Bilberry | NCCIH

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Common Names: bilberry, European blueberry, whortleberry, huckleberry

Latin Names: Vaccinium myrtillus

Background

• The bilberry bush is native to northern areas of Europe and Asia, the northern United States, and Canada. Its dark berries resemble blueberries.
• Its name is derived from the Danish word bollebar, which means “dark berry.”
• Bilberry has been used for medicinal purposes since the Middle Ages. The berries and leaves are the parts of the plant that are used. Historically, bilberry has been used for a variety of conditions, including diarrhea, inflammation of the mouth, urinary problems, and diabetes. It’s also been used traditionally to prevent scurvy, due to its high vitamin C content. During World War II, British pilots ate bilberry jam, thinking it would improve their night vision.
• Today, bilberry is promoted as a dietary supplement for night vision, cataracts, varicose veins, and other conditions such as atherosclerosis (in which plaque builds up in arteries).

How Much Do We Know?

• There are few high-quality clinical trials (studies in people) of bilberry supplements.

What Have We Learned?

• There’s little scientific evidence to support the use of bilberry for many health conditions.
• A few recent studies have suggested possible beneficial effects of bilberry. However, these studies involved small numbers of people. More research would be needed to confirm these findings.
  • Results from a small clinical study (24 people) suggest that consuming bilberries may reduce gum inflammation and bleeding.
  • Data from a Japanese study with 88 office workers suggest that a bilberry extract helped with eye fatigue.
  • Data from a small study with 21 people suggest that consuming bilberry juice for 5 days before and 2 days after a half-marathon may lead to small to moderate transient increases in muscle soreness and inflammation in recreationally trained runners.
• The berries have a high concentration of polyphenols called anthocyanins, which some studies suggest may have health benefits.

What Do We Know About Safety?

• Bilberry fruit is considered safe when consumed in amounts typically found in foods, or as an extract for 6 months to a year.
• Bilberry leaves may be unsafe when taken orally (by mouth) in high doses or for long periods of time.
• Little is known about whether it’s safe to use bilberry during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. (Consuming amounts typically found in foods is considered safe.)
• Bilberry may interact with a cancer drug called erlotinib (Tarceval), antidiabetes drugs, or medications that slow blood clotting. If you’re taking medicine, talk with your health care provider before taking bilberry supplements.

Keep in Mind

• Take charge of your health—talk with your health care providers about any complementary health approaches you use. Together, you can make shared, well-informed decisions.

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Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS), National Institutes of Health (NIH)

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Key References

• Bilberry. Natural Medicines website. Accessed at naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com on October 14, 2019. [Database subscription].
• Bilberry. LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda, MD: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Accessed at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548250/ on October 29. 2019.
• Lynn A, Garner S, Nelson N, et al. Effect of bilberry juice on indices of muscle damage and inflammation in runners competing a half-marathon: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 2018;15:22.
• Ozawa Y, Kawashima M, Inoue S, et al. Bilberry extract supplementation for preventing eye fatigue in video display terminal workers. Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging. 2015;19(5):548-554.
• Tjelle TE, Holtung L, Bøhn SK, et al. Polyphenol-rich juices reduce blood pressure measures in a randomized controlled trial in high normal and hypertensive volunteers. British Journal of Nutrition. 2015;114(7):1054-1063.
• Widén C, Coleman M, Critén M, et al. Consumption of bilberries controls gingival inflammation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2015;16(5):10,665-10,673.
• Yamaura K, Shimada M, Ueno K. Anthocyanins from bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) alleviate pruritus in a mouse model of chronic allergic contact dermatitis. Pharmacognosy Research. 2011;3(3):173-177.

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Last Updated: August 2020

9 Emerging Health Benefits of Bilberries

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Bilberries are linked to various health benefits, from improved vision to lower blood sugar and cholesterol levels.

Bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus) are small, blue berries native to Northern Europe.

They’re often referred to as European blueberries, as they’re very similar in appearance to North American blueberries (1).

Bilberries have purportedly been used for medicinal purposes since the Middle Ages, while their juice was traditionally used to dye linen and paper (2).

Here are 9 emerging health benefits of bilberries, all backed by science.

Like most berries, bilberries are a nutrient-rich fruit.

