Welts on legs and arms. Hives on Arms and Legs: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment of Urticaria

10.10.197819.11.2021 by alexxlab

What are the common causes of hives on arms and legs. How can you identify urticaria symptoms. What are the most effective treatments for welts and swelling.

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Understanding Hives (Urticaria): A Comprehensive Overview

Hives, medically known as urticaria, are raised, red bumps or splotches that appear on the skin. These welts are a type of swelling on the skin’s surface, typically occurring as an allergic reaction to various substances. While harmless to most people, these allergens can trigger a significant immune response in sensitive individuals.

Hives can manifest in various sizes, ranging from tiny pinpricks to expansive areas as large as dinner plates. They often cause itching, burning, or stinging sensations. In some cases, individual welts may merge to form larger patches called plaques.

Key Characteristics of Hives:

Raised, red bumps or splotches
Itchy, burning, or stinging sensation
Variable size (pinprick to dinner plate)
Can form larger plaques
Usually fade within 24 hours

Hives tend to be transient, often fading within 24 hours. However, new hives may continue to appear, making the condition noticeable for several days or even longer in some cases.

Angioedema: Understanding the Connection to Hives

Angioedema is a related condition that often accompanies hives. It involves swelling in the deeper layers of skin tissue, particularly around the eyes, lips, and face. This swelling can also affect the hands, feet, throat, intestines, and genitals.

Is angioedema always associated with hives? While many people experience both hives and angioedema simultaneously, it’s possible to develop angioedema without visible hives. The swelling caused by angioedema can be itchy and sometimes painful, typically resolving within a day or two.

Characteristics of Angioedema:

Deep tissue swelling
Common in face, hands, and feet
Can affect throat and digestive tract
May be itchy or painful
Usually resolves in 1-2 days

In severe cases, angioedema can cause swelling in the throat, airway, and digestive tract, potentially leading to life-threatening complications.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hives and Angioedema

Hives are relatively common, affecting approximately 20% of people at least once in their lifetime. Angioedema, when occurring independently, is less frequent. While anyone can develop hives or angioedema, certain factors may increase the likelihood of experiencing these conditions.

Who is most susceptible to hives and angioedema? Individuals with multiple allergies or heightened sensitivity to various allergens may experience hives more frequently. However, some people may only encounter hives once or a few times throughout their lives.

Risk Factors for Hives and Angioedema:

Multiple allergies
Hypersensitivity to allergens
Autoimmune conditions
Certain medications
Genetic predisposition

Types of Hives and Angioedema: Acute, Chronic, and Physical

Hives and angioedema can be categorized into different types based on their duration and triggers. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Acute Hives and Angioedema

Acute cases last for less than six weeks and often occur suddenly. These are typically triggered by allergic reactions to specific foods or medications.

Chronic Hives and Angioedema

When hives persist for more than six weeks, they are classified as chronic. In about 95% of chronic cases, the exact cause remains unknown, though it is believed to be autoimmune in nature.

Physical Hives

Some individuals develop hives in response to specific physical stimuli. These can include exposure to cold, heat, sun, vibrations, pressure, or even exercise and sweating. Physical hives usually appear within an hour of exposure to the trigger.

Common Causes of Hives and Angioedema

Hives and angioedema are often triggered by allergens, substances that the body’s immune system identifies as harmful. When exposed to an allergen, the body releases histamines, chemicals that cause the characteristic symptoms of an allergic reaction.

What are the most common triggers for hives and angioedema? While the list of potential triggers is extensive, some of the most frequent causes include:

Airborne allergens (pollen, mold spores, pet dander)
Food allergies (milk, peanuts, tree nuts, eggs, fish, shellfish)
Insect stings
Medication allergies (NSAIDs, codeine, certain blood pressure medications)
Temperature changes
Viral or bacterial infections
Latex or detergent allergies
Hormonal changes
Autoimmune conditions

It’s important to note that in some cases, especially in chronic hives, the exact cause may remain unidentified despite thorough investigation.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Hives and Angioedema

Identifying the symptoms of hives and angioedema is crucial for prompt diagnosis and treatment. While the appearance can vary between individuals and situations, there are several characteristic signs to watch for.

Symptoms of Hives (Urticaria)

Hives can appear anywhere on the body and may exhibit the following symptoms:

Red, raised welts or bumps on the skin
Blanching (the center of the hive turns white when pressed)
Intense itching
Swelling of the affected area

Symptoms of Angioedema

Angioedema often accompanies hives but can also occur independently. Signs of angioedema include:

Puffy or swollen face, especially around the eyes and mouth
Swollen hands, feet, or genitals
Digestive issues such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting
Swelling in the mouth, throat, or airway, potentially causing breathing difficulties

Can hives and angioedema be life-threatening? While most cases of hives and angioedema are not life-threatening, severe swelling in the throat or airway can lead to dangerous breathing problems. It’s essential to seek immediate medical attention if you experience difficulty breathing or swallowing.

Diagnosis and Testing for Hives and Angioedema

Diagnosing hives and angioedema typically begins with a visual examination by a healthcare professional. In many cases, the characteristic appearance of the skin is sufficient for a diagnosis. However, identifying the underlying cause may require additional testing.

Allergy Testing

Allergy tests can help pinpoint specific triggers for hives and angioedema. These tests may include:

Skin prick tests: Small amounts of potential allergens are applied to the skin to observe any reactions
Blood tests: These can measure the levels of specific antibodies in your blood
Patch tests: Used to identify contact allergens by applying substances to the skin for 48 hours

Additional Diagnostic Procedures

In some cases, especially for chronic hives, additional tests may be necessary:

Physical urticaria tests: These involve exposing the skin to various stimuli like heat, cold, or pressure
Blood work: To check for underlying conditions or infections
Skin biopsy: In rare cases, a small skin sample may be taken for microscopic examination

How long does it take to diagnose the cause of hives? While acute hives can often be diagnosed quickly, identifying the cause of chronic hives may take longer and require multiple tests and consultations with specialists.

Treatment Options for Hives and Angioedema

The treatment of hives and angioedema focuses on relieving symptoms and, when possible, addressing the underlying cause. The approach may vary depending on whether the condition is acute or chronic.

Medications for Symptom Relief

Antihistamines: These are the primary treatment for hives, helping to reduce itching and swelling
Corticosteroids: For severe cases, short-term use of oral or injectable corticosteroids may be recommended
Epinephrine: In cases of severe angioedema affecting breathing, an epinephrine auto-injector may be prescribed

Long-term Management for Chronic Cases

For chronic hives and angioedema, additional treatments may include:

Immunosuppressants: Medications that modulate the immune system response
Omalizumab: A biologic medication that can be effective for chronic hives
Leukotriene modifiers: These can help manage symptoms in some cases

What is the most effective way to prevent hives and angioedema? The best prevention strategy is to identify and avoid known triggers. Keeping a symptom diary can help track potential causes and patterns in outbreaks.

Lifestyle Modifications and Home Remedies

In addition to medical treatments, several lifestyle changes and home remedies can help manage hives and angioedema:

Avoiding known triggers
Wearing loose, comfortable clothing
Using cool compresses to soothe affected areas
Taking cool baths with colloidal oatmeal
Managing stress through relaxation techniques

While these measures can provide relief, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider for persistent or severe symptoms.

Urticaria, Welts, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

Overview

What are hives (urticaria)?

Hives are raised red bumps (welts) or splotches on the skin. They are a type of swelling on the surface of your skin. They happen when your body has an allergic reaction to an allergen, a substance that’s harmless to most people. But can also occur in autoimmune conditions or systemic conditions, if hives last for a prolonged period of time.

Hives may be itchy, or you might feel them burning or stinging. They can be as small as a pinprick or as big as a dinner plate. The medical name for hives is urticaria.

Sometimes, the welts from hives join together to form larger areas called plaques. Hives tend to fade within 24 hours, although they may be noticeable for several days or longer.

What is swelling (angioedema)?

Angioedema is a kind of swelling that can be related to hives, but can be an isolated event. It most often causes swelling in deep layers of tissue around the eyes, lips and face. Your hands, feet, throat, intestines and genitals may also swell.

People who get hives may get angioedema at the same time. Sometimes people have angioedema without hives.

Swelling from angioedema can be itchy, and can sometimes be painful. It usually goes away in a day or two. In extreme situations, your throat, airway and digestive tract might swell. These reactions can be life-threatening.

How common are hives and angioedema?

About 20% of people will develop hives at least once. Angioedema by itself occurs less often.

Who’s most likely to get hives (urticaria) or angioedema?

