A Review on Health Benefits of Malva sylvestris L. Nutritional Compounds for Metabolites, Antioxidants, and Anti-Inflammatory, Anticancer, and Antimicrobial Applications

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Overview, Uses, Side Effects, Precautions, Interactions, Dosing and Reviews

Overview

Mallow (Malva sylvestris) is a plant native to Europe, North Africa, and Asia. It grows wild in fields. The flower and leaf are used as medicine.

Mallow flower contains a mucus-like substance that protects and soothes the throat and mouth.

People use mallow for constipation, mouth and throat irritation, dry cough, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.

Don’t confuse mallow with Chinese mallow, marshmallow, or Sida cordifolia. These are not the same.

Uses & Effectiveness ?

We currently have no information for MALLOW overview.

Side Effects

When taken by mouth: Mallow flower extract is possibly safe when used for up to 4 weeks. It might cause stomach problems such as nausea, diarrhea, and indigestion in some people.

Special Precautions and Warnings

When taken by mouth: Mallow flower extract is possibly safe when used for up to 4 weeks. It might cause stomach problems such as nausea, diarrhea, and indigestion in some people.

Pregnancy and breast-feeding: There isn’t enough reliable information to know if mallow is safe to use when pregnant or breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.

Children: Mallow cream is possibly safe when applied to the skin for up to 4 weeks. There isn’t enough reliable information to know if mallow is safe for children when taken by mouth.

Interactions ?

We currently have no information for MALLOW overview.

Dosing

Traditionally, mallow has been used by adults as a tea prepared by steeping dried flowers or dried leaves. Speak with a healthcare provider to find out what dose might be best for a specific condition.

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CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you.

This copyrighted material is provided by Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Consumer Version. Information from this source is evidence-based and objective, and without commercial influence. For professional medical information on natural medicines, see Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Professional Version.
© Therapeutic Research Faculty 2020.

Benefits and harms of wood mallow for health

Wood mallow (another name is wood mallow, lat. Malva silvestris L.) is a herbaceous biennial, sometimes annual plant belonging to the Malvaceae genus. Mallow forest is used in such industries as medicine, cosmetology and cooking. Such widespread use is due to the high content of vitamins, trace elements and other useful substances.

This herb was used as food and medicine in ancient Egypt and ancient Greece. It was specially grown in gardens, collected and used for various purposes. The peoples of the Caucasus are also aware of the use of mallow and its healing properties. The Greeks used mallow as a remedy for burns and to treat the organs of the gastrointestinal tract. Many believed that the juice of this flower is a fairly strong and universal antidote. Romanians also used it in obstetrics and gynecology. Even Indian tribes successfully used the healing properties of the plant: they treated various ulcers, tumors and other skin diseases. At the beginning of the last century, mallow began to be added to baldness remedies.

Malva or mallow has several more popular names: roadside mallow, horse poplar, roadside mallow, Ivanov poplar, cat cheese, yard grass, cheese grass. In our time, people have not forgotten about the wonderful possibilities of the plant. Following centuries of experience, knowledgeable people successfully use the forest mallow for the prevention and treatment of many ailments, as well as a flavoring additive for various dishes and drinks.

Chemical composition

A huge amount of chemicals were found in the mallow forest, which are used to prevent and treat various diseases. Cosmetologists and culinary specialists have also found application for mallow in their professional activities.