With a nutritional profile resembling that of blueberries, they are commonly known as European blueberries, as they belong to the same plant family as this popular fruit (3).

Accordingly, bilberries can be expected to offer around 85 calories, 15 grams of naturally-occurring sugar, and 4 grams of fiber per cup (148 grams).

Similarly to blueberries, they likely contain around 85% water, as well as good amounts of manganese and vitamins C and K (4).

Summary

Bilberries are relatively low in calories, yet a good source of water, fiber, manganese, and vitamins C and K.

Bilberries are rich in antioxidants, which are beneficial plant compounds that help protect your body against damage and disease.

Research shows that berries, including blueberries, are among the foods with the highest antioxidant levels. Due to their close relationship to blueberries, bilberries likely share the same properties (5, 6).

Bilberries contain vitamin C and phenolic acids and are an especially good source of anthocyanins, the powerful flavonoid antioxidant that gives red, purple, and blue fruits and vegetables their characteristic color (1, 7).

Anthocyanins are thought to be responsible for most of these berries’ health benefits.

Summary

Berries are one of the best dietary sources of antioxidants. Bilberries are an especially good source of anthocyanins, a powerful antioxidant likely responsible for their health benefits.

Bilberries are most popular for their purported ability to improve vision, particularly night vision.

A few small studies have researched these berries’ effects on night vision but concluded that this benefit is not supported by strong evidence (8).

That said, bilberries may benefit your vision in other ways.

Other studies suggest that supplementing with 160–480 mg of powdered bilberry extract daily may reduce eye dryness and other symptoms of eye fatigue caused by working with video display terminals (9, 10, 11).

However, more research is needed to confirm these benefits.

Summary

Bilberries may improve vision in people with glaucoma and reduce eye fatigue and dryness in people working with video display terminals. However, more research in this area is needed.

Bilberries may help fight inflammation, which is believed to be the root cause of many diseases.

This effect may partly be due to their content of anthocyanins, which are antioxidants with anti-inflammatory properties (1).

Data from studies show that bilberry reduces levels of inflammatory markers in most clinical studies of metabolic disorders and may be useful for the prevention and treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders (12).

One study including 24 participants showed preliminary improvements in signs and symptoms of severe dry eyes after taking dietary supplementation of bilberry extract and fish oil for 3 months (13).

However, more research is needed to confirm these effects.

Summary

Bilberries are rich in anthocyanins, which are antioxidants that may reduce markers of inflammation.

Bilberry extract appears effective in lowering HbA1c and total and LDL cholesterol (14).

Anthocyanins in bilberries are mainly associated with oxidative stress inhibition and gut microbiota modulation (15).

Anthocyanins are powerful antioxidants and play an important role in the prevention of metabolic disease and type 2 diabetes (16).

An 8-week study showed that a diet enriched with fresh bilberries increased insulin secretion in adults with metabolic syndrome, a cluster of conditions that increases your risk of type 2 diabetes, stroke, and heart disease (17).

However, more human studies are needed before strong conclusions can be drawn.

Summary

Bilberries may stimulate insulin secretion and prevent the breakdown of carbs in your gut, both of which may help lower blood sugar levels. Still, more human studies are needed.

Bilberries may benefit the health of your heart. Test-tube research suggests that the specific mix of anthocyanins in bilberries may help lower blood pressure (18).

In one 8-week study, 35 people who took a mixture of various berries, including bilberries, daily experienced improved platelet function, blood pressure, and HDL (good) cholesterol levels — all markers linked to a healthier heart (19).

Increasing research has showed that anthocyanins in berries help in protecting vision, inhibition of lipid peroxidation, anti-cardiovascular disease properties and control of hypoglycemic conditions (20).

Yet, more research is needed to confirm these effects.

Summary

Bilberries may help lower blood pressure, reduce LDL (bad) cholesterol, and increase HDL (good) cholesterol, thus improving your heart health. Nevertheless, more human studies are needed.

Bilberries may offer the following additional health benefits:

7. May improve brain function. Powdered bilberry supplements are linked to improved long-term and working memory in older adults (21).
8. May kill bacteria. Test-tube studies show that bilberries may have antimicrobial effects against potentially harmful bacteria, such as Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus (22).
9. May improve symptoms of ulcerative colitis (UC). A study in 13 people found that daily intake of a bilberry supplement reduced chronic inflammation of the colon and rectum in people with UC (23).

