What are the key benefits of tyrosine. How does tyrosine impact neurotransmitter production. Can tyrosine supplementation improve stress response and cognitive performance. What are the best dietary sources of tyrosine. How is tyrosine related to phenylketonuria (PKU). What is the connection between tyrosine and melanin production.

The Fundamental Role of Tyrosine in Human Physiology

Tyrosine, a nonessential amino acid, plays a crucial role in various physiological processes within the human body. Synthesized from phenylalanine, another amino acid, tyrosine serves as a building block for numerous important compounds and is involved in several vital functions.

Is tyrosine truly essential for our wellbeing. While classified as nonessential, meaning the body can produce it, tyrosine’s importance cannot be overstated. It is a key player in the production of neurotransmitters, hormones, and even the pigmentation of our skin and hair.

Tyrosine’s Impact on Neurotransmitter Production

One of tyrosine’s most significant roles is its involvement in the synthesis of neurotransmitters. These chemical messengers are essential for proper brain function and mood regulation. Tyrosine is a precursor to several critical neurotransmitters:

• Epinephrine (adrenaline)
• Norepinephrine
• Dopamine

How do these neurotransmitters affect our daily lives. Epinephrine and norepinephrine are involved in our body’s stress response, while dopamine plays a crucial role in mood, motivation, and reward systems. By supporting the production of these neurotransmitters, tyrosine indirectly influences our cognitive function, emotional state, and ability to cope with stress.

Tyrosine and Melanin Production: The Pigmentation Connection

Beyond its role in neurotransmitter synthesis, tyrosine is also integral to the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for the color of our skin, hair, and eyes. This connection highlights tyrosine’s multifaceted nature in human physiology.

How does tyrosine contribute to melanin production. Tyrosine serves as a substrate for the enzyme tyrosinase, which catalyzes the initial steps in melanin synthesis. This process occurs in specialized cells called melanocytes, ultimately determining our individual pigmentation characteristics.

Tyrosine’s Role in Hormonal Balance

Tyrosine’s influence extends to the endocrine system, playing a part in the function of several hormone-producing glands:

• Adrenal glands
• Thyroid gland
• Pituitary gland

These glands are responsible for producing and regulating various hormones that control numerous bodily functions, from metabolism to stress response. By supporting the function of these glands, tyrosine indirectly contributes to maintaining hormonal balance throughout the body.

Tyrosine Deficiency: Rare but Significant

While tyrosine deficiency is uncommon, its potential effects underscore the amino acid’s importance. Low levels of tyrosine have been associated with several physiological issues:

• Low blood pressure
• Low body temperature
• Underactive thyroid

It’s important to note, however, that these associations do not necessarily imply causation, nor do they suggest that tyrosine supplementation would be an effective treatment for these conditions. More research is needed to fully understand the relationship between tyrosine levels and these physiological states.

Phenylketonuria (PKU) and Tyrosine: A Special Consideration

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body’s ability to process phenylalanine, the amino acid from which tyrosine is synthesized. This condition presents a unique challenge in relation to tyrosine metabolism.

How does PKU impact tyrosine levels. People with PKU must strictly limit their phenylalanine intake to prevent its accumulation and potential brain damage. As a consequence, they may become deficient in tyrosine, which is normally produced from phenylalanine.

To address this issue, protein supplements containing tyrosine are often used in the management of PKU. However, the use of additional tyrosine supplements is generally not recommended without medical supervision. For individuals with PKU, careful monitoring and personalized dietary management are essential to maintain appropriate tyrosine levels while avoiding excessive phenylalanine intake.

Tyrosine and Stress Management: Potential Benefits Under Investigation

The relationship between tyrosine and stress response has garnered significant research interest. Given its role in producing stress-related neurotransmitters like epinephrine and norepinephrine, some researchers propose that tyrosine supplementation might offer benefits during periods of high stress.

Can tyrosine supplementation improve stress resilience. Some animal and human studies suggest that tyrosine supplements may enhance memory and performance under psychological stress. The theory is that during stressful situations, the body’s ability to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine may be compromised, potentially leading to a relative tyrosine deficiency.