This plant contains the following medicinal substances:

1. Coumarin (copoletin) is a substance found in many plants. People have learned to use it as an aromatic additive, as well as an indirect anticoagulant in medicine.
2. Terpenoid compounds (diterpenoids, monoterpenoids, norsesquiterpenoids). Plant components that in the human body affect the production of hormones, enzymes, certain vitamins and cholesterol. The effect of these substances has not yet been fully studied, numerous studies and experiments are being carried out.
3. Phenolcarboxylic acids (including ferulic). They have an antimicrobial effect, which is important for the manufacture of medicines in medicine and veterinary medicine, as well as for use as preservatives. Phenolcarboxylic acids are often included in various antiseptic and disinfectant products. The two most famous representatives of this group of substances are tannin and salicylic acid. Tannin is used as a tannin not only for medical purposes, but also in the leather industry. Salicylic acid is the basis of some drugs that fight inflammation and fever.
4. Phenols and their derivatives (tyrosol and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol). Phenols are needed in the production of various detergents, plastic products, fuels, medicines, resins, and disinfectants. In medicine, phenols are used in the production of anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antimicrobial, laxative and some other drugs.
5. Fatty acids.
6. Flavonoids.
7. Tannins.
8. Sterculic, malvic and dihydrosterculic acids.
9. Sucrose.
10. Large amount of vitamins, especially C and A.

Locations and appearance

Reference . The Russian name for mallow is prosvrinik. Its origin is associated with the similarity of mallow fruitlets with prosphora (an outdated word is prosvira). Prosphora is a small church bread common in Orthodoxy. The forest mallow grows on the banks of rivers, forest edges, in meadows and fields, along roads.

The height and spreading of the forest mallow directly depends on the environmental conditions. The height usually varies from 0.5 to 1.5 meters. However, there are specimens reaching 2-3 meters and even higher. The width of the bush rarely exceeds 65 centimeters. It has stems that are either ascending or ascending.

Mallow leaves are round and bright green. On the upper part of the leaf there are a large number of branching veins, and on the inside the leaves are covered with villi. They consist of a different number of blades, always odd. The leaves are large, up to 4.5 centimeters high. Their width is even greater: 3 – 6 centimeters. By the end of summer, the mallow foliage wears out and has a tattered appearance.

The root system of this plant is taproot. This means that the main root is much larger than the lateral ones. The flowering period begins in early summer and lasts until late autumn. They first appear at the bases of the stems. Further, large clusters of flowers are formed on thick elastic stems. Mallow flowers are large, consisting of 5 petals. Color – bright purple, diameter – about 6 centimeters. The color becomes brighter at the edge of the petals, and they themselves contain many thin veins.

Butterflies, bees and other insects have no interest in mallow; This plant is self-pollinating. After the end of the flowering time, boxes appear that look like a nut. Inside the box are brown seeds.

Wild mallow is found in Europe, Asia, North Africa. Many other plants belonging to the mallow family also grow in tropical climates.

Home growing and care

This plant reproduces by seeds. You can not carry out pre-sowing preparation, the seeds germinate well without it. The time from sowing to the appearance of the first shoots usually takes about two weeks. In the first one and a half to two months, the mallow develops very slowly, but then growth and development accelerate significantly. Already after 70 days, the forest mallow is ready for active flowering. The period from planting to the appearance of seeds is from 110 to 140 days.

Mallow sprouts are very cold hardy and can even withstand light frosts. Seeds can germinate already at a temperature of +8oC. But it is best to withstand the sowing temperature of about +18 +20 ° C.

The plant thrives best in neutral or slightly acidic soil, medium in texture. In order to prepare the soil for planting mallow, it must be dug up in the autumn. After digging into the soil, be sure to add mineral and organic fertilizers.

Sowing is carried out at the very beginning of spring, so that the plant has time to develop and begin to bloom in May. Seeds are placed in the soil to a depth of 2-3 centimeters, leaving a distance between the beds of at least 45 centimeters.

Mallow care is quite simple: it includes weeding and loosening. When seedlings are too dense, it is advisable to thin them out. If you want to grow mallow all the time, be sure to leave a few boxes for seeds. In no case do not let the seeds shed, as a beautiful garden plant can easily turn into an annoying weed that will be difficult to fight.

Rules for storage and collection

All parts of the mallow are used in herbal medicine: seeds, roots, leaves and flowers. Leaves must be collected before the flowering period begins. Foliage (no more than 3 centimeters in diameter) is cut off along with the petioles. Flowers are suitable for consumption only if they are collected in the form of buds. It is important that there are no stamens yet. The roots can only be collected in the autumn months.