Anyone can get hives or angioedema. Hives are more common than angioedema. People who react to many different types of allergens may get hives frequently. Some people get hives just once or only a few times in their lives.

What are the types of hives (urticaria) and angioedema?

There are different types of hives (urticaria) and angioedema, including:

Acute: Hives or swelling that last for less than six weeks are considered acute, meaning they come on suddenly. Allergic reactions to certain foods or medications often cause acute hives and swelling.
Chronic: When hives linger for more than six weeks, the condition is chronic. In 95% of chronic conditions, nobody knows what causes them, though it is thought to be autoimmune in nature.
Physical: Some people develop hives and swelling in specific situations. Hives might pop up when you’re in the cold, heat or sun. Some people react to vibrations or pressure, or exercise and sweating. Physical hives usually appear within an hour after exposure.

Symptoms and Causes

What causes hives (urticaria) and swelling (angioedema)?

Allergens can causes these reactions. An allergen is a substance your body doesn’t like, and your body’s immune system reacts by releasing chemicals called histamines. Histamines are a chemical made by allergy cells (mast cell) and other immune cells (eosinophils, basophils, etc) that goes into overdrive to get rid of the allergen. But your body may respond to the flood of histamines by having an allergic reaction that causes hives and swelling.

People get hives and angioedema from all kinds of things, including:

Airborne allergens like tree and grass pollen, mold spores and pet dander.
Bacterial infections, such as strep throat and urinary tract infections.
Food allergies to milk, peanuts and tree nuts, eggs, fish and shellfish.
Insect stings.
Medication allergies, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), codeine and blood pressure medicine, especially ACE inhibitors.
Quick changes in body temperature due to heat, cold or physical activity.
Viral infections, such as the common cold or mononucleosis.
Allergies to other materials, like latex or detergents.
Hormonal issues, like changes in your body because of pregnancy, menopause or thyroid disease.
Autoimmune conditions.

What are the symptoms of hives (urticaria)?

Hives look different depending on the person and the situation. They can show up anywhere on your body. Signs of hives include:

Red, raised welts or bumps on the skin.
Blanching (the center of the hive turns white when pressed).
Itchy skin.
Swelling (angioedema).

What are the symptoms of swelling (angioedema)?

Signs of angioedema include:

Puffy or swollen face, especially the eyes and mouth.
Digestive problems, such as abdominal pain, diarrhea or nausea and vomiting.
Swollen hands, feet or genitals.
Swelling in the mouth, throat or airway that may make it harder to breathe.

Diagnosis and Tests

How are hives (urticaria) and swelling (angioedema) diagnosed?

Your doctor can diagnose hives and swelling by looking at your skin. Allergy tests can help identify what’s triggering a reaction. Knowing the cause can help you avoid allergens, hives and swelling. Allergy tests include:

Skin tests: During this test, healthcare providers test different allergens on your skin. If your skin turns red or swells, it means you’re allergic to that substance. This type of allergy test is also called a skin prick or scratch test. Skin testing is not commonly done if hives are chronic in nature.
Blood tests: A blood test checks for specific antibodies in your blood. Your body makes antibodies to fight off allergens. The process is part of your immune system — but if your body makes too many, it can cause hives and swelling.

Management and Treatment

How are hives (urticaria) and swelling (angioedema) managed or treated?

Most of the time, hives and swelling go away without treatment. Your healthcare provider might recommend medications and at-home care to help you feel better and lower your chances of having hives again. Treatments include:

Allergy medications: Medicines called antihistamines block histamine’s effects on your body. Antihistamines relieve itching from hives and prevent allergic reactions. Some antihistamines react fast, like diphenhydramine (Benadryl®). Depending how severe the hives are, your healthcare provider may recommend daily over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription allergy medications, like loratadine (Claritin®). fexofenadine (Allegra®), cetirizine (Zyrtec®) or levocetirizine (Xyzal®).
Allergy shots: For hard-to-treat chronic hives, your healthcare provider may recommend a monthly injection of a drug called omalizumab (Xolair®). This medication blocks the body’s allergy antibody, immunoglobin E (IgE), from causing allergy reactions. People with severe allergies can make too much IgE, leading to problems like hives and asthma.
At-home treatments: To relieve hives, you can take a cool bath or shower, wear loose-fitting clothing and apply cold compresses. An OTC hydrocortisone cream, such as Cortizone®, can relieve itching and swelling.
Epinephrine: Severe allergic reactions and swelling can lead to a life-threatening condition called anaphylaxis. Symptoms include hives, swelling, shortness of breath, wheezing, vomiting and low blood pressure. People experiencing anaphylaxis need an immediate epinephrine injection (EpiPen®) to open a swollen airway.
Oral steroids: Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, can relieve hive symptoms that don’t respond to antihistamines.

What are the complications of hives (urticaria) and swelling (angioedema)?

Anyone who has a severe allergic reaction could have life-threatening swelling (angioedema) of the airways — your throat and lungs. This condition is known as anaphylaxis. It can potentially close off the airways, resulting in death.

Anaphylaxis is often triggered by a severe allergic reaction to a certain food, like peanuts and tree nuts, or a bee sting. People having anaphylaxis need an immediate shot of epinephrine, such as injectable epinephrine (EpiPen® or AUVI-Q®). Epinephrine opens airways, raises blood pressure and reduces hives and swelling. If epinephrine is used outside of the medical setting, a trip to the ER is warranted, since symptoms can return if epinephrine wears off.

Prevention

How can I prevent hives (urticaria) and swelling (angioedema)?

Allergy tests can help your healthcare provider figure out which substances bring on hives and swelling. Once you know your triggers, you can avoid them. You may want to:

Cut certain foods or liquids out of your diet.
Reduce exposure to airborne allergens.
Switch to detergents and soaps without scents or dyes.
Avoid extreme changes in temperature.
Relax and take a break when you’re stressed or overworked.
Wear loose-fitting, lightweight clothing.

Outlook / Prognosis

What is the prognosis (outlook) for people with hives and swelling?

For most people, hives don’t cause serious problems. Children often outgrow allergies that cause hives.

For some people, angioedema can cause anaphylaxis — severe swelling of the airways and lungs. People with this life-threatening condition should carry injectable epinephrine (EpiPen®) to treat severe allergic reactions.

Living With

When should I call the doctor?

Hives (urticaria) and swelling (angioedema) typically get better without treatment. Call your healthcare provider if you have:

Hives or swelling that last more than a week.
Infected-looking bumps (red, swollen or pus-filled).
Recurring hives that come back every few months.
Severe itching.
Signs of anaphylaxis, including wheezing, shortness of breath or vomiting.
Swollen lips or eyes.

What questions should I ask my doctor?

If you develop hives (urticaria) or swelling (angioedema), ask your healthcare provider:

Why did I get hives and swelling?
When should the hives and/or swelling go away?
Should I get an allergy test?
What steps can I take to prevent getting hives or swelling in the future?
What’s the best treatment to reduce itching?
What’s the best way to get rid of hives?
Should I look out for signs of complications?

Hives (urticaria) and swelling (angioedema) are your body’s way of responding to a substance (allergen) that it doesn’t like. These reactions are a bit uncomfortable, but are not always serious. You may develop hives alone, hives with swelling, or just swelling. Most of the time, these reactions go away in a day or two. If you are prone to hives or swelling, talk to your healthcare provider about getting an allergy test. Once you know what triggers your allergies, you can take steps to avoid your triggers.

Urticaria, Welts, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

Overview

What are hives (urticaria)?

Hives may be itchy, or you might feel them burning or stinging. They can be as small as a pinprick or as big as a dinner plate. The medical name for hives is urticaria.

Sometimes, the welts from hives join together to form larger areas called plaques. Hives tend to fade within 24 hours, although they may be noticeable for several days or longer.

What is swelling (angioedema)?

People who get hives may get angioedema at the same time. Sometimes people have angioedema without hives.

How common are hives and angioedema?

About 20% of people will develop hives at least once. Angioedema by itself occurs less often.

Who’s most likely to get hives (urticaria) or angioedema?

What are the types of hives (urticaria) and angioedema?

There are different types of hives (urticaria) and angioedema, including:

Acute: Hives or swelling that last for less than six weeks are considered acute, meaning they come on suddenly. Allergic reactions to certain foods or medications often cause acute hives and swelling.
Chronic: When hives linger for more than six weeks, the condition is chronic. In 95% of chronic conditions, nobody knows what causes them, though it is thought to be autoimmune in nature.
Physical: Some people develop hives and swelling in specific situations. Hives might pop up when you’re in the cold, heat or sun. Some people react to vibrations or pressure, or exercise and sweating. Physical hives usually appear within an hour after exposure.