While these findings are intriguing, it’s important to note that more research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits and limitations of tyrosine supplementation for stress management. As with any supplement, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before incorporating tyrosine into your stress management strategy.

Tyrosine and Sleep Deprivation: A Potential Cognitive Enhancer?

Another area of research focuses on tyrosine’s potential to mitigate the cognitive effects of sleep deprivation. One study has suggested that tyrosine supplementation may help improve alertness in sleep-deprived individuals.

How might tyrosine combat the effects of sleep deprivation. The hypothesis is that by supporting neurotransmitter production, tyrosine could help maintain cognitive function even when sleep is insufficient. However, it’s crucial to emphasize that while these results are promising, more research is needed to confirm these effects and determine optimal dosing strategies.

Tyrosine in Sports and Athletic Performance: Claims vs. Evidence

Some athletes claim that tyrosine supplementation enhances their performance. These assertions are based on the amino acid’s role in neurotransmitter production and its potential stress-mitigating effects.

Is there scientific evidence supporting tyrosine’s use in sports? Currently, there is limited scientific proof to support these claims. While tyrosine’s involvement in producing neurotransmitters that affect energy and focus is well-established, its direct impact on athletic performance remains unproven.

Moreover, the safety of using tyrosine supplements for this purpose has not been thoroughly evaluated. As with any performance-enhancing strategy, athletes should approach tyrosine supplementation with caution and ideally under the guidance of a sports nutritionist or healthcare professional.

Tyrosine and Mental Health: Exploring Potential Connections

Given tyrosine’s role in dopamine production, researchers have investigated its potential in addressing mood disorders, particularly depression. The rationale behind this interest stems from observations that individuals with depression often have low levels of tyrosine.

Can tyrosine supplementation help with depression? Despite the theoretical basis, studies have not found tyrosine supplementation to be effective in treating depression. This highlights the complex nature of mood disorders and underscores that while neurotransmitter precursors like tyrosine play a role in brain chemistry, addressing mental health issues often requires a multifaceted approach.

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: A Promising Area of Medical Research

While not directly related to dietary tyrosine, compounds known as tyrosine kinase inhibitors have emerged as an area of interest in medical research, particularly in oncology.

What are the potential applications of tyrosine kinase inhibitors? Preliminary research suggests that these compounds may have therapeutic potential in various contexts:

• Treatment of thyroid cancer
• Improving lung function in lung cancer patients
• Potential benefits for individuals with pulmonary fibrosis

It’s important to note that this research is still in its early stages, and more studies are needed to fully understand the efficacy and safety of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in these and other potential applications.

Dietary Sources of Tyrosine: Incorporating This Amino Acid into Your Diet

While tyrosine supplements are available, it’s often preferable to obtain nutrients through a balanced diet when possible. Fortunately, tyrosine is found in a wide variety of foods, making it relatively easy to ensure adequate intake through dietary sources.

What are the best food sources of tyrosine? Here’s a list of tyrosine-rich foods:

• Soy products
• Poultry (chicken and turkey)
• Fish
• Nuts (peanuts and almonds)
• Avocados
• Bananas
• Dairy products (milk, cheese, yogurt, and cottage cheese)
• Lima beans
• Pumpkin seeds
• Sesame seeds

By incorporating a variety of these foods into your diet, you can help ensure that your body has the tyrosine it needs for optimal function. For those following plant-based diets, soy products, nuts, and seeds can be excellent sources of this important amino acid.

Tyrosine Supplements: Forms and Considerations

For those who may benefit from additional tyrosine intake, supplements are available in various forms, typically as capsules or tablets. However, it’s crucial to approach supplementation with caution and under professional guidance.

How should tyrosine supplements be taken? If you’re considering tyrosine supplementation, keep these points in mind:

• Take tyrosine supplements at least 30 minutes before meals
• Divide the daily dose into three separate administrations
• Consider taking vitamins B6, B9 (folate), and copper alongside tyrosine to support its conversion into neurotransmitters

It’s important to note that dosages can vary widely depending on individual needs and the specific condition being addressed. Always consult with a healthcare professional or nutritionist to determine the appropriate dosage for your circumstances.

