI CON

STRUP

Scopri l’uso di scrub nella seguente selezione bibliografica. Libri associati con scrub e piccoli estratti per contestualizzare il loro uso nella letteratura.

1

Ambulance. A guide for paramedics and nurses

In case of a burn with sulfuric acid, a white scab is first formed , which gradually darkens and acquires… In case of burns with hydrochloric acid , scab has a yellow color, nitric – yellow-green or yellow- brown.

Arkady Vertkin, 2015

2

Scientific Papers – Volume 7 – Page 186

Table b Healing of skin defects in experimental rabbits (first series of experiments) Scab pitted, with raised edges.

Askania-Nova, Russia. Ukrainian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry of the Steppe Regions, Askania-Nova, Russia. All-Union Research Institute of Hybridization and Acclimatization of Animals, 1959

3

Bulletin – Page 113

large area of ​​the burn begins 2 – 3 weeks after the burn under the influence of proteolytic enzymes of bacteria infecting scab .Such a slow rejection of necrotic tissue is painful, …

Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR., 1961

4

The card tells: Nature and history, names and destinies in …

In some regional dialects, the word crust also had the meaning of “dandruff” , which could also form the basis of the nickname. Strupna, s. in the Zaraisk district. Known from documents from the end of the 16th century.as with. Scabby. Name may …

B.B. Wagner, 2015

5

Proceedings – Volume 25 – Page 355

In this case, protoanemonin, injected directly into the bloodstream , has a corresponding effect on the body and before the formation of scab . Therefore, when prescribing protoanemon- * for general treatment …

Moscow (R.S.F.S.R.) All-Union Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, 1961

6

Blind. Execution of the sentence

Stroop opened the window, but it almost did not help, Ion had already begun to think about opening the trunk to drain through. The sky above the forest in the direction he was heading to, again began to fill with a pre-storm blue, …

Andrey Voronin, 2015

7

Phraseologism and word in national-cultural discourse:…

The kinship of the words obstinate, strp ‘and scab is beyond doubt, since scab makes the skin uneven, rough. In support of this connection, let us point out the adjective scab, which in the Trans-Baikal dialects has …

Alina Mikhailovna Melerovich, Valery Mikhailovich Mokienko, Institute of the Russian Language. V.V. Vinogradov, 2008

8

Collected Works – Page 172

This is a saturated solution of lead nitrate and zinc chloride.I advise you not to use caustic potassium; after it the scab will soon soak and disintegrate. I have been familiar with lead nitrate for 13 years and have been using it …

Nikolay Ivanovich Pirogov, Ivan Guryevich Rufanov, 1961

9

The beginnings of general military field surgery, part 2 (1866): …

This is a saturated solution of lead nitrate and zinc chloride. I advise you not to use caustic potassium; after it the scab will soon soak and disintegrate.I have been familiar with lead nitrate for 13 years and have been using it …

Nikolay Ivanovich Pirogov, Ivan Guryevich Rufanov, Ivan Guryevich Rufanov, 1961

10

Traumatology and orthopedics: textbook: [for universities on …

The rate in the area of ​​ the scab is lost (local anesthesia), which is an important differential diagnostic sign. Around scab forms an inflammatory cushion of purple color, rising above the level…

Pak S.G., Briko N.I., Danilkin B.K., 2011

10 NOTIZIE DOVE SI INCLUDE IL TERMINE “STRUP”

Vedi di che si parla nei media nazionali e internazionali e come viene utilizzato il termine ino scrub nel contesto delle seguenti notizie.

Burn healing

I also used levomekol and baneocin powder.The 8th day of healing is in progress. The burn is dry, there are scabs , the skin is red and slightly hotter than the surrounding tissues. “Woman.ru – Internet for women, ott 15”

Archive RS. Gibby Hines: “When I met Depp, I had …

(laughs) I couldn’t eat scab . Only half. Why did you change the name of the new album from “Oklahoma!” to Electriclarryland? Rolling Stone, mag 15

Test for Stroop : Strooper and more accurate! …..

Test for Stroop is named taka for John Ridley Stroop is a farmer’s sin, which is both showable, intellect and prowess … “Actualno.com, apr 15”

Urologist Viktor Bilyk: “Old age is not …

Because of a burn inside the prostate gland, scab is formed, which after surgery can cause complications and worsen the quality of life.”Fakty.ua, feb 15″

Australian Berries Kill Cancer in Two Weeks

… after a couple of days, scab remained at the site of the melanoma: after a week and a half, the crust left, and underneath it turned out to be skin without any traces of cancer. “Science and technology of Russia, ott 14”

The deadly spider

attacked the Smolensk fisherman

A gangrenous scab appears at the site of the bite , nausea, fever, hemolysis and thrombocytopenia begin.First, a bite resembling a prick of a needle … “Working Way, set 14”

How do you feel after leukoplakia?