Keep in mind that these studies were small, and some lacked a placebo group, making it difficult to determine whether the bilberry supplements are what caused the beneficial effects. Therefore, more studies are needed.

Summary

Bilberries may improve learning and memory in older adults, fight off certain bacteria, and reduce symptoms of ulcerative colitis. However, more studies are needed to confirm these effects.

There are many ways to add bilberries to your diet.

They have a similar yet slightly more intense flavor than blueberries. You can eat them fresh or dried, on their own, or as part of any recipe that might include blueberries.

For instance, bilberries make a great addition to pancakes, muffins, and other baked goods. You can also include them in smoothies, oatmeal, salads, and yogurt parfaits.

Plus, they can be used to make jam, or you can simply mash them with a fork to use as a quick spread on your toast.

Bilberry supplements are an alternative way to add this fruit to your diet. They can be found as drops or in the form of powdered tablets or capsules in health stores and online.

However, the whole fruit may be more beneficial, as it likely provides an array of other nutrients not found in most supplements.

Summary

Fresh and dried bilberries can be eaten on their own or incorporated into a variety of recipes. Bilberries can also be found in powdered and liquid supplements.

Bilberries are considered safe for most people when consumed in typical amounts.

However, the larger doses found in some supplements may be problematic, especially when taken over long periods (24).

Bilberries are rich in vitamin K, which thickens blood and helps your blood clot. It may impact those that need their blood thinner to prevent a stroke. Consult your health care provider as vitamin K interacts with certain medications. (25).

Bilberry supplements may not be safe for children, as well as pregnant or breastfeeding women. They may also interact with some medications, so be sure to consult your healthcare provider before adding them to your diet.

Though bilberry leaf tea is sometimes used as an herbal remedy, the leaves are considered poisonous and experts don’t recommend them for this use (26).

The limited number of studies and large variations in dosages make it challenging to determine the most effective dose. Still, most human studies have used anywhere between 50 grams of fresh bilberries to 500 mg of bilberry supplements.

Summary

Fresh bilberries are generally considered safe, but the large doses found in some supplements may be problematic. Children, those taking certain medications, as well as pregnant and breastfeeding women may need to avoid bilberry supplements.

Bilberries are small European blueberries that are rich in many nutrients and beneficial compounds.

They’re linked to reduced inflammation and blood sugar levels, as well as improved vision and heart health. They may even improve brain function, fight off bacteria, and reduce symptoms of ulcerative colitis.

As is the case with most berries, bilberries are a healthy addition to your diet.

Berry Blueberry – 5 useful properties, harm and recipes

Berry is rarely found in the diet of people. And this is considered a big mistake, because many do not know how blueberries are useful for the human body. Due to the rich composition, funds based on it are often prescribed instead of potent drugs. Let us study in more detail what the benefits and harms of fruits are for the one who consumes them.

Description of the composition of the berries and their benefits

The berry comes from North America. It allowed the inhabitants of cold regions to survive in times of famine. Blueberries grow only in dense forests and it is almost impossible to meet them in open glades.

Blueberries are a berry that looks like blueberries. They differ little in external characteristics. But the taste of the fruit is completely different. Blueberries have a neutral taste – sweetish or sour. Blueberries have richer sweet and sour notes. It is impossible to say which of the berries is tastier, because it all depends on the preferences of the person.

Another difference between blueberries and blueberries has to do with growing conditions. The first crop can only be grown in the wild. It is difficult to get berries, but they can be ordered through online stores. Blueberries, unlike blueberries, are grown in a summer cottage and receive a crop that does not differ in quality or useful properties from wild-growing.

If we compare blueberries and blueberries in terms of usefulness, then the advantage can be given to the latter berry. Both cultures contain approximately the same amount of trace elements, but blueberries contain more vitamins and beneficial acids.

Bilberry is the leader among berries in terms of manganese content. Due to this property, the berry was previously used to treat scurvy.

The nutritional value of blueberries is 43 kcal per 100 g. This figure is relevant only for fresh berries. If we consider the same amount of dried product, then its energy value will be much higher.

Let’s take a closer look at what useful components are contained in berries, and what daily allowance each of them covers.