Symptoms and Causes

What causes hives (urticaria) and swelling (angioedema)?

People get hives and angioedema from all kinds of things, including:

Airborne allergens like tree and grass pollen, mold spores and pet dander.
Bacterial infections, such as strep throat and urinary tract infections.
Food allergies to milk, peanuts and tree nuts, eggs, fish and shellfish.
Insect stings.
Medication allergies, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), codeine and blood pressure medicine, especially ACE inhibitors.
Quick changes in body temperature due to heat, cold or physical activity.
Viral infections, such as the common cold or mononucleosis.
Allergies to other materials, like latex or detergents.
Hormonal issues, like changes in your body because of pregnancy, menopause or thyroid disease.
Autoimmune conditions.

What are the symptoms of hives (urticaria)?

Hives look different depending on the person and the situation. They can show up anywhere on your body. Signs of hives include:

Red, raised welts or bumps on the skin.
Blanching (the center of the hive turns white when pressed).
Itchy skin.
Swelling (angioedema).

What are the symptoms of swelling (angioedema)?

Signs of angioedema include:

Puffy or swollen face, especially the eyes and mouth.
Digestive problems, such as abdominal pain, diarrhea or nausea and vomiting.
Swollen hands, feet or genitals.
Swelling in the mouth, throat or airway that may make it harder to breathe.

Diagnosis and Tests

How are hives (urticaria) and swelling (angioedema) diagnosed?

Skin tests: During this test, healthcare providers test different allergens on your skin. If your skin turns red or swells, it means you’re allergic to that substance. This type of allergy test is also called a skin prick or scratch test. Skin testing is not commonly done if hives are chronic in nature.
Blood tests: A blood test checks for specific antibodies in your blood. Your body makes antibodies to fight off allergens. The process is part of your immune system — but if your body makes too many, it can cause hives and swelling.

Management and Treatment

How are hives (urticaria) and swelling (angioedema) managed or treated?

Allergy medications: Medicines called antihistamines block histamine’s effects on your body. Antihistamines relieve itching from hives and prevent allergic reactions. Some antihistamines react fast, like diphenhydramine (Benadryl®). Depending how severe the hives are, your healthcare provider may recommend daily over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription allergy medications, like loratadine (Claritin®). fexofenadine (Allegra®), cetirizine (Zyrtec®) or levocetirizine (Xyzal®).
Allergy shots: For hard-to-treat chronic hives, your healthcare provider may recommend a monthly injection of a drug called omalizumab (Xolair®). This medication blocks the body’s allergy antibody, immunoglobin E (IgE), from causing allergy reactions. People with severe allergies can make too much IgE, leading to problems like hives and asthma.
At-home treatments: To relieve hives, you can take a cool bath or shower, wear loose-fitting clothing and apply cold compresses. An OTC hydrocortisone cream, such as Cortizone®, can relieve itching and swelling.
Epinephrine: Severe allergic reactions and swelling can lead to a life-threatening condition called anaphylaxis. Symptoms include hives, swelling, shortness of breath, wheezing, vomiting and low blood pressure. People experiencing anaphylaxis need an immediate epinephrine injection (EpiPen®) to open a swollen airway.
Oral steroids: Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, can relieve hive symptoms that don’t respond to antihistamines.

What are the complications of hives (urticaria) and swelling (angioedema)?

Prevention

How can I prevent hives (urticaria) and swelling (angioedema)?

Allergy tests can help your healthcare provider figure out which substances bring on hives and swelling. Once you know your triggers, you can avoid them. You may want to:

Cut certain foods or liquids out of your diet.
Reduce exposure to airborne allergens.
Switch to detergents and soaps without scents or dyes.
Avoid extreme changes in temperature.
Relax and take a break when you’re stressed or overworked.
Wear loose-fitting, lightweight clothing.

Outlook / Prognosis

What is the prognosis (outlook) for people with hives and swelling?

For most people, hives don’t cause serious problems. Children often outgrow allergies that cause hives.

Living With

When should I call the doctor?

Hives (urticaria) and swelling (angioedema) typically get better without treatment. Call your healthcare provider if you have:

Hives or swelling that last more than a week.
Infected-looking bumps (red, swollen or pus-filled).
Recurring hives that come back every few months.
Severe itching.
Signs of anaphylaxis, including wheezing, shortness of breath or vomiting.
Swollen lips or eyes.

What questions should I ask my doctor?

If you develop hives (urticaria) or swelling (angioedema), ask your healthcare provider:

Why did I get hives and swelling?
When should the hives and/or swelling go away?
Should I get an allergy test?
What steps can I take to prevent getting hives or swelling in the future?
What’s the best treatment to reduce itching?
What’s the best way to get rid of hives?
Should I look out for signs of complications?

Is it a Viral Rash? Baby & Toddler Rash Identification

Terminology and Types of Common Childhood Rashes

You are dressing your 3-year-old child when you notice a rough, pimply red rash on her back and chest. You also find it on her arms and legs. What could it be? Should you call the doctor?

You pick your 6-year-old up from school and notice his cheeks are bright red. He feels a little warm and then shows you a red lacy rash on his arms. You rush over to the doctor’s office, afraid this rash might be caused by some unusual illness

An hour after dinner you are giving your one-year-old a bath. You notice a red and white, raised welt on her tummy. You find more on her legs. Fifteen minutes later she is completely covered in welts. What could this be? Should you rush her to the ER?

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Rashes are common during childhood. From viral infection rash to food sensitivities to the fever and rash toddlers can experience from roseola. Children are constantly exposed to a variety of illnesses and irritants that can cause rashes. The purpose of this site section is threefold:

To help you recognize several of the most common childhood rashes,
To help you figure out what the cause of your child’s particular rash might be and how to treat it,
Most importantly to help you decide if a rash is dangerous and requires an urgent page to your doctor or if it can wait until the next day to be evaluated.

Rashes are rarely urgent and almost never require an urgent page to your doctor. In fact, there is basically only one rash that requires immediate medical evaluation – this is a rash called petechiae or purpura, which involves ruptured blood vessels under the skin. We will discuss later how to recognize this rash. Virtually all other rashes can wait until you can call your doctor’s office to schedule an appointment. Diaper Rashes are discussed in a separate section.

Rash Terminology

It is important for you to understand the words we will use in this discussion to describe a rash. This will also help you more accurately describe a rash to your doctor’s office over the phone.

Raised – this means you can feel a bump when you rub your fingers over the rash.
Flat – opposite of raised. The rash is flush with the skin and can’t be felt.
Lacy – this looks as if someone placed a piece of fancy lace material over the skin and then removed it, leaving a red imprint of the lace on the skin.
Pimply – this refers to very small raised bumps with a tiny white head in the middle, just like a pimple.
Bumps – this means exactly when it sounds like – a raised bump.
Spots – this refers to flat spots that can’t be felt.
Blistery – this means a bump with clear fluid-filled middle.
Pustule – a pus-filled blister.
Welt – this is a raised, part red and part skin-colored area. It can be small or large. An example of a welt is hives.
Blotches – like a welt, but flat, and usually not a uniform color – parts are red and parts are flesh-toned.
Patch – this refers to a flat area of the skin larger than just a little bump.
Trunk – the chest, tummy, and back.

Most Common Rashes in Children

Here are the most common childhood rashes. Read through them to see if any seem to match your child’s rash. If not, then the following section may help you identify the rash. None of these 5 rashes warrants an urgent page to your doctor unless you feel your child is unusually ill.

Hives

These are welts. They can appear suddenly out of nowhere and can spread rapidly. They are most common on the trunk, but can also be on the extremities, and rarely on the face. A very distinct characteristic of hives is that each welt will often come and go over a period of 10 to 15 minutes or as long as a few hours. You will see some welts on the tummy, and then look again an hour later and find them gone, only to see new ones on the back.

The welts can be small or very large, round or irregularly shaped, single or clustered together, and over-lapping. They usually itch, but not always. Hives appear when the body has an allergic reaction to a variety of things. Variables such as foods, medications, external irritants such as soap, detergent, clothing material, or grass can cause an allergic reaction. Children can also get hives during a normal illness such as a cold or fever. Because this is an allergic reaction, you need to observe your child for other signs of a severe allergic reaction such as throat tightness, wheezing, breathing difficulty, or persistent vomiting. Go to the ER if these happen. The standard treatment for hives is Benadryl.