And after a while “ scab ” departs (imagine a peeled knee, there is a sore-crust on it, which once falls off). In general, nothing … “Woman.ru – Internet for women, apr 14”

Negative emotions must be learned before the end of

They analyzed a number of experimental works that used the well-known effect of American psychologist John Ridley Stroop ,… “Nezavisimaya gazeta, gen 14”

Aftermath of the storm “Xavier” in Europe

The railway service was disrupted, most of the flights at Malmö airport – Stroop in the south of Sweden canceled, from the capital airport … “GISMETEO. News, dic 13”

A predatory hermit spider bit off a girl’s half ear

…dangerous, but not fatal. At the site of the bite of such an arthropod, a gangrene scab remains. The spider victim develops nausea and malaise. “Vesti.Ru, nov 13”

90,000 10 spiders to really watch out for

Studies show that approximately 5% of the world’s population suffers from arachnophobia – the fear of spiders. Usually, there are no objective reasons for fear, since out of 40 thousand species of spiders, only a very small part is a threat to humans and most of them live in tropical countries and deserts.

But this does not mean that there is no need to know about this minority. Once in an unfamiliar area, you should have a good idea of ​​what kind of animals you can encounter here and act accordingly. Therefore, whether you will be able to identify a poisonous spider in time can be a matter of life and death. To make it easier for you, we have compiled a guide that includes the most venomous spiders in the world.

Tramp spider (Tegenaria Agrestis)

The question of whether this spider is dangerous to humans is still open.There are many alleged cases of vagrant spider attacks whose bites cause tissue necrosis but are not life threatening.

However, they are extremely aggressive. An interesting fact is that this species relatively recently moved to the territory of North America. Previously inhabited all over Europe, but, apparently, could not withstand the competition with larger spiders.

Camel spider (Solifugae)

In Russia it is known as a phalanx. They look like they came from an arachnophobic nightmare and behave accordingly.

Camel spiders are unpredictable, capable of accelerating up to 16 km / h and their bite is extremely painful. Fortunately, they are not poisonous. They are found in any arid places, but for some reason they are not at all common in Australia.

Yellow spider Sak (Cheiracanthium)

The spider, barely reaching 10 mm in size, causes extensive tissue necrosis at the site of the bite with its venom.

This is not fatal, but extremely painful. The golden spider lives in European countries, Australia and Canada.Some experts believe that spiders of this species are responsible for more bites than any other spider.

Ornamental tarantula (Poecilotheria)

Tarantulas are huge hairy spiders from the wolf spider family.

According to legend, these spiders are named after the dance that the people bitten by them had to dance to cleanse themselves of the poison. The bite of most tarantulas is not stronger than that of a bee, but the bite of an ornamental tarantula is very painful, and the poison causes severe swelling.It is found in the countries of Southeast Asia.

Mouse Spider (Missulena)

About 12 species of mouse spiders live in Australia. Armed with huge poisonous fangs – chelicerae, which look quite menacing, these spiders are not as dangerous as they seem.

Their venom is dangerous for humans, but spider mice are not aggressive, and often, biting their prey, they make a “dry” bite without venom.

Six-eyed sand spider (Sicarius hahni)

Who lives in the deserts of Africa and has eight legs and six eyes? That’s right, six-eyed sand spider.Their venom is a powerful cytotoxin that can kill a rabbit in just five hours.

This spider is undoubtedly dangerous to humans, but fortunately, it lives far from any human habitation. There were only two recorded cases of a sand spider attacking a person. Unfortunately, both were fatal.

Black Widow (Latrodectus)

One of the most “famous” species of spiders on the planet. Before the invention of the antidote, most attacks by black widows on humans were fatal.

Latrotoxin secreted by the spider causes blood poisoning. The victim suffers from bouts of vomiting and spasms in all muscles. It is found in North America and Australia.

Chilean Hermit Spider (Loxosceles)

The hermit spider gained notoriety after a huge number of photographs appeared on the web with the consequences of its bites.

Its poison, penetrating into the blood, causes a gangrenous scab at the site of the bite, nausea and fever.In rare cases, it leads to death. The brown recluse spider is not really aggressive and attacks humans only to defend its territory. Lives in North America.

Sydney funnel spider (Atrax robustus)

Sydney spiders are real giants among the rest of the spiders in the world. While most arachnids avoid humans, the funnel spider is aggressive and always ready to fight.

His sharp chelicerae can even bite through leather shoes or a fingernail and inject you a decent dose of poison.A powerful neurotoxin that causes muscle cramps, confusion, and cerebral edema. Fortunately, no deaths have been reported since the invention of the antidote in 1981.

Brazilian wandering spider (Phoneutria)

In the Guinness Book of Records, spiders of this species are recorded as the most poisonous spiders in the world. The venom of the wandering spider is a powerful neurotoxin, 20 times more dangerous than the venom of the black widow.

Once in the bloodstream, it causes paralysis of the respiratory system and leads to painful death from suffocation.Lives in South and Central America.

See also – Goliath tarantula – the largest spider on the planet

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