Vitamins:

• K – 24%;
• C – 16%;
• B2 – 8%
• B6 – 3%
• E – 2%.

B vitamins are responsible for the normal functioning of the nervous system and stimulate the brain. C or ascorbic acid supports the immune system and allows it to fight dangerous infectious agents. Vitamin E frees the body from harmful substances, improves skin condition and preserves its youth. Vitamin K is involved in the processes of digestion and saturates the body with the necessary energy.

Trace elements:

• manganese – 18%;
• iron – 5.4%;
• magnesium – 3.7%;
• potassium – 2. 7%;
• calcium – 1.4%.

Trace elements ensure the normal functioning of the thyroid gland, which is important for maintaining hormonal levels. They are responsible for the normal supply of oxygen to the internal organs and acids.

In addition to vitamins and microelements, blueberries contain acids useful for humans:

• lemon – normalizes the functioning of the sebaceous glands in the epidermis and improves skin condition;
• oxalic – reduces the severity of headaches;
• apple – reduces the risk of cancer, strengthens blood vessels
• chitinous – reduces the level of cholesterol in the body.

If we consider the difference between blueberries and blueberries in terms of usefulness, it should be noted that the former contains much more antioxidants that remove free radicals and prevent cancer. Blueberry is the leader in the content of pectins and it better cleanses the intestines from harmful substances.

Health benefits of blueberries for women, men and children

Blueberries can be consumed by both children and adults. They help to solve specific problems for people depending on age and gender. But there are also general beneficial properties that every person can get when using blueberries:

1. Strengthening the musculoskeletal system. Calcium in the composition of the product increases bone density. Iron prevents the development of congestion in tissues and prevents the early development of osteoporosis. Vitamin K improves bone metabolism and makes them more resistant to fractures and other damage.
2. Weight loss. The antioxidants and dietary fiber in blueberries help achieve positive changes. They cleanse the intestines, stimulate its active work and dissolve bad cholesterol.
3. Skin improvement. Vitamin C, which is found in fruits, stimulates the production of collagen. It evens out skin tone and prevents the appearance of age spots. This component allows the epidermis to withstand negative external factors: ultraviolet radiation, smoke, etc.
4. Strengthening the blood vessels of the heart. Blueberries prevent the accumulation of cholesterol plaques in the body. Thanks to this, the heart is fully supplied with blood and functions normally. Potassium and fiber are substances in the composition of the product that make the walls of the arteries more elastic and regulate the functioning of the heart muscle.
5. Prevention of neurological problems and diseases of the brain. The B vitamins contained in berries improve mental functions and concentration.

The benefits of blueberries for women

Women noted the positive effects of blueberries when used for cosmetic purposes. Based on a natural healing ingredient, they make masks for hair and skin.

Ingestion of berries allows ladies to cope with their common pathologies. The fruits strengthen the walls of blood vessels and prevent varicose veins in the legs. This is a common problem in older women.

Northern fruits also have an antispasmodic effect. They reduce the symptoms of menstruation. For ladies of mature age, blueberries help to more easily survive menopause, which is accompanied by increased sweating, sudden mood swings and sleep disturbance.

During pregnancy, the berry helps to recover from infectious diseases. Pregnant women are not allowed to drink potent drugs because they affect the developing fetus. Antibacterial agents can be replaced with blueberries, which are a powerful natural antiseptic.

Benefits for men

The positive effect on the body of the stronger sex is due to the fact that blueberries prevent the development of prostatitis and improve the quality of seminal fluid. The berry is recommended for men who have problems conceiving a child.

Bilberry allows you to restore physical strength due to the content of a large amount of vitamins. They will be especially useful for those men who are engaged in hard physical labor and are very tired at work.

Benefits for children

Blueberries for babies – the best way to maintain immunity in the cold season. You can consume fresh fruits with ARVI disease in order to speed up recovery.

Blueberries have a positive effect on the formation of the musculoskeletal system. Therefore, it is especially useful for children whose body lacks vitamin D3.

Pure fruits should be given to children prone to nervousness and excessive excitability. They are not always allowed to drink sedatives, and blueberries gently and effectively help to solve problems with sleep and concentration, and have practically no contraindications.

Possible harm from blueberries

There will be no harm from consuming the natural ingredient if eaten in moderation. Overeating blueberries, like any other product, is dangerous. It can cause loose stools and skin rashes.