Eczema

There are two factors that can cause eczema. First, a genetic tendency toward dry, irritated skin; and second, skin allergies to a variety of irritants and foods. Childhood eczema has two different appearances… When this rash is mild it looks like flat, dry, white patches. During flare-ups, it appears as red, irritated, raised patches. This rash characteristically occurs on the inner elbows and behind the knees in infants and young children.

In older children, it usually affects the front of the knees and outside of elbows. In can also appear on the trunk, face, hands, and feet. Your child can have as little as one patch or dozens. Eczema can either be a short-lived temporary reaction to something in your child’s environment, or it can be a chronic condition lasting for years. The diagnosis and treatment of childhood eczema is extremely involved. The standard treatment is hydrocortisone cream 1%, over the counter.

Viral Rash

It’s common for a viral rash to appear out of the blue. There is a variety of viruses that can cause this type of rash. Some viruses are easily identifiable such as chickenpox, fifth disease, and roseola. Most viruses, however, do not cause their own specific type of rash as chickenpox does. These generic viral rashes can have many different appearances, such as lacy or pimply, raised or flat, bumps, spots, or blotches, and they often (but not always) start on the trunk, and then spread to the extremities. The most important thing to understand here is that if your child has a fever or is not feeling well, and breaks out in one of these generic rashes, then it is probably a harmless virus and nothing to worry about.

Here is a brief description of some identifiable viral rashes:

Chickenpox

This starts off with a few red spots or bumps (often mistaken for insect bites). Fever is common. The next day many more bumps will appear, and the first bumps will have turned into blisters. On the third day, new bumps will appear, and the second-day bumps will start to blister. On day 4 the original blisters will start to crust over. Usually, by day 5, no new bumps will appear, and more blisters will crust over. On day 7 the majority of blisters will crust over. The fever can last for 5 days. Contagion ends when the fever stops and all the blisters crust over. If this sounds like what your child has, click here for a complete discussion in chickenpox.

Very important note – it is nearly impossible to diagnose chickenpox on day 1, and still difficult to know for certain on day 2. Therefore, do not bring your child in to the doctor on day 1 or 2 and expect a definite diagnosis. Is this viral rash contagious? Yes, it is, so if you think it’s chickenpox, quarantine your child until day 3. If the spots have progressed as described above, then you probably don’t even need a doctor to confirm it. Viral rash getting worse? Dr. Sears advises: when you first notice some spots, draw a circle around a few of them. If they change into blisters within 24 hours, consider it chickenpox.

Note: There is a highly effective chickenpox vaccine available to your child. Read about the vaccine here.

Fifth disease (or Slapped Cheek disease)

This is a very common virus. It starts out causing bright red cheeks that resemble slapped cheeks and sometimes a fever. Then a generic lacy or pimply rash spreads from the trunk to the extremities. There may also be a runny nose and cough. If this sounds like what your child has, click on it for a detailed discussion.

Coxsackie: Blisters on hands, feet, or mouth

Coxsackie is a virus that produces blisters on the hands, feet or mouth. Click here for a picture.

The Contagious Period for Viral Rashes

It’s worth noting that the questions of “How long does a viral rash last?” and “How long a viral rash is contagious?” have different answers depending on what illness your child may have. In general, viral illnesses are contagious starting the day before the rash and fever begin. Contagion ends when the fever breaks for 24 hours (and no Tylenol has been given to hide the fever), even though the rash will continue. Chicken Pox is the exception (see above).

Roseola

This is one of the most common causes of fever and rash in infants and young children. It starts out with three days of moderate to high fevers, with no other symptoms. On day four the fever breaks and your infant develops a rash yet acts almost entirely well. The rash consists of red spots and bumps starting on the upper back and neck, spreading down the trunk and into the extremities. It sometimes has a lacy appearance. If this sounds like what your child has, then click here for more information on roseola.

Insect Bites

This is a very common occurrence in children, even if you don’t have pets, and you clean the house regularly. If your child develops several (generally less than 20) red bumps with a visible pinpoint hole in the middle, then it is probably an insect bite.

Heat Rash

This appears as tiny red pimples, bumps, or spots. It usually appears on the back of the neck or lower back, but can involve the entire trunk. It occurs due to a mix of sweat, heat, and clothing. Treat this by cooling your baby off, airing out the area, or applying a cool washcloth.

Contact Rash

There are two types of contact rash.

The first type of contact rash appears as red, raised bumps or patches, and can have a slightly crusty surface. It is extremely itchy. They can also run in a line on the skin from the irritant being scratched along the skin. This is often initially confined to one or two small areas on the body. However, they may spread over the next few days. It is caused by contact with an irritant such as poison ivy, other plants, cleaners, or other chemicals. Notice the red raised patch with crusty drainage in the middle. Notice the straight lines of rash due to scratching and spreading the poison.

This type of contact rash is treated with over-the-counter hydrocortisone 1%, calamine lotion, and Benadryl liquid for severe itching. Stronger prescription creams can be used if needed. You can prevent this type of rash by applying a lotion to the skin prior to adventuring, and then rinsing the skin after returning home, with a special lotion available at sporting goods stores. One such brand is Tech-Nu, but any brand should work.

The second type of contact rash is more generalized throughout the body, very similar to the generic viral rashes discussed above. It occurs as fine, red pimples, or small spots. It can be caused by a huge variety of irritants such as new clothes, soaps, shampoos, bubble baths, detergents or fabric softeners, suntan or other lotions, bed sheets, grass, swimming pools, or anything else that comes into contact with your child’s skin. The treatment is to figure out the cause, and use hydrocortisone as above if needed.

Impetigo

Impetigo is a bacterial infection in the skin that can occur just about anywhere but is most common around the mouth and nose. It appears as red, raised bumps or patches with a honey-colored crust on the surface. It is treated with a prescription antibiotic ointment.

Facial Rashes

Virtually all infants and young children will get a rash around the mouth and cheeks at some point during their childhood. It usually appears as flat patches, or slightly raised patches, with tiny red bumps scattered around the mouth and chin. For baby, rash around the mouth can be caused by drooling, pacifiers, allowing smeared food to remain too long on the face, or rubbing the face against parent’s clothes.

This rash will often remain for weeks at a time. Just when it seems to finally clear up, something irritates it again and it returns for another few weeks. In time, this will clear up for good, and no treatment is really necessary. If its appearance bothers you, you can try applying Aquaphor healing ointment, lanolin ointment (used for sore nipples during breastfeeding), or hydrocortisone 1% cream twice a day until clear. But be warned, it will probably come back.

Ringworm

This appears as a red, raised ring, with almost normal skin in the middle. Itching is common. There can be any number of these rings, from just one to 10 or more. This isn’t a viral rash, it is caused by a fungus. It is transmitted from other infected animals or people. A general rash of fine, red bumps can appear elsewhere on the body – this is an allergic reaction to the fungus that causes the rash. The treatment is over-the-counter Lotrimin AF (clotrimazole) twice a day for several weeks, or until clear. See our article on Ringworm for a more detailed discussion and a photo.

Warts

Warts are fairly obvious and typically occur on the hands and feet.

Molluscum warts

Molluscum warts are another type of wart, but have a different appearance and usually occur on the chest or upper thighs. They are smooth, skin-colored bumps that have a dimple in the center and usually occur in clusters. The size can vary, from the tip of a ball-point pen to about half the size of the eraser end of a pencil. They can also itch.

These are the most common rashes in children. Unless your child is acting extremely ill, none require an urgent call to the doctor or visit to the ER.

Caring for Common Childhood Rashes

Treating Childhood Rashes – When to See Your Doctor

After reviewing the above conditions and linked articles, this should help you in deciding if a doctor’s visit is necessary for your child. Here are two general guidelines:

You don’t need to see a doctor if the rash isn’t bothersome and your child is happy.
Most of these rashes can stay around for weeks. They will eventually go away on their own – even if it stems from a virus that causes rash symptoms. Your doctor should evaluate any rash that persists for more than four weeks.

Treating Petechiae or Purpura – Doctor Required

THE ONE RASH THAT REQUIRES AN URGENT CALL TO YOUR DOCTOR OR ER VISIT RIGHT AWAY
Petechiae or purpura forms when blood vessels under the skin break open. Petechiae appear as tiny, red, pinpoint, flat spots. They look as if someone used a fine-tip red ink pen to put little dots on the skin. Purpura is similar, but is larger and can be more purple or blue in color. The two most important signs that you can use to distinguish these spots from other rashes are:

They don’t blanch when you press on them. Many other kinds of spots, when pressed, will turn white or skin-colored for 1 or 2 seconds, and then turn red again. Petechiae and purpura will stay red or purple. They won’t blanch at all when pressed.
They are completely flat. Because they occur under the skin, you won’t be able to feel any bump.