After all components have been collected according to the above recommendations, they must be dried in a certain way: all parts of the plant must be finely chopped and spread out in a dry, warm and well-ventilated place. It is important to avoid direct sunlight. The crushed parts are laid out in only one layer. It is best to dry the plant outside, but if this is not possible, follow these directions indoors as well.

After all the pieces have dried well, they are laid out in jars and stored for no more than two years. Only if you collect and dry according to all the rules, you can save the maximum useful properties of the plant.

What are the beneficial properties of wood mallow?

Mucus contained in almost all parts of this plant has unique healing properties:

• reduces inflammation;
• has an enveloping effect;
• reduces pain;
• improves sleep and relieves nervous strain;
• helps in the fight against various microorganisms: bacteria and fungi.

Most often, mallow is used in the treatment of skin lesions, toothache, dry cough and other manifestations of SARS. The greatest amount of mucus is found in the seeds of mallow. Infusions, decoctions and teas are prepared from them.

Mallow teas and decoctions have a good effect on the mental state of people who are constantly stressed or suffer from insomnia.

Also, this plant is an excellent component of the complex treatment of the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and the entire genitourinary system. It has a mild laxative and diuretic effect on the body.

How forest mallow is used in folk medicine

Of course, ancient healers and healers knew about the beneficial and healing properties of mallow. You can find a great many different recipes based on this plant. They make decoctions, infusions, mixtures, tinctures for both oral and external use.

Here are some recipes that everyone can use:

1. Infusion for anemia. Take 60 grams of powder made from dried roots, pour a tablespoon of high-quality white wine. Then tightly close the container with a lid and place in a dry, dark place. An infusion is being prepared for 3 weeks, during which the contents of the jar must be shaken regularly. After the specified period, the resulting liquid must be filtered through several layers of gauze. Use infusion of 60 ml three times a day.
2. An infusion that relieves inflammation. To prepare this drink, you will need not only mallow (300 gr), but also plants such as chamomile, mugwort and stock-rose grains. All these components, except for mallow, should be in the amount of 150 gr. Mix the ingredients, pour into a container and pour boiling water. The resulting drug is infused for a day, after which it is filtered through several layers of gauze. Only after this infusion can be safely used. This is done in this way: the herbal infusion is poured into a bath, which is recommended to be taken before going to bed. This drug has not only anti-inflammatory, but also a slight calming effect.
3. Antitussive infusion. To prepare it, take 50 g of forest mallow flowers, pour into a deep bowl and pour a tablespoon of boiling water. After this, the drug must be insisted for an hour and applied inside.
4. Cold infusion. For it, you will need two tablespoons of dried leaves of the plant and cold boiled water. Leaves are filled with water and left for 8 hours. During this time, the remedy has enough time to infuse. It remains to strain it through several layers of gauze and drink it twice a day. It should only be consumed warm.
5. The use of mallow juice in pancreatitis. Juice prepared from the green leaves and flowers of the plant during the active flowering period. Dilute one tablespoon of this juice in a glass of boiled water at room temperature and add a tablespoon of honey. All this healing potion is applied 4 times a day. Before use, be sure to consult your doctor!
6. Infusion used in bronchial diseases. To prepare, take the green leaves and stems of the plant and chop them finely. Crushed leaves need about 40 gr. Pour boiling water over them and let stand for 3 hours. After that, strain through cheesecloth and take inside.
7. Infusion on mallow. For him, both leaves and flowers are taken. The dry mixture in the amount of one tablespoon is poured into a container and poured with boiling water, covered with a lid. This remedy is infused for at least half an hour, after which it can be used. Drink this infusion three times a day: morning, afternoon and evening.