Safety Considerations and Potential Interactions of Tyrosine

While tyrosine is generally considered safe when obtained through dietary sources, supplementation requires careful consideration. As with any supplement, there are potential risks and interactions to be aware of.

Are there any risks associated with tyrosine supplementation? Some points to consider include:

• Possible interactions with certain medications, particularly those affecting thyroid function or monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
• Potential side effects such as nausea, headache, or fatigue, especially at high doses
• Contraindications for individuals with certain health conditions, such as hyperthyroidism or melanoma

Given these considerations, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any tyrosine supplementation regimen, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or are taking medications.

Special Considerations for Pediatric Use of Tyrosine

When it comes to children, extra caution is warranted regarding tyrosine supplementation. The developing bodies and brains of children have different nutritional needs compared to adults, and the effects of supplementation may differ as well.

Should children take tyrosine supplements? As a general rule, tyrosine supplements should not be given to children without explicit medical recommendation and supervision. If a healthcare provider suggests tyrosine supplementation for a child, it’s typically in the context of specific medical conditions or nutritional deficiencies.

Parents and caregivers should focus on providing a balanced diet rich in natural sources of tyrosine and other essential nutrients to support healthy growth and development in children. If there are concerns about a child’s tyrosine intake or overall nutrition, consulting with a pediatrician or registered dietitian is the best course of action.

Future Directions in Tyrosine Research

As our understanding of amino acid metabolism and its impact on human health continues to evolve, tyrosine remains an area of active research. Scientists are exploring various aspects of tyrosine’s role in the body and its potential therapeutic applications.

What are some promising areas of tyrosine research? Some current and future directions include:

• Further investigation into tyrosine’s role in stress resilience and cognitive performance under challenging conditions
• Exploration of tyrosine’s potential in supporting mental health and cognitive function in aging populations
• Continued research on tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer treatment and other medical applications
• Investigation of tyrosine’s role in metabolic health and its potential implications for conditions like obesity and diabetes

As research progresses, we may gain new insights into how tyrosine can be leveraged to support health and well-being across various contexts. However, it’s important to approach new findings with critical thinking and wait for robust scientific evidence before making significant changes to dietary or supplementation practices.

The Importance of Personalized Nutrition

As we learn more about tyrosine and other nutrients, it becomes increasingly clear that individual variations in metabolism, genetics, and lifestyle can significantly impact nutritional needs and responses to supplementation.

How can we optimize tyrosine intake on an individual basis? The future of nutrition may lie in personalized approaches that take into account factors such as:

• Genetic predispositions affecting amino acid metabolism
• Individual stress levels and lifestyle factors
• Existing health conditions and medications
• Dietary preferences and restrictions

By considering these factors, healthcare providers and nutritionists may be able to provide more targeted recommendations for tyrosine intake and supplementation, maximizing potential benefits while minimizing risks.

Tyrosine Information | Mount Sinai

L-tyrosine

Tyrosine is a nonessential amino acid the body makes from another amino acid called phenylalanine. It is an essential component for the production of several important brain chemicals called neurotransmitters, including epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine. Neurotransmitters help nerve cells communicate and influence mood. Tyrosine also helps produce melanin, the pigment responsible for hair and skin color. It helps in the function of organs responsible for making and regulating hormones, including the adrenal, thyroid, and pituitary glands. It is involved in the structure of almost every protein in the body.

It’s rare to be deficient in tyrosine. Low levels have been associated with low blood pressure, low body temperature, and an underactive thyroid. This does not mean, however, that taking tyrosine supplements will help any of these conditions.

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

This serious condition occurs in people whose bodies can’t use the amino acid phenylalanine. It can lead to brain damage, including intellectual disability. People with PKU must avoid any phenylalanine in their diets. Because tyrosine is made from phenylalanine, people with PKU can be deficient in tyrosine. Tyrosine is used in protein supplements for people with PKU, but most doctors don’t recommend more tyrosine supplements. If you have PKU, your doctor will determine if you need more tyrosine and how much.