There is one situation where petechiae are not urgent. If your child has a very bad cough or is vomiting, the pressure in the head can cause little blood vessels in the skin of the face and neck to rupture and form petechiae. THESE PETECHIAE ARE OK. THEY ARE NOTHING TO WORRY ABOUT.

PETECHIAE OR PURPURA FOUND ANYWHERE ELSE ON THE BODY BESIDES THE FACE AND NECK COULD BE A SIGN OF A BLEEDING PROBLEM OR A SERIOUS INFECTION. CONTACT YOUR DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY IF YOU SUSPECT PETECHIAE OR PURPURA.

Dr. Sears, or Dr. Bill as his “little patients” call him, has been advising busy parents on how to raise healthier families for over 40 years. He received his medical training at Harvard Medical School’s Children’s Hospital in Boston and The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, the world’s largest children’s hospital, where he was associate ward chief of the newborn intensive care unit before serving as the chief of pediatrics at Toronto Western Hospital, a teaching hospital of the University of Toronto. He has served as a professor of pediatrics at the University of Toronto, University of South Carolina, University of Southern California School of Medicine, and University of California: Irvine. As a father of 8 children, he coached Little League sports for 20 years, and together with his wife Martha has written more than 40 best-selling books and countless articles on nutrition, parenting, and healthy aging. He serves as a health consultant for magazines, TV, radio and other media, and his AskDrSears.com website is one of the most popular health and parenting sites. Dr. Sears has appeared on over 100 television programs, including 20/20, Good Morning America, Oprah, Today, The View, and Dr. Phil, and was featured on the cover of TIME Magazine in May 2012. He is noted for his science-made-simple-and-fun approach to family health.

August 20, 2020September 4, 2020Dr. Bill Sears

What is ‘COVID arm’? 7 new findings about Moderna arm rashes, per Yale study

More information has emerged about “COVID arm” — a delayed arm rash appearing after Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine is administered — including likelihood, duration and treatment.

A small study published in March found some recipients of Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine experienced delayed rashes. Another study, published May 12 in JAMA Dermatology and led by researchers from New Haven, Conn.-based Yale School of Medicine, provides more information about the condition.

Researchers examined 16 patients who experienced red and itchy blotches on their arms after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. The patients, whose ages ranged from 25 to 89, were referred to Yale New Haven (Conn.) Hospital from Jan. 20 through Feb. 12, 2021.

The researchers emphasized the fact that such reactions are rare, citing the clinical trial that led to the vaccine’s emergency approval, in which 312 such cases were reported out of more than 30,000 participants.

Seven report findings:

1. Of the 16 patients, 13 were women. Women are more vulnerable than men to “hypersensitivity” reactions to vaccines, and are also more likely to report such side effects to physicians, the researchers wrote.

2. None of the reactions arose at the time of vaccination. The skin reaction appeared anywhere from two to 12 days after the first Moderna shot, with a median latency to onset of seven days.

3. The arm reaction lasted for a median of five days, but could persist for up to 21 days.

4. Most people who had a skin reaction after the first shot also had a reaction after the second, typically around two days after the injection.

5. Treatments such as topical steroids, oral antihistamines and cool compresses can help.

6. No serious adverse events tied to this reaction were observed.

7. No such arm reactions were observed in individuals receiving Pfizer’s vaccine. It’s not known why Moderna vaccinations are tied to the side effect.

Yes, You Really Can Be Allergic To Cold Weather

Dislike of frigid temperatures may have some of us declaring that we are allergic to the cold. But for some people, an allergy to the cold is real.

The allergy is called cold urticaria, and those who have it experience itchy hives, redness and swelling when their skin is warmed after being exposed to cold temperatures below 39 degrees, says pediatric allergy and immunology specialist Eli Silver, MD.

“The exposure to cold sets them up to develop hives,” Dr. Silver says. “The hives begin when the skin is warmed.”

The Most Common Form

The most common form of cold urticaria develops and often disappears for no apparent reason.

The allergic reaction usually occurs within five to 10 minutes of the skin warming and can last for up to two hours, Dr. Silver says.

A typical example is when a person goes swimming, gets out of the pool and within two to five minutes, their skin breaks out in hives, Dr. Silver says.

“Usually they get mild hives on the hands and feet,” he says.

This form of the allergy is treated by avoiding exposing the skin to cold temperatures and taking antihistamines when exposure to the cold cannot be avoided, or when symptoms appear.

Some people may have a severe anaphylaxis response, which includes palpitations or wheezing. Those at risk for this kind of reaction can carry an epinephrine autoinjector.

Less Common Form is Inherited

The other form of the allergy is inherited and rare, Dr. Silver says.

“Familial cold auto-inflammatory syndrome comes from a genetic mutation from a gene that codes for a certain inflammatory protein,” Dr. Silver says. “While the more common cold urticaria is skin-deep, the inherited condition affects people on a deeper level and may require a trip to a rheumatologist and treatment with anti-inflammatory medicine.”

With the inherited allergy, it takes 24 to 48 hours for symptoms to appear, and the symptoms last longer – about 24 hours.

Cause Is Unknown

The cause of the common form of cold urticaria is not well understood, Dr. Silver says. It is thought to involve antibodies.

Cold urticaria symptoms may be triggered an infectious disease, insect bite, certain medications or blood cancers. But most often, symptoms may appear for seemingly no reason or underlying trigger, Dr. Silver says.

The allergy is fairly rare, occurring in about 5 percent of people, Dr. Silver says. The age of onset tends to be during adolescent years; many people with urticaria experience the allergy for about five years and then it disappears.

To diagnose the allergy, Dr. Silver says, an allergist will place a cold object such as an ice cube against the skin on the forearm for one to five minutes. People with cold urticaria will generally develop a distinct red and swollen rash within minutes.

Surprisingly, people with cold urticaria can still eat ice cream, Dr. Silver says.

“That may be because capillary bands in the skin are more prone to these kind of reactions than the tissues of the mouth,” he says.

Itching in Cold Weather | Cold Urticaria

There are a lot of uncomfortable things about running: blisters, bruised toenails, sore muscles, lower back pain, injuries…this could be the longest list ever. But itchy skin? Yep, itching during cold-weather runs is a thing, too.

“Most people suffer from dry, itchy skin when the temperatures start to drop,” says Sheel Desai Solomon, M.D., a dermatologist based in Raleigh, North Carolina. “Areas of irritated skin that become inflamed and itchy are commonly caused by bitter cold air, high winds, sunburn, and low humidity resulting in the natural oils and moisture being stripped from your skin. ”

Spending lots of time outside, like—ahem—on your runs, exposes your skin to more of these elements. Here are some specific reasons you’re experiencing itchy skin on (or after) your runs, plus how to deal.

Your skin is dry.

The most likely culprit? A classic case of dry skin. Like we said, winter air is high in wind and low in humidity, so it “sucks the moisture out of skin, drying out its natural barrier and creating an itching sensation and irritation,” Solomon says. “Winter itch,’” she notes, “is sometimes referred to as winter eczema, asteatotic eczema, and eczema craquele. For some, the dryness is so severe that the skin becomes cracked and inflamed.”

Even if you don’t have any visible or painful effects of dry skin, a little moisture loss can still manifest itself in that itching feeling, especially if you’re spending a ton of time outside, then following with a nice warm shower (like pretty much everyone does in the winter).

“Long, hot showers and baths strip away the skin’s natural oils,” Solomon says. Limit your showers to ten minutes during the winter and follow a moisturizer to restore some hydration. Look for products with ingredients like ceramides, glycerin, and/or shea butter.

Your gear is all wrong.

In an attempt to stay warm, you expose your skin to more fabric in the winter, so it’s important to choose your clothing wisely. “Sweat can cause irritation against non-moisture wicking materials,” says Dendy Engelman, M.D., director of dermatologic surgery at Metropolitan Hospital in New York City. She says to avoid cotton, which “clings to the body, trapping moisture” and to look for moisture-wicking materials instead.

Cold-Weather Gear

Best Hat

Merino Sport 250 Beanie

Smartwool
amazon.com

Made of 100 percent merino wool, this beanie is perfect for all wintry weather thanks to a double-locked construction.

Best Base Layer

Long Sleeve Training Top

Shop Women’s

Nike’s dri-fit technology is designed to be ultralight and sweat-wicking while keeping you covered.

Best Tights

Coldgear Run Tight

Under Armour
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$74.20

Shop Men’s

Great for a base layer or on its own, these reflective tights will keep you warm without any awkward winter sweat.