The only contraindication to blueberries, despite their beneficial properties, is individual intolerance. In these cases, the product, even in small quantities, can adversely affect health.

The list of diseases in which the use of blueberries can cause harm to the health of men and women include:

• urolithiasis;
• exacerbation of diseases of the digestive tract;
• severe liver pathologies

Women should not eat berries while breastfeeding. They can cause allergies in a newborn. Before introducing northern berries into your diet, it is better for mom to consult a pediatrician.

Blueberry recipes

There are several recipes that can be made from blueberries to preserve their beneficial properties. Delicious and easy to prepare dish – jam. Especially useful jam with whole berries.

Jam Recipe

To make a dessert, you need 1 kg of blueberries and 700 g of sugar. A step-by-step jam recipe that allows you to save all the benefits of berries:

1. Berries are sorted out, damaged fruits and foliage are removed. Good fruits are thoroughly washed and laid out in a convenient container.
2. Sprinkle blueberries with sugar and leave for 3-4 hours. It is important that it has time to give juice before heat treatment. At this time, prepare and sterilize jars for rolling jam.
3. Put blueberries with sugar on a slow fire and stir constantly so that the mixture does not stick to the walls of the dish. Cooking time – 5 minutes.

The finished delicacy is laid out in jars and rolled up under the lids. To make the jam thicker, you need to add more sugar. Store the finished product in a cool dark place.

Recipe for blueberries in their own juice

Blueberries in their own juice are just as healthy as fresh ones. It retains all the nutritional properties, since it is not subjected to heat treatment. According to the classic recipe, you can harvest not only blueberries, but also any other types of berries: currants, cherries, etc. The main thing is that the required proportion of berries and sugar is observed – 1: 2. That is, if you harvest 2 kg of blueberries, you will need 4 kg of sugar.

Fruit harvesting algorithm:

1. The berries are washed, transferred to a suitable container and crushed with an immersion blender.
2. Sprinkle the mixture with sugar and mix thoroughly.
3. Wait for the complete dissolution of sugar in blueberry juice.

Bilberries in their own juice are stored under closed lids in a cold place. It can be consumed within 1 year. Sugar acts as a preservative and prevents the berries from spoiling.

Blueberry Jelly Recipe

Another dish that can be prepared to preserve the beneficial properties of blueberries is jelly. It is used for filling pies or for making fruit drinks, milkshakes.

Ingredients needed for blueberry jelly:

• fresh or frozen fruits – 1 kg;
• sugar 1 kg;
• boiled water – 100 ml;
• pectin – 1 sachet.

Dessert preparation method

1. Blueberries and sugar are mixed in equal proportions and beaten with an immersion blender.
2. The mixture is put to languish on a gentle fire.
3. Boiled water and pectin are mixed in a small saucepan, and then also placed on the stove.
4. Pectin mass is added to the jam and boiled for another 3 minutes, until boiling.

The maximum shelf life of thermally processed blueberries is no more than 2 years (provided they are stored in a cool place). After this period, the berries lose some of the trace elements and vitamins.

There are many positive properties that blueberries are useful for a person. It normalizes the activity of the nervous system and the brain, strengthens the walls of blood vessels, and prevents oncological diseases. Eating ripe fruits is recommended for women, men and even children, as it prevents and helps cure numerous pathologies with minimal health risks.

Blueberries – composition and useful properties. Health Benefits of Blueberries

July is the peak of the blueberry season. Berry hunters go to the forests alone and with whole families, armed with buckets, “harvesters” and remarkable patience. However, diligence pays off handsomely.

Blueberries are an ideal raw material for home preparations for the winter and a source of income, because the producers are not behind the price. But most importantly, the berry has unique properties that bring exceptional health benefits. However, let’s talk about everything in order.

What blueberries are rich in

If we talk about useful components of blueberries, it is easier to list what is not in them. Having “decomposed” the berry into its components, if desired, you can study the periodic table. There is iron, manganese, copper, potassium, and sulfur with phosphorus … In addition, blueberries are an excellent source of vitamins C, PP and B.

, magnesium, manganese, vitamin C and carotene.