Stress

Tyrosine is involved in the production of the stress neurotransmitters epinephrine and norepinephrine. Some researchers believe that, under stress, the body isn’t able to make enough tyrosine from phenylalanine. Some animal and human studies suggest that tyrosine supplements may help improve memory and performance under psychological stress. More research is needed.

Sleep deprivation

One study suggests that taking tyrosine may help you be more alert after sleep deprivation. More research is needed.

Other

Some athletes claim that tyrosine helps their performance. However, there is no proof that this claim is true or safe.

Because tyrosine helps the body produce the mood-influencing chemical dopamine, and because people who are depressed often have low levels of tyrosine, researchers thought that tyrosine might help treat depression. However, studies have found that it has no effect.

Preliminary research suggests that tyrosine kinase inhibitors may play a role in the treatment of thyroid cancer. Other studies suggest tyrosine kinase inhibitors may help improve lung function among people who have lung cancer or pulminary fibrosis. More research is needed.

Dietary Sources

Tyrosine is found in soy products, chicken, turkey, fish, peanuts, almonds, avocados, bananas, milk, cheese, yogurt, cottage cheese, lima beans, pumpkin seeds, and sesame seeds.

Available Forms

Tyrosine is also available as a dietary supplement, in capsule or tablet form.

How to Take It

Take tyrosine supplements at least 30 minutes before meals, divided into 3 daily doses. Taking vitamins B6, B9 (folate), and copper along with tyrosine helps the body convert tyrosine into important brain chemicals.

Pediatric

Don’t give tyrosine supplements to a child without first asking your doctor.

Adult

Doses vary. Talk to your nutritionist or doctor about what dose is right for you. To treat symptoms of sleep deprivation, one study used 150 mg per kilogram of body weight per day.

Precautions

Because of the potential for side effects and interactions with medications, you should take dietary supplements only under the supervision of a knowledgeable health care provider.

People who have migraine headaches should avoid tyrosine, as it can trigger migraine headaches and stomach upset.

People with hyperthyroidism or Graves disease should avoid tyrosine supplements because tyrosine may increase levels of thyroid hormone.

Possible Interactions

If you are being treated with any of the following medications, you should not use tyrosine supplements without first talking to your health care provider.

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) — Tyrosine may cause a severe increase in blood pressure in people taking antidepressant medications known as MAOIs. This rapid increase in blood pressure, also called “hypertensive crisis,” can lead to a heart attack or stroke. People taking MAOIs should avoid foods and supplements containing tyrosine. MAOIs include:

• Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
• Phenelzine (Nardil)
• Tranylcypromine (Parnate)
• Selegiline

Thyroid hormone — Tyrosine is a precursor to thyroid hormone, so it might raise levels too high when taken with synthetic thyroid hormones.

Levodopa (L-dopa) — Tyrosine should not be taken at the same time as levodopa, a medication used to treat Parkinson’s disease. Levodopa may interfere with the absorption of tyrosine.

Supporting Research

Carhill AA, et al. The noninvestigational use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in thyroid cancer: establishing a standard for patient safety and monitoring. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98(1):31-42.

Fernstrom JD. Can nutrient supplements modify brain function? Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71(6 Suppl):1669S-1675S.

Hoffman JR, Ratamess NA, Gonzalez A, Beller NA, Hoffman MW, Olson M, Purpura M, Jäger R. The effects of acute and prolonged CRAM supplementation on reaction time and subjective measures of focus and alertness in healthy college students. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2010 Dec 15;7:39.

Kliegman R, Behrman R, Jenson H, Stanton B. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 19th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2011.

Mahoney CR, Castellani J, Kramer FM, Young A, Lieberman HR. Tyrosine supplementation mitigates working memory decrements during cold exposure. Physiol Behav. 2007 May 22; [Epub ahead of print]

Melmed: Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2011.

Meyers S. Use of neurotransmitter precursors for treatment of depression. Altern Med Rev. 2000;5(1):64-71.

Parry BL. The role of central serotonergic dysfunction in the aetiology of premenstrual dysphoric disorder: therapeutic implications. CNS Drugs. 2001;15(4):277-285.