Best Jacket

Repel Running Jacket

Craft Sportswear
amazon.com

$174.99

Shop Women’s

The Repel Run has a tight yet stretchy fit, with four-way elasticity and Ventair wind- and waterproof fabric.

You have a heat rash.

“A heat rash occurs when sweat ducts become clogged, so the sweat can’t get to the surface of the skin and it becomes trapped beneath the surface, causing a mild inflammation or rash,” Dr. Solomon says. This is more common in the summer, but it’s also possible when sweating excessively in tight clothes that don’t breathe. Try the 11 Best Pieces of Running Gear to Fend off Winter’s Chill (not your old college sweatshirt).

You haven’t run in a while.

Kudos to you for getting back into your running routine during the coldest time of the year, but there’s a downside to going hard on those New Year’s resolutions: “If you’re out of shape, your capillaries tend to collapse, not allowing as much blood to pass through,” Solomon says. “When your capillaries expand, the surrounding nerves become stimulated and send messages to the brain, which reads as itching.” But hang in there: “Keep exercising to allow the body to adapt,” Solomon says. “Regular exercise has positive effects on blood flow and blood vessels.”

[Smash your goals with a Runner’s World Training Plan, designed for any speed and any distance.]

You have a bigger problem.

This one is rare, but possible. There’s something called exercise-induced urticaria, a condition “that can manifest as hives, redness, swelling or itching as a result of exercise,” Engelman says. “We’re not sure what the cause is, other than genetics, so in this case, an antihistamine could reduce those symptoms.” But if you’re breaking out in hives every time you sweat, see a doctor before taking things into your own hands.

Solomon adds that “certain medications, thyroid disorders, kidney disease, liver disease, pancreatic issues, iron deficiency, nerve disorders, and cancer” can also cause itchy skin. Again, see a doc if moisturizer and sweat-wicking fabrics aren’t cutting it.

Kiera Carter
Kiera Carter has a decade’s worth of experience covering fitness, health, and lifestyle topics for national magazines and websites.

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90,000 Keloid scars – Treatment in Kiev – Symptoms and signs

Keloid (keloid scar) – tumor-like growth of rough fibrous connective tissue of the skin. Keloid can develop spontaneously (true keloid), but more often there are cases of keloid development at the site of the scar after any damage to the skin (mechanical, burn, damage due to disease). Keloid scars are often the result of other surgical treatments.

Keloids of both types are similar, they are dense tumor-like formations of pink, red or bluish color, having a different shape, with a shiny smooth, less often wrinkled surface.The skin in the area of the keloid scar is tense and may become thinner. With keloid injury, ulcers that are difficult to heal can develop.

Secondary keloids correspond to the outline of damage to the skin from the initial injury, but often go beyond its limits
Spontaneous keloids are characterized by irregular, star-shaped, shape. Characteristic is the presence of pincer cords penetrating into healthy skin, which distinguishes keloid scars from hypertrophic scars.

Keloid scar growth begins after the wound has healed and lasts about a year until a mature scar is formed. At first, keloid grows rapidly, then, after 6-18 months it reaches a certain size, after which it remains in a stationary state for years. The growth of a keloid scar after burns of II – III degree begins earlier (by 1-3 months) than after surgery (up to a year). Two years after the injury, the development of keloids was not observed.

As it matures, the keloid turns pale, turns white, or takes on the color of normal skin. In the initial stage of development, itching, hypersensitivity, painful pressure are felt.

Keloid scars most often develop on the chest, especially in the sternum, on the face, ears, neck, in the interscapular region. In burn patients, keloids were more often observed on the arms and legs, face, trunk, and neck. However, cases of the formation of keloids on any part of the skin, incl.hours in the oral cavity.

Treatment

The most effective method of treating keloid scars is high-precision superficial electron therapy . The radical difference between electronic therapy and the methods of treating keloid scars that are widespread in Ukraine (such as surgical excision without electron therapy, treatment (“burning out”) with liquid nitrogen or a laser) is a significantly lower likelihood of recurrence – even larger scars – at the site of radical method.

Radiation therapy – electron therapy – IMRT of keloid scars

As practice shows, in the presence of a person’s tendency to form keloid scars, their treatment with a surgical method (excision followed by wound healing) is ineffective due to the high likelihood of recurrence. The principle of conducting electron therapy of keloids is similar to the treatment of basal cell carcinoma.

Electron therapy

Thanks to the latest generation linear accelerator Elekta Synergy, superficial electronic therapy (treatment) of keloid scars is carried out with the highest precision.Particles (electrons) with a given energy penetrate only into the tissue of the keloid – to the minimum depth, exactly corresponding to its depth. At the same time, healthy tissues that are deeper than the scar itself are not exposed to radiation – it is completely absorbed by the scar tissues. And thanks to the individual collimator, which exactly repeats the shape of the keloid, the radiation affects only the volume of the scar, without going beyond its limits.

Electronic therapy for both mature scars and prophylactic therapy after surgical interventions is carried out, designed to prevent the development of keloid scars in the presence of indications based on the patient’s predisposition to their occurrence, especially with previously occurring scars.

According to long-term studies, the recurrence-free method of removing keloids is more than 75-80 %%, which is almost TWO times more effective with other methods of treatment ( surgery , cryodestruction ), in which new, even larger scars develop in 40-50% of cases.

Treatment of keloid scars is carried out on an outpatient basis, without hospitalization. The course of electronic therapy for keloid scars, depending on the required treatment, can last from 5 to 35 sessions (fractions) of about 5 minutes each.

Laser removal of scars, scars, stretch marks

Scars isscars are called connective skin tissue, which is formed together with injuries, burns, operations and inflammatory processes after their healing. Stretch marks or striae are also considered a type of scars. Scars on open areas of the body are an aesthetic problem and can provoke the appearance of psychological complexes.

Types of scars to remove

In medicine, the following types of cicatricial skin changes are distinguished:

normotrophic – formed at the sites of small lesions, slightly lighter than healthy skin, have reduced or normal sensitivity;
atrophic – are formed with a reduced production of connective tissue fibers, have a pink or whitish color, the tissues are below the skin level;
hypertrophic – most often formed at the site of the surgical wound, with excessive formation of connective tissue, protrude above the level of the skin;
keloid – characterized by excessive formation of connective tissue, a sluggish inflammatory process and a tendency to grow into healthy areas of the skin.

Depending on the type of scars, a resurfacing technique is selected, the depth of laser exposure, and the need for additional use of drugs is determined. Laser removal of scars allows you to achieve a good therapeutic result, regardless of their type. Keloid scars additionally require medical treatment.

The procedure is performed using the SmartXide DOT2 + RF apparatus (DEKA, Italy).

The fractional CO2 laser beam in the SmartXide DOT2 + RF consists of multiple micro-beams.Each micro-bundle jewelry evaporates old skin cells and leaves micro-holes on the skin – zones that begin to fill with young cells. The fractional CO2 laser beam in the SmartXide DOT2 + RF is composed of multiple micro-beams. Each micro-bundle jewelry evaporates old skin cells and leaves micro-holes on the skin – zones that begin to fill with young cells. The skin around each microdamage zone remains unaffected, which provides optimal conditions for recovery.

SmartXide DOT2 + RF DROT technology outperforms previous generation DOT technology by combining a CO2 laser with simultaneous RF exposure. Bipolar radiolifting in the SmartXide DOT2 + RF device stimulates powerful collagen synthesis by skin cells and allows you to get pronounced tissue lifting. In this case, it becomes possible to reduce the effect of the CO2 laser, significantly reduce the recovery time after the procedure, while maintaining the effect completely. On soft parameters, the procedure can be carried out in the summer.

Scar resurfacing does not require specific preparation. 2 weeks before the start of the course, the patient is prohibited from chemical and mechanical peels, traumatic rejuvenating procedures, sunbathing on the beach or in a solarium.

At the appointment, the doctor will tell you the approximate timing of therapy and the required number of sessions to remove the scar with a laser, as well as announce the price.

What is darsonval and what is it for – articles Doctor Elephant

What is this apparatus

Darsonval is an apparatus for physiotherapy and beauty treatments. Using a pulsed alternating current, the device expands blood vessels, improves blood circulation and nutrition of skin and mucous membranes, as well as hair. Previously, the device was mainly used in hospitals, but now there are models that can be used at home.

The device is small – slightly larger than an electric toothbrush or portable irrigator.

If you want to reduce oily skin, reduce swelling and inflammation, get rid of acne and prevent the development of wrinkles, darsonval can help with this.With a daily procedure from electrical discharges, pores are narrowed and the complexion improves.

In small amounts, darsonval releases ozone and nitrogen oxides. They have bactericidal properties and help treat acne.