Let’s not forget about the antioxidants that are found in large quantities in blueberries. And also about the essential organic acids (citric, quinic, oxalic, malic, lactic) and tannins that make up the berry. Each of the components of blueberries has its own role in the beneficial effects on human health.

There are at least 100 types of blueberries in the world. And not all of them are a well-known undersized shrub with medium-sized dark blue berries.

For example, Caucasian blueberries grow taller than human height. And the height of the tree-like blueberry even reaches the level of a three-story house. Japanese blueberries have bright red berries, while Indian blueberries are white.

Benefits of blueberries for vision

Perhaps the most well-known fact about the healing properties of blueberries is their ability to positively affect vision.

It has been proven that the substances that make up the wild berry stimulate the blood circulation of the retina and, accordingly, improve vigilance.

An interesting fact: during the Great Patriotic War, Soviet pilots were required to drink blueberry jelly before night flights.

Despite the fact that blueberries are traditionally the No. 1 product for sharp vision, tomatoes, yellow and red bell peppers, and green vegetables have the same properties.

The benefits of blueberries for the heart and blood vessels

Regular consumption of blueberries is an effective way to prevent myocardial infarction.

Of course, relying only on the berry is too reckless, if at the same time you lead a lifestyle that is far from healthy. But if negative factors are minimized and blueberries are included in the diet, this will become a powerful preventive tool against diseases of the heart and blood vessels.

This is primarily due to the potassium, folic acid and phytochemical components contained in blueberries, which have a hypotonic effect (that is, they are able to reduce blood pressure) and strengthen the walls of blood vessels. As well as anticoagulants, which reduce blood clotting and prevent the formation of blood clots.

Researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health and the University of East Anglia conducted a study of more than 93,000 women aged 25 to 42. Regular consumption of blueberries has been shown to reduce the risk of heart attack by 32%.

Benefits of blueberries for the stomach and figure

In folk medicine, blueberries are especially valued as a sure remedy for stomach problems.

Useful fibers that a small berry contains in abundance, contribute to the normalization of digestion, have a beneficial effect on metabolic processes, and have a disinfectant effect on the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, blueberries are equally effective in coping with any intestinal disorders: fresh berries help with constipation, dried berries help with diarrhea.

But for people who are struggling with being overweight, blueberries are a real lifesaver. Berry pectins perfectly cleanse the intestines and remove metabolic products from the body, pantothenic acid improves metabolism. Blueberries have a low calorie content and can claim the title of a unique dietary product.

The energy value of 100 g of blueberries is only 40 kcal. But in the harvest of berries there is a whole cocktail of useful substances. Blueberries are a natural alternative to synthetic vitamin and mineral complexes.

Blueberries are the guarantee of eternal youth

One of the main advantages of blueberries is anthocyanin.

This plant substance belongs to the group of flavonoids. The berry owes its rich blue color to it. But for humans, the benefits of anthocyanin lies in its powerful antioxidant effect. In simple terms, it provides blueberries with the ability to remove toxins from the body, which accelerate the aging process. The conclusion suggests itself: more blueberries – longer youth.

This fact has been scientifically confirmed by scientists at the Boston University Food Research Center. After testing, the researchers were pleasantly surprised by the results: the berry, unpretentious to growing conditions, is able to start processes that significantly slow down the aging of the body and have a rejuvenating effect. The head of research, by the way, has become an avid blueberry drinker himself and regularly eats blueberries for breakfast.

It is not for nothing that blueberries are often called rejuvenating berries. Her passionate admirers are distinguished by clear skin, shiny hair and invariably cheerful mood. And why wouldn’t they shine!

Regularly including fresh blueberries or dishes from them in the menu, they provide a regular supply of vitamin C, which is “tied” to the production and action of collagen, which is responsible for the absence of wrinkles and the general condition of the skin.

But the effect of wild berries on the body is not limited to external rejuvenating effect.

Scientists have shown that regular consumption of blueberries slows down the natural decline in cognitive ability in the elderly, and also improves short-term memory.

Blueberries – a cure for everything

By right, blueberries can be called not only a storehouse of nutrients useful for the body, but also a natural medicine. The fingers of both hands are not enough to list the healing properties of the berry.

The substances included in its composition have anti-inflammatory, disinfectant, immunostimulating effects. is a natural antiseptic and antibiotic created by nature.