Poustie VJ, Rutherford P. Tyrosine supplementation for phenylketonuria. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD001507.

Richeldi L, et al. Efficacy of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(12):1079-87.

Thomas A, Rajan A, giaccone G. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Lung Cancer. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America. 2012;26(3).

Tumilty L, Davison G, Beckmann M, Thatcher R. Oral tyrosine supplementation improves exercise capacity in the heat. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 Mar 25. [Epub ahead of print]

van Spronsen FJ, van Rijn M, Bekhof J, Koch R, Smit PG. Phenylketonuria: tyrosine supplementation in phenylalanine-restricted diets. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73(2):153-157.

Webster D, Wildgoose J. Tyrosine supplementation for phenylketonuria. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010 Aug 4;(8):CD001507. Review.

Yehuda S. Possible anti-Parkinson properties of N-(alpha-linolenoyl) tyrosine. A new molecule. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2002;72(1-2):7-11.

Overview, Uses, Side Effects, Precautions, Interactions, Dosing and Reviews

Overview

Tyrosine is a type of amino acid, which are the building blocks of protein. The body makes tyrosine from another amino acid called phenylalanine.

In the diet, tyrosine can be eaten in dairy products, meats, fish, eggs, nuts, beans, oats, and wheat. The body uses tyrosine to make chemical messengers that are involved in conditions affecting the brain, such as mental alertness.

People most commonly use tyrosine in protein supplements for an inherited disorder called phenylketonuria (PKU). It is also used for alcohol use disorder, cocaine dependence, and memory and thinking skills, but there is no good scientific evidence to support most of these uses.

Uses & Effectiveness ?

Effective for

• An inherited disorder that increases levels of phenylalanine in the blood (phenylketonuria or PKU). People with PKU are not able to process the amino acid phenylalanine. This amino acid is used by the body to make tyrosine. To prevent tyrosine levels from becoming too low, people with PKU are advised to consume medical foods that contain tyrosine and very little phenylalanine.

Possibly Effective for

• Memory and thinking skills (cognitive function). Taking tyrosine by mouth might improve mental performance under stressful conditions.
• Memory. Taking tyrosine by mouth seems to improve memory during stressful situations.

Possibly Ineffective for

• Athletic performance. Taking tyrosine by mouth before running or cycling doesn’t seem to improve performance.

There is interest in using tyrosine for a number of other purposes, but there isn’t enough reliable information to say whether it might be helpful.

Side Effects

When taken by mouth: Tyrosine is commonly consumed in foods. Tyrosine is possibly safe when taken as a medicine, short-term. It seems to be safe when taken in doses up to 150 mg/kg daily for up to 3 months. Some people experience side effects such as nausea, headache, fatigue, and heartburn.

When applied to the skin: Tyrosine is possibly safe when applied to the skin.

Special Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy and breast-feeding: There isn’t enough reliable information to know if tyrosine is safe to use when pregnant or breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and stick to food amounts.

Thyroid disorders: The body uses tyrosine to make thyroxine, a thyroid hormone. Taking extra tyrosine might increase thyroxine levels too much. This could make hyperthyroidism and Grave’s disease worse. If you have a thyroid disorder, don’t take tyrosine supplements.

Interactions ?

Moderate Interaction

Be cautious with this combination

• Tyrosine might decrease how much levodopa the body absorbs. By decreasing how much levodopa the body absorbs, tyrosine might decrease the effects of levodopa. Do not take tyrosine and levodopa at the same time.

• The body naturally produces thyroid hormones. Tyrosine might increase how much thyroid hormone the body produces. Taking tyrosine with thyroid hormone pills might cause there to be too much thyroid hormone. This could increase the effects and side effects of thyroid hormones.

Dosing

In the diet, tyrosine is found in dairy, meats, fish, eggs, nuts, beans, oats, and wheat. In supplements, tyrosine has most often been used by adults in doses of 100-300 mg/kg by mouth daily. Speak with a healthcare provider to find out what dose might be best for a specific condition.

View References

CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you.