Attachments for hair and face are included with the device

Darsonval Face

The result from darsonvalization will become noticeable only after the course, at least 10 procedures are required – each for 15 minutes. It is recommended to use the device in case of loss of elasticity, swelling and inflammation and other skin problems.

For pimples, acne and blackheads.
For oily skin care.
For cuts, bruises and scratches – to speed up regeneration.
For the prevention of wrinkles.

Techniques for using the device

The contact technique involves contact of the electrode with the skin and is used most often.With this method, there is a feeling of weak warmth. Upon contact with the skin, the device has an analgesic effect, relieves muscle spasms and tones blood vessels.

Mushroom attachment is usually used for the face

Remote technique – the device acts on the skin at a distance of 1-3 mm. During the procedure, a slight tingling sensation is felt, blue lightning discharges are visible, and a quiet crackling is heard. The advantage of this technique is its bactericidal effect – it is most often used in the treatment of problem skin with acne.

For easier sliding of the electrode, it is recommended to use talcum powder, baby powder, powder.

Darsonval Hair

With insufficient nutrition of the hair follicles and impaired blood circulation in both men and women, there is a risk of hair loss and baldness. Darsonval produces weak electric shocks that dilate blood vessels and normalize the condition of the hair. In addition, electronic pulses disinfect and destroy harmful microorganisms.

In 2015, Korean scientists studied the effect of alternating current on stimulating hair growth, and after a week of the experiment, they concluded that hair in the stimulated areas began to grow again due to the activation of hair follicles.

This was the first study to examine the cellular and molecular effects of electricity on hair.

Darsonval for hair loss

The darsonvalization procedure is recommended for people with thin and sparse hair strands.In some cases, the darsonval apparatus allows you to fight baldness.

After the course, the metabolism improves, the work of the autonomic nervous system is normalized, the endocrine system begins to function more actively. Hair becomes thicker and hair roots are strengthened.

Darsonval reduces oiliness and dandruff

With hormonal and physiological problems, the scalp can secrete more sebum than necessary. This makes your hair look unwashed and greasy all the time.

Due to its antimicrobial and disinfectant properties, darsonval normalizes the work of the sebaceous glands and metabolic processes in the scalp. One course of treatments will improve the appearance of hair, tighten pores and reduce sebum. It will also help get rid of dandruff.

The darsonvalization procedure is carried out using a special nozzle-comb

Nozzles for the Darsonval apparatus

Comb attachment

The brush attachment awakens dormant hair follicles and strengthens hair, restoring its natural shine.The electric charge carried out by the comb attachment regulates the sebaceous glands.

Mushroom nozzle

It is used for problematic and oily skin of the face, normalizes the work of the sebaceous glands. Effectively fights cellulite – improves lymph flow and blood circulation, saturates the skin with oxygen.

T-piece

It is often used to prevent and treat back problems.The shape of the nozzle allows the current to be more evenly distributed over large areas of the body, such as the back, thoracic region, and legs.

Straight attachment

The universal attachment is suitable for procedures on wider parts of the face and body, arms, legs, thighs, buttocks. This electrode is used to get rid of cellulite, varicose veins, osteochondrosis. Also used to treat scars, wounds and scars on the skin.

Petal attachment

Petal attachment – a attachment for the face that restores skin elasticity, prevents the development of wrinkles, normalizes the work of the sebaceous glands and skin turgor.Used for the face and décolleté area.

How to use the device

Before and after the procedure, the electrodes should be disinfected with a cotton pad with any antibacterial agent. It is forbidden to wash the electrodes.

It is recommended to take off all metal objects – bracelets, rings, earrings. During the procedure, do not use a mobile phone or other electrical or metal devices.

How often to use darsonval

It is recommended to carry out the darsonvalization procedure in a course of up to 25 sessions.For skin and hair treatments, the number of sessions is different. The break between courses is also different.

Darsonval for hair treatment:

The course should not exceed 20-25 sessions;
the device is recommended to be used daily;
break between courses – 3 months.

Darsonval for facial treatment:

The course should not exceed 15–20 sessions;
sessions should be carried out every other day;
first session – 5 minutes, then lengthen according to the doctor’s recommendations;
break – 2-3 weeks.

Darsonval for cellulite treatment:

First session – 5 minutes, subsequent – gradually increase up to half an hour;
sessions should be carried out every other day for 2-3 weeks;
break between courses – 2-3 weeks.

Contraindications

It is not recommended to use darsonval at home if you have problems with the skin, blood circulation and some chronic diseases:

for bleeding and bleeding disorders;
for epilepsy, tuberculosis and acute febrile conditions;
for skin sensitivity disorder;
in the presence of malignant tumors;
for skin diseases such as psoriasis, eczema, dermatitis;
with dilatation of red blood vessels on the face;
for cardiovascular insufficiency;
as well as with excessive facial hair growth (hirsutism).

Correction of scars and scars in Moscow from 35,000 rubles

Scarring is a natural reaction of the skin to injury, burns, or surgery. Normally, a scar is a painless, light, inconspicuous strip. In all other cases, you can perform a special aesthetic operation, which allows you to eliminate gross deforming scars after previously performed surgical interventions or injuries, to give them a more accurate and less pronounced appearance.

Indications for scar correction

Unaesthetic form of scar after operative surgery or healed trauma;
atrophic (depressed) scar located below the skin surface;
stretch marks (striae) – scars resulting from severe stretching of the skin as a result of pregnancy or significant weight fluctuations;
hypertrophic scar – tissue proliferation as a result of inflammation or non-compliance with recommendations for recovery after surgery, has the form of a bright pink ridge above the skin surface;
keloid scar – a pathological change in the scar caused by a special reaction of the body to damage.As a rule, it has a bright color, protrudes strongly above the surface of the skin and is painful to touch.

Individual consultation

Thank you for your application.
Our operator will contact you from 8:00 to 22:00
Applications received after 22:00 will be processed the next day.

Contraindications for scar correction surgery

Aesthetic correction of scars and scars is not performed until the age of 18, during pregnancy and lactation, in case of blood clotting disorders (hemophilia), as well as in case of decompensation of diseases of the cardiovascular system and respiratory tract, systemic diseases, decompensated diabetes mellitus, etc.

How is scar correction performed

The main goal of the surgery is to make scars and scars less visible. Depending on the type of scar and its size, a correction technique is chosen – from exclusively cosmetological to combined, including, among other things, surgical excision of the deformed scar. In relation to keloid scars, preliminary preparation is required before aesthetic correction (as a rule, this is injection, laser, microcurrent and drug therapy).

During the operation, an unaesthetic scar and damaged skin areas are carefully removed with the imposition of cosmetic intradermal sutures in order to obtain a light thin scar of the correct shape after healing.

Scar correction is performed under local or general anesthesia and takes 30 to 60 minutes. No long hospital stay is required after the operation.

Rehabilitation period after scar correction

After the operation, it is important to fix the operated area as tightly as possible – for this, special compression hosiery is used (bandage, bra, belt, shorts, stockings or knee-highs – depending on the location of the scar).Within a month, you should stop playing sports, lifting weights, visiting the sauna, solarium and swimming pool.

Physiotherapy helps to speed up the healing process – microcurrents, phonophoresis, ultrasound and laser therapy.

After healing, the scars can be made even less pronounced with the help of collagen therapy or laser resurfacing in our Beauty Center “CM-Cosmetology”.

Result of scar correction surgery

Getting rid of any flaws in appearance primarily provides psychological comfort.And scar correction is one of the ways to regain a feeling of confidence and attractiveness. And if it is completely impossible to get rid of the consequences of surgical operations or an injury received, then with the help of plastics, you can give scars a more accurate aesthetic shape.

Cost of scar correction surgery

All the details of the surgical correction of the operation scars and its exact cost can be found during a consultation with a plastic surgeon. The order of prices for our services is presented in the section “Prices”.You can make an appointment by calling +7 (495) 777-48-05 or via the feedback form.

Our advantages

Experienced surgeons

Modern equipment

Free consultation

Affordable prices

European service

Credit transaction

Our patients have access to operations for plastic correction of postoperative scars on credit *, regardless of whether this operation is performed for aesthetic reasons or for medical reasons.

This requires:

Come for an individual consultation with a CM-Plastika specialist, where the doctor will determine the possibility of an operation, the scope of the surgical intervention and a preliminary treatment plan.
Based on these data, the cost will be determined.
Fill out an application for a loan * in the form of a bank and wait for the approval of the application, and then proceed to treatment according to the plan established by the doctor.