Mallow is actively used not only by traditional healers, but also in industrial medicine. This is due to the high content of useful substances in the plant: vitamins, micro- and macroelements. For industrial use, all parts of the mallow are needed: leaves, rhizomes, stems, flowers, and seeds.

The following products are prepared from this herbaceous plant:

• Infusion is a non-dosed liquid dosage form, an aqueous solution on a plant basis. Mallow infusions can be used both externally and internally. Often prescribed to people who have a dry non-productive cough (without sputum discharge). It also helps to get rid of hoarseness.
• Tincture is a liquid non-dosed dosage form, which is a water-alcohol, alcohol and alcohol-ether extract from medicinal plants. Usually cooked without heating. Mallow tinctures are most often used externally for rubbing the face and preparing various lotions.
• Decoction is an infusion-like dosage form. However, to prepare a decoction, its components must be boiled for some time. Most often used internally. A decoction of mallow rhizomes is prescribed for liver diseases. It can be used externally for the preparation of poultices and lotions. A decoction of the roots and aerial components of the plant works well in the complex therapy of cardiovascular diseases.

Use of mallow in the cosmetic industry

As well as in medicine, in cosmetology this plant has a special place: a strong anti-inflammatory effect is simply necessary for use in various skin problems. In addition, mallow helps the production of melanin, so it is included in various lotions to cleanse the skin and enhance tanning.

Facial lotion can also be prepared at home

To make your own lotion, you need to take 80 g of dried mallow roots, white wine and cold boiled water. The dry mixture must be poured into a container, pour wine and water in equal amounts. Then mix well and shake, then cover and put in a dry, dark place. There the remedy is left for 14 days. After the liquid is well infused, it must be filtered. Now your lotion is ready: wipe your face with it every day.

Help . Mallow extract is often found in creams, tonics, gels, and other skin care products. Most often, this extract is added to products used for dry skin.

Due to its anti-inflammatory effect, this herb is also often found in acne treatments. Malva forest quickly relieves acute inflammation, soothes irritated skin and helps to cleanse it.

The extract is also very good for hair care. It is added to various serums and other liquids applied to the hair as a thermal protection. This liquid is used for hair before straightening or curling and is not washed off. In addition to thermal protection, mallow can be found in the compositions of many shampoos and balms for brittle, dry and split ends.

The use of plants of the Malvaceae family in cooking

All members of this family have been used to prepare various dishes since ancient times. In addition to the fact that these plants are rich in nutrients, they also have excellent taste. Leaves can be safely added to soups, fried and even eaten raw. A good soothing tea is obtained from dry mallow leaves. The seeds of the plant add a nutty flavor to dishes. Thanks to such taste characteristics, plants from the Malvaceae family often appear on the pages of cookbooks in a variety of recipes.

Soup made from wild plants

1. Prepare the ingredients: 3 potatoes, sorrel, sorrel, clover, quinoa, mallow, nettle, willowherb, goatweed, plantain. Each of these herbs should take one bunch. Before you start cutting the greens, it must be washed as thoroughly as possible in order to remove the earth and insects. Only after that, all the greens are finely cut and poured with water brought to a boil. Instead of water, you can use broths or mushroom decoctions.
2. Now finely chop the onion, roots and fry them in a frying pan in boiling oil. After roasting, add all these ingredients to the herbs.
3. Peel, wash and finely chop the potatoes and place them in the pot. Put the pot on the fire and cook the soup until the potatoes are completely cooked.
4. At the end of cooking, 15 minutes before the end, add bay leaf, salt and pepper to taste to the dish and be sure to taste it. If the contents of the pan seem too sour to you, add a spoonful of sugar to it: this will help to correct the situation.
5. The herbal soup is now ready to be served. It is very good to use such a dish with yogurt or sour cream.