This copyrighted material is provided by Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Consumer Version. Information from this source is evidence-based and objective, and without commercial influence. For professional medical information on natural medicines, see Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Professional Version. © Therapeutic Research Faculty 2018.

tyrosine – complete information about the amino acid in the Encyclopedia Evalar

L tyrosine is an optically isomeric form of the aromatic amino acid tyrosine. The substance is involved in lipid metabolism, regulates appetite, improves melanin synthesis, normalizes the functioning of the adrenal glands, pituitary gland, and thyroid gland.

The amino acid L tyrosine is a non-essential amino acid, as it is produced in the body. The disadvantage is partially compensated with protein food. The compound was first discovered in cheese by the German scientist Liebig. Tyrosine is needed to build protein molecules in all tissues, is part of enzymes, and can partially replace molecular crosslinks in case of a lack of other substances in the body.

Synthesis and role in the body

For the formation of tyrosine, phenylalanine is necessary – an essential amino acid, without which synthesis is impossible. Phenylalanine is needed for the structure of protein compounds, and all of its unused residue is converted into tyrosine. Thus, with a deficiency of the precursor substance, a deficiency of tyrosine occurs.

With the participation of L tyrosine, hormones are produced in the adrenal glands and the thyroid gland. During the enzymatic transformation, the skin and hair pigment, melanin, is produced.

The adrenal glands under the action of tyrosine produce hormones of the catecholamine group: adrenaline, norepinephrine, dopamine. These are neurotransmitters that control the functioning of the nervous system, stimulate the brain, improve the passage of nerve impulses. With an increase in physical activity, the production of catecholamines increases, this allows the body to adapt. The faster the endocrine system responds to stress, releasing the necessary substances into the blood, the easier it is for the cardiovascular system and muscles to cope:

• Adrenaline – is produced during severe stress or sudden physical impulses. This increases the permeability of cell walls, accelerates the breakdown of fats and carbohydrates for more energy. The body’s endurance during this period increases.

• Norepinephrine – secreted during moments of aggression, stress, prolonged hard physical work, injuries. Increases muscle endurance, constricts blood vessels.

• Dopamine – improves the absorption of glucose in tissues, stimulates cellular nutrition, constricts blood vessels, causes a feeling of pleasure. Takes part in the formation of growth hormone.

In the thyroid gland, tyrosine is necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones – thyroxine and triiodothyronine. These are iodinated amino acids necessary for normal growth and development of tissues, normal mental activity, regulation of metabolism and maintenance of normal body temperature. Substances of this group increase the body’s sensitivity to adrenal hormones.

Effects on body systems

Normalization of the concentration of L tyrosine affects the functioning of all body systems:

• Cardiovascular. The compound helps regulate blood pressure, reduces the risk of hypertension, improves vascular tone, nutrition at the cellular level. The frequency and intensity of vegetative-vascular spasms decreases, the heart muscle strengthens.

• Nervous. L tyrosine enhances adaptability to psychological and physical stress, stimulates the brain, increases concentration, helps fight depression and the effects of stress.

• Endocrine. With the participation of tyrosine, hormones are synthesized in the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pituitary gland, sex glands in men and women. Their normal work supports cognitive, motor functions, regulates metabolism, helps to form the correct immune response to various types of pathogens.

• Metabolism. Under the action of the substance, the breakdown of fats is enhanced and carbohydrate metabolism is normalized. This leads to a decrease in appetite and utilization of lipid deposits.

An excess of tyrosine leads to dramatic weight loss, insomnia, distracted attention, and increased excitability. This condition is associated with an increased concentration of thyroid hormones and requires correction.

The daily minimum requirement for an adult is 60 mg, and at high loads, severe decompensation or in a stressful situation, the consumption can increase to 4 g.

Consequences of deficiency

Insufficient concentration of L tyrosine can lead to a decrease in concentration, loss of endurance, apathy, and with prolonged deficiency, there are:

• Puffiness, drowsiness, dry skin, pallor, weight gain. This increases the risk of atherosclerosis, hypertension.

• Violation of the liver, kidneys. At the first stage, glucose is no longer absorbed, the cells experience a lack of nutrition, and the work of the excretory system is inhibited.