You can sign up for a consultation and find out the details of the conditions for obtaining a loan * to pay for the services of “SM-Plastic” by calling: +7 (495) 777-48-05.

In case of payment for medical services on credit *, discounts on the “CM-Clinic” and “CM-Plastika” discount programs are not provided.

* The loan is provided to OTP Bank JSC on the basis of the General License of the Bank of Russia No. 2766 dated November 27, 2014

Removal of scars and scars on the body in Moscow

Treatment of scars and scars

Treatment of scars and scars in women

Every woman is well aware of how one small detail can adversely affect the whole image.Scars and scars are what makes a woman feel imperfect.

A scar from an appendicitis, caesarean section, or other surgery is difficult to go unnoticed at the beach or pool. The fair sex is forced to feel awkward when the eyes of others are riveted to a defect on their body or face.

Our experts are well aware of how important it is for a woman to look perfect. The experience and knowledge of the doctors “CM-Cosmetology” in combination with modern methods of aesthetic medicine will help you realize your dream of flawless skin.

Treatment of scars and scars in men

Alas, not all scars adorn a man. Especially if the scar is torn and deforming.

Our clinic has everything you need to save a man from an unaesthetic flaw. Thanks to modern techniques, drugs and laser technologies, our specialists will help to correct and make even deep scars less visible.

After injuries, operations, burns or the consequences of certain diseases, rather large and ugly scars and scars often remain on the body.They are not dangerous for health, but they can create psychological discomfort. Most often it concerns the face. Despite the well-known saying: “Scars adorn men”, men seek to correct these “imperfections” on their bodies. For this, a special procedure has been invented – laser resurfacing of scars and scars.

Laser resurfacing of scars allows to activate regenerative processes on the skin. The effect of a concentrated beam of light goes only to the place of the scar or scar and does not affect healthy areas of the skin.Laser stimulation activates the production of collagen and elastin fibers, which gradually replaces scar tissue with young cells.

Laser resurfacing of scars and scars is often performed using an anesthetic cream, therefore it is comfortable for the patient. The result of this procedure will be a smoothed relief of the damaged skin area and an improvement in the aesthetic appearance of scar tissue.

It should be noted that scars that have appeared on the skin no later than half a year can be “corrected” in one or two sessions of laser resurfacing, in the presence of numerous deep defects for the most aesthetic results, it is recommended to combine laser resurfacing with chemical peels and collagen stimulating therapy.Therefore, do not postpone your visit to the beautician at a later date.

Biorevitalization is a modern technique that allows, with the help of injections of special preparations, to activate the production of skin cells of their own hyaluronic acid, collagen and elastin fibers. Thanks to this procedure, natural regeneration processes are triggered, the skin is deeply moisturized, smoothed and smoothed. The regenerative processes that begin in the tissues under the influence of injection biorevitalization help to significantly reduce the severity of cicatricial formations and scars.

More details

Collagen therapy is one of the newest and most effective procedures in the field of modern cosmetology. With the help of subcutaneous injections, a special preparation based on collagen of animal origin, Collost, enters the human body. The introduction of Collost stimulates the patient’s body to produce its own collagen, resulting in an intensive process of tissue regeneration. Despite the fact that the effect of this procedure can not be observed immediately, it is worth it! Against the background of such procedures, there is a significant smoothing of the skin reliefs.The intensive formation of collagen fibers makes even the deepest scars and scars “rise”.

More details

In the clinic “CM-Cosmetology” CO2 laser is used for laser correction of scars and scars. Its impact is directed not at full renewal of the surface layer of the skin.

As a result of fractional thermolysis in the treated area, the texture of the skin is leveled, and there is a significant reduction in scars and scars.

The laser “removes” the top layer of the skin, along with unpleasant scar formation.Microdamages caused by the laser give an impulse to active restoration of the skin structure over the entire treated surface. Damaged tissues are replaced with new fibers, and all metabolic processes are also stimulated.

The main advantage of using a CO2 laser is a long-lasting anti-aging and polishing effect. Despite the longer (in comparison with other procedures) rehabilitation period, CO 2 laser shows good results in the elimination of deep cosmetic defects (scars, wrinkles, age spots, etc.).etc.).

More details

Mesotherapy is a modern technique that allows, by introducing special injections under the skin, to effectively treat scars and scars formed on the face and body. Doctors of “CM-Cosmetology” carry out the procedure of mesotherapy, subject to all the rules of sterility and the characteristics of the patient’s skin. The revitalizing effect of hyaluronic acid, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, amino acids and trace elements that make up cosmetic cocktails can be observed after just a few procedures.At the same time, the result will last for a long time.

More details

Thanks to the effect on the deep layers of the skin, the latest Fraxel re: store DUAL laser allows you to completely remove small scars and significantly reduce deep scars. The deep effect of the laser allows you to cope even with the consequences of lacerated wounds. The course of laser scar correction procedures evens out the skin relief, making its structure and color more uniform.

More details

Individual consultation

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90,000 how to quickly get rid of cellulite, stretch marks and scars

It is possible to rejuvenate the skin and get rid of cellulite, stretch marks and scars quickly and without surgery.Carboxytherapy is a safe procedure that enriches cells with oxygen and stimulates the body’s natural regenerative forces.

During the session, the doctor injects carbon dioxide under the patient’s skin. This improves blood circulation and stimulates collagen production.

Who Should See Procedure

Carboxytherapy solves the following problems:

Cellulite and excess fat. Carbon dioxide can also be injected into areas with increased amounts of fat.Under the influence of gas, fat cells are destroyed.
Scars, scars and stretch marks. They are a consequence of the destruction of skin collagen. The introduction of carbon dioxide triggers the production of new collagen, which thickens the skin and improves its appearance.
Dark circles under the eyes. Dark circles under the eyes are often caused by poor circulation. The injection of gas under the eyelid improves blood circulation and removes unhealthy skin color.
Loose skin. Under the influence of carbon dioxide, the skin begins to actively produce collagen.
Alopecia (hair loss). If poor circulation is the cause of your hair loss, carboxytherapy can also help.

Are there any contraindications

The therapy is suitable for people of all ages and is safe for all skin types. It relieves both new stretch marks and scars and old ones.

The procedure is also successfully used in various courses of stimulation of collagen and elastin, as well as for tightening and lightening the skin.

Additional application

Occasionally proydura is used for gynecological diseases. However, the effects are not fully understood.

Course Results

Carboxytherapy has a number of effects:

improves skin smoothness and elasticity;
improves blood circulation;
restores collagen;
removes fine wrinkles;
destroys localized fat deposits.

Results are stored over time.

In addition, carboxytherapy can be used for rejuvenation. By the age of thirty, the supply of oxygen to the skin cells drops by about 25%. And at the age of forty – by about 50% in favor of a greater supply of oxygen to the internal organs. Due to the lack of oxygen, it is more difficult for the cells of the dermis to recover, so the skin tone is lost.

Side Effects

There are practically no side effects. A small bruise may appear at the injection site, especially on the arms and legs.However, it will pass within seven days.

Also, within 24 hours after the session, warmth and tingling may be felt in the area of the treated areas. This improves circulation.

How It Works

Excess carbon dioxide is a signal that tells the body about poor blood circulation. When the volume of CO2 in the cells increases greatly, they begin to more actively collect it and release oxygen molecules.

When a doctor injects a small amount of carbon dioxide under the skin, it causes red blood cells to rush to the injection site.This allows you to trick the body to improve blood circulation in the desired area. In response to this process, new collagen is formed. The skin is thickened and smoothed.

Poor blood circulation is the root of problems such as dark circles under the eyes, cellulite and stretch marks. Therefore, carboxytherapy works.

Advantages over other therapies

The procedure is time-tested and has a number of advantages:

non-toxic;
painlessness;
Less invasive compared to procedures like liposuction
session speed;
low cost.

When carrying out such simple procedures as carboxytherapy, the price does not exceed several thousand per session.

Laser and light treatments may be unsafe for people with dark skin tones. Carbon dioxide injection is suitable for all skin types.

Carbon dioxide has long been used in methods such as laparoscopic surgery. Therefore, its effect on the body has been thoroughly studied.

Why is it safe

Carbon dioxide is a natural constituent in the body’s work.He participates in metabolic processes.

When a person inhales oxygen into the lungs, red blood cells “collect” it and carry it to other tissues and organs. The cell processes oxygen and transforms it into carbon dioxide, which is then independently excreted through the lungs.

Carbon dioxide is naturally released from the body during respiration. And therefore, it is not capable of causing allergic and other undesirable reactions. For example, during laparoscopy, hundreds of times higher doses of this gas are used without any consequences for the body.