Omelet with eggs and herbs

1. Take the following ingredients: goutweed (10 g), plantain leaves (20 g), butter (15 g), chicken eggs (2 pcs), cow parsnip (10 g), forest mallow (30 gr), salt, spices and black pepper. Of all these herbs, you will need to cook minced meat.
2. Next step: take eggs, milk, mix well, sprinkle with salt. In a pan, melt the fat in advance, and send the above mixture there
3. At the time when the eggs begin to thicken, place the minced herbs in the center of the dish and cover it on all sides with a damp omelet. Now fry until the eggs are fully cooked and lay out the finished dish, turning it over with the seam down.

Okroshka with the addition of mallow and radish

1. For this traditional Russian dish you will need the following ingredients: two small radishes, 5 tubers of pre-boiled potatoes, fresh mallow leaves (300 gr), dill, parsley (100 gr), a couple of fresh cucumbers, salt, pepper and other spices to taste, whey or kvass.
2. Boil water and throw mallow leaves into it, let them boil. Finely chop the cooled leaves.
3. Potatoes, which you boiled in advance, crumble into small cubes.
4. Rinse the radish well and grate it on a coarse grater.
5. Send all the ingredients in one bowl, add salt, pepper, spices, mix them thoroughly and refrigerate for one and a half to two hours.
6. After the mixture has infused and cooled down, finely chopped greens and whey or kvass are added to it.

Okroshka with mallow and radish can be served. Do not forget to add cold fresh sour cream there before eating.

Potato, wild herb and mallow casserole

1. Take 60 g of plantain leaves, 60 g of goutweed, 70 g of hogweed, 90 g of wild mallow, three chicken eggs, 30 g of fresh milk, spices, pepper and salt.
2. Now you need to prepare mashed potatoes. To do this, pre-wash the potatoes in running water, peel and cut into small pieces, so that the potatoes cook quickly and well, easily crushed. Put the potato pieces in a bowl with water and put to boil on the fire. At the very beginning, you need to add salt. After the potatoes are cooked, add warm milk and butter to it. All this must be thoroughly crushed, and then you can beat with a blender to the consistency of sour cream.
3. The next step is to prepare the herbs. They need to be washed in running water very carefully, then cut everything and throw it into a saucepan with salted boiling water. Herbs should boil well, then remove them from the heat, drain all the water and leave to cool.
4. While the greens are cooling, prepare the egg and milk omelet liquid. They need to be mixed and beat well with a fork, then add pepper, spices and salt to this mixture.
5. Now all the components are ready: you can proceed to the final stage. To prepare a potato casserole with greens, take dishes that have sides. Before putting the mixture there, this dish must be heated and smeared with oil. Now potatoes are placed in this container, sprinkled with herbs on top, poured with liquid for an omelet. It remains only to add pepper, spices and salt to taste: the dishes with the workpiece can be sent to the oven. Such a casserole is prepared very quickly, because all the ingredients are already boiled in advance. Therefore, you need to make sure that the dish does not burn. When a golden brown crust appears on it, it can be removed from the oven and served on the table.

Mallow stewed with herbs

1. For this unusual dish, you need to prepare the following ingredients: green gout (20 g), sorrel leaves (15 g), carrots (20 g), wheat flour (15 g), forest mallow greens (40 gr), dandelion greens (20 gr), onion (40 gr), green hogweed (20 gr), spices, salt, black pepper.
2. As always, all grass is pre-washed in running water. After that, it is dried and crushed.
3. Immediately after grinding, throw all the herbs into boiling water, standing on low heat and, stirring, simmer.
4. Carrots and onions must be washed, peeled and chopped. Send them to sauté in oil. There you also need to throw sorrel, pre-cut.
5. At the time when the boiling herbs are almost ready, the browned mixture is added to it. In a separate bowl, you need to sauté the flour, to which salt, spices and black pepper are added. Then, when the grass becomes completely soft, you need to add flour with seasonings to it. It remains to mix the cooked dish well, remove from heat and can be served at the table.