Food sources

Despite the fact that L-tyrosine is synthesized by our body with the participation of phenylalanine, most often this amount is not enough for the normal operation of all systems. To partially compensate for the deficiency, eating foods such as:

• Pork, beef, lamb.

• Chicken, turkey, duck.

• Fish and seafood.

• Cheese, cottage cheese, yogurt, kefir.

• Nuts, sunflower seeds, sesame seeds, legumes.

In addition to food sources, you can compensate for the lack of L tyrosine by taking food supplements in the form of capsules, tablets, lozenges.

BAA with tyrosine

These are balanced drugs that are used for conditions such as:

• deterioration of cognitive functions, memory, attention;

• loss of working capacity, endurance, with constant fatigue;

• sudden mood swings, depression, phobias.

In childhood, drugs are prescribed for hyperactivity, increased excitability, difficulty in perceiving new information. L-tyrosine is also indicated for age-related disorders of the brain and nervous system. To enhance the effect in additives, in addition to tyrosine, phenylalanine is present.

The method of application for each additive is indicated in the instructions. In most cases, dietary supplements are drunk in the morning, an hour before meals. Wash down with water or juice at room temperature. The average course duration is 30-45 days.

Side effects and contraindications

Dosages and duration of administration are selected by specialists. The drugs did not reveal any side effects while following the selected scheme.

Possible contraindications:

• Pregnancy and breastfeeding.

• Hyperthyroidism.

• Hypertension.

• Taking antidepressants based on monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

• Allergic reactions to the components of the drug.

• Schizophrenia.

If the start of supplementation with L tyrosine coincided with the appearance of other symptoms, it is recommended to stop taking it and seek the advice of a doctor.

NEW

L-Tyrosine 500 mg from Evalar Laboratory is made from premium quality raw materials from a Swedish manufacturer. The uniqueness and high quality of the components of the drug ensure its high efficiency and bioavailability for the body.

✒ Tyrosine – Benefits, Side Effects & Dosage – [SAYYES]

Tyrosine is a popular dietary supplement used to improve alertness and concentration. This substance is used in the human brain to carry out a number of important chemical processes, transmit nerve impulses, and regulate mood.

Although tyrosine has several benefits, some medications may cause side effects when used with tyrosine. In order to avoid misuse of this supplement, below we will review its basic information, recommendations for use, and potential risks associated with its abuse.

What is tyrosine and what is it for? The first compound is found in common products available to everyone. However, its greatest amount is observed in cheese, where tyrosine was discovered for the first time. This substance is also found in chicken, fish, milk, and high-protein foods.

According to research data, tyrosine is involved in the synthesis of a number of important substances for the human body, such as:

If your diet is deficient in high tyrosine foods, doctors recommend the use of appropriate nutritional supplements. Adding them to the diet can increase the amount of dopamine, adrenaline and norepinephrine, which will lead to improved memory and improve reaction in stressful situations and brain function.

Effect of tyrosine on stress levels

nii and transmission of nerve impulses. So, for example, in rodents whose body was constantly exposed to low temperatures, scientists noted a decrease in the level of neurotransmitters, which caused memory impairment. However, the use of tyrosine supplements made it possible to reverse the process and normalize brain function in animals. Although laboratory studies on rats cannot be used to confirm the effect of a substance on the human body, experiments involving humans have shown a similar result.

One study of 22 women found that adding tyrosine to the diet increased the speed of problem solving. Scientists attribute this effect to an increase in concentration levels.

Another experiment looking at the compound’s effect on cognitive flexibility found that tyrosine improved the ability to quickly switch from one task to another while maintaining performance levels. In addition, regular intake of tyrosine has been found to improve brain function in sleep-deprived people and keep their concentration levels up to 3 hours longer than placebo.

An analysis of a number of studies has shown that the addition of this compound to the diet can reverse the process of mental decline. Also, the supplement can improve the cognitive abilities of the brain in stressful and psychologically difficult situations. And despite some evidence that tyrosine can improve brain function, there is not a single study that confirms the ability of this compound to increase the level of physical performance.