Mallow Leaf and Dill Salad

1. A very simple salad recipe that will require the following ingredients: one onion, green mallow leaves (200 g), a tablespoon of dill, one tablespoon of vinegar, a couple of garlic cloves, a tablespoon of vegetable oil .
2. Fresh mallow leaves boiled in salted water.
3. The onion should be finely chopped and fried. Then cool.
4. Strain the mallow and also finely chop.
5. Mix all the ingredients, add oil, vinegar, salt, pepper and spices to taste.
6. Leave the resulting salad in the refrigerator for two hours. After that, you can eat the dish.

Georgian mallow

Mallows occupy a special place in Georgian cuisine: their leaves are often added to salads, soups and side dishes.

1. To prepare Georgian mallow, take the following ingredients: garlic (one head), parsley, cilantro, dill (several sprigs of each herb), mallow leaves (500 gr), salt, wine vinegar.
2. Rinse mallow leaves thoroughly, throw into boiling water. After the leaves are well boiled, they need to be filtered through a colander.
3. After the mallow has cooled, it must be squeezed out, put on a board and finely chopped.
4. Now chop all the greens: cilantro, dill, parsley. Add to mallow.
5. Crush garlic into this mixture, add salt, pepper and spices to taste. Add some wine vinegar. All this is well mixed and beautifully arranged.

Green caviar from mallow, nettle and sorrel

1. To prepare green caviar, prepare the following products: mallow leaves (100 g), sorrel (30 g), nettle leaves (40 g), garlic (2 cloves), vegetable oil (15 r), onion (25 gr), tomato sauce (25 gr), salt, ground pepper, spices.
2. Rinse all herbs thoroughly under running water.
3. Then the greens are immersed in boiling water for one minute.
4. At this time, chop and sauté the onion and garlic with the addition of tomato sauce, pepper, salt.
5. Add the browned mixture to the scalded greens and simmer over low heat for at least 10 minutes.
6. Cool the finished caviar and serve.

Fish salad with mallow

1. You will need: boiled fish (200 gr), wild mallow leaves (50 gr), green onion (25 gr), spicy sauce (50 gr), dill, parsley, salt, ground pepper , spices.
2. Chop the fish and top with chopped green onions and mallow leaves. Salt.
3. Add hot sauce.
4. At the end, sprinkle the finished dish with chopped dill and parsley.
5. Bon appetit!

Baked eggs with greens

1. A tasty and simple dish can be prepared from the following ingredients: parsley and dill (one tablespoon each), quinoa, amaranth, clover, mallow (only one glass), chicken eggs (4 pcs) , grated cheese (75 gr), breadcrumbs, vegetable oil.
2. Now you need to separate the whites from the yolks.
3. Whisk egg whites until stiff. Chopped greens are added to them.
4. Take baking dishes and brush them thoroughly with vegetable oil and sprinkle breadcrumbs on top.
5. Put the egg whites into the molds first, then add the yolk in the middle.
6. It remains to sprinkle the eggs on top with grated cheese and bake in the oven for 8-10 minutes at a temperature of +180°C.
7. Turn off the oven, let the dish cool down a bit and take it out.
8. Herb-baked eggs are ready to eat.

Contraindications for use

Any means and products have a number of contraindications for use and side effects. In addition, people often confuse this type of mallow with other members of the family. They are very similar to each other, and due to inexperience a person can easily make a mistake. Therefore, before you start preparing a potion or dish with the addition of wild mallow, make sure you choose the right plant. The forest mallow itself is suitable for use by almost everyone, because it has practically no contraindications. Malva forest is not addictive, which makes it possible to use products that include its components for as long as you want. After you stop using infusions or decoctions from this plant, you will also not feel any side effects.

Important ! Of course, you should be aware of allergic reactions to people who are prone to them. Before starting herbal treatment, consult your doctor and never self-medicate!

Useful video

Wood malva (mallow): medicinal properties

Wood malva (mallow) – a plant with medicinal properties. Leaves, flowers and roots are used to treat coughs, colds, sore throats, skin diseases and stomach

Anisimov A.M.
⏳ 11-30-2018 07-21-2021

Forest mallow (forest mallow) blooms with beautiful flowers all summer. Photo: Alvesgaspar/commons.wikimedia.org Mallow forest (forest mallow) blooms with beautiful flowers all summer. Photo: Alvesgaspar/commons.wikimedia.org Contents:

• • Botanical description
  • Mallow in cooking
  • Medicinal properties
    • Recipes and uses

    9009 3

  Wood mallow is known in folk medicine under the name “Forest mallow” and is used as an expectorant, enveloping, strengthening, anti-inflammatory, laxative, wound healing and disinfectant. For therapeutic purposes, the roots, leaves and flowers of the forest mallow are used.

  There is no shortage of forest mallow – the plant grows everywhere along roads and paths, near fences, in abandoned fields and vegetable gardens, on the edges of forests, etc. The plant is a weed, although it can be grown in the garden to decorate the site as an ornamental. The ancient Egyptians, Greeks and Romans did just that – they grew mallow in gardens and used it for food, as well as for medicinal purposes. In the Caucasus, forest mallow is a frequent guest in cooking.

  Botanical description

  Common mallow is a noble weed that is difficult to remove from the field. Photo: Plant Identification

  Lesnoy Posvirnik or Forest Malva ( lat. Malva Sylvestris; English Common Mallow; Sin. Malva wild, kalachi)-a one-year-old-halsya plant with a straight and branch stalk up to 1 m; leaves are alternate, crenate-toothed, rounded, 5-7-lobed.

  Big forest mallow flowers reach 4 centimeters in diameter, collected in bunches, several in leaf axils. Petals deeply notched, pink, gradually narrowed into a nail; after drying, they become dark purple. Mallow blossoms June to August .

  Mallow roots are long, branched. For medicinal purposes, the roots are harvested in the fall, after flowering.

  Dry mallow fruit, breaks up into several achenes when ripe.

  Mallow leaves are harvested together with the flowers, and the roots are harvested in autumn. Medicinal raw materials are dried in dryers or in the shade in the open air.

  Medicinal properties

  Since the medicinal properties of the forest mallow are practically not used in scientific medicine, little scientific research has been carried out to study the chemical composition. It is known that the mallow, as well as the marshmallow, contains a lot of mucus, tannins, carotene and vitamin C.

  Flowers, leaves and roots of mallow are used in folk medicine. Photo: La Ferme de Sainte Marthe

  In folk medicine, decoctions and infusions of mallow flowers, leaves or roots are popular for the treatment of dry coughs, hoarseness and sore throats (for gargling). Moreover, in folk recipes, the leaves and flowers of the forest mallow are usually combined with lungwort grass, flowers of buckwheat, coltsfoot or wild poppy, to make medicines more effective.

  Flowers and leaves of the mallow are used together with mugwort grass, chamomile and oat grains in the form of baths with an enlarged spleen .

  American Indians (Iroquois, Cherokee, Navajo, Mahun, etc.) used fresh herb mallow to treat skin diseases, ulcers and boils (Moerman, 2009).

  Pliny the Elder (23-79 AD) highly valued the medicinal properties of mallow and recommended the use of a decoction of the root to treat dandruff, and warm juice of mallow to treat melancholy. At the urging of Pliny, the leaves of the mallow were boiled in milk to treat coughs. Pliny also recommended the use of the herb mallow as a laxative (Pliny’s Natural History, p. 284). In addition, Pliny the Elder attributed miraculous properties to the forest mallow that improve erection and increase arousal (Pliny, 1885).

  In the early 20th century, mallow juice with vegetable oil was used to treat baldness and prevent hair loss (Tynan & Maitland, 1909).

  In Eastern Anatolia, mallow has long been successfully used to treat stomach pain, diarrhea and asthma (Türker & Dalar, 2013). Mallow stem tea is drunk to relieve sore throats from colds.