The scientists also report that none of the previous studies have shown that tyrosine is able to improve brain function outside of stressful situations. In other words, the inclusion of this supplement in the diet will not improve mental abilities.

Tyrosine buy in Kiev with delivery in Ukraine

Tyrosine can be used to treat phenylketonuria

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disease that interferes with the synthesis of phenylalanine hydroxylase. This enzyme is used by the human body to generate neurotransmitters and also to break down phenylalanine.

The main treatment for this genetic disorder is a specialized diet that includes foods high in phenylalanine. But due to the fact that tyrosine is synthesized from this substance, individuals suffering from PKU may experience an acute deficiency of it. Based on this, the scientists concluded that tyrosine supplements can improve the condition of people with phenylketonuria.

Analysis of research data showed that the regular use of dietary supplements of tyrosine in combination with a specialized diet for patients with PKU positively affects the growth of intelligence, improves quality of life and reduces the risk of death. However, some studies have shown that there is practically no difference between the use of supplements and placebo. Therefore, it is impossible to draw unambiguous conclusions about the need for the use of tyrosine in the treatment of PKU.

Should l tyrosine be used for depression

zine can help people who are depressed. This condition is associated with an imbalance of neurotransmitters in the human brain. For its treatment, as a rule, antidepressants are prescribed, which contribute to the production of additional neurotransmitters. But because tyrosine has the same property, it can be used as an alternative to antidepressants.

Despite this, some previous studies refute this claim. So, in one of the experiments, one group with depression was given 100 milligrams of tyrosine per 1 kilogram of its own weight in combination with antidepressants, and the other amino acid was replaced with a placebo. After the study was completed, it was found that tyrosine has no effect on depression.

According to doctors, depression is a rather complex condition that varies from person to person. Therefore, the use of tyrosine in its treatment can help only a few. Despite this, the inclusion of an appropriate supplement in the diet increases the level of adrenaline, dopamine and norepinephrine, which will provide benefits to the body.

One study in people whose depression was caused by low levels of dopamine showed that tyrosine could improve their condition. The participants in the experiment experienced an increase in the amount of energy and an increase in motivation.

The results of studies on the effect of tyrosine on depression are inconsistent. Therefore, further experiments will be required to determine the usefulness of the substance in this area.

Side effects of l-tyrosine

Doctors report that tyrosine is an absolutely safe dietary supplement, provided it is used in the recommended amounts, that is, up to 150 milligrams per 1 kilogram of body weight. Despite this, in combination with certain drugs, this compound may cause unwanted side effects.

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

Tyramine is an amino acid that helps normalize blood pressure levels. It is formed during the breakdown of tyrosine in the human body, and can also be ingested from certain foods, such as:

moldy and hard cheeses; smoked or cured meats; soy products; beer.

MAOIs, also commonly referred to as antidepressants, block an enzyme called monoamine oxidase, which helps break down excess tyramine. This, in turn, can cause an increase in blood pressure to a critical state.

But it remains unknown whether tyrosine can cause tyramine accumulation. Therefore, doctors strongly do not recommend using this supplement in combination with antidepressants.

Thyroid hormones

Substances such as thyroxine and triiodothyronine are the main thyroid hormones. They are responsible for metabolism and cell growth. Therefore, it is very important that the indicators of these hormones do not exceed the permissible value and are not below it.

Adding l-tyrosine to the diet may lead to an increase in thyroxine and triiodothyronine. This is due to the fact that this amino acid acts as a building material for the creation of thyroid hormones. For the same reason, individuals taking thyroid medication should be extremely careful when including tyrosine in their diet.

Levodopa

A drug called Levodopa is often prescribed to treat Parkinson’s disease. Its active components compete with tyrosine for absorption by the body in the small intestine, which can adversely affect the effectiveness of the drug. Therefore, doctors recommend taking tyrosine supplements 2 hours before or after taking the drug. At the same time, the researchers note that tyrosine is able to eliminate some of the symptoms of diseases associated with impaired cognitive functions.

Recommendations for the use of tyrosine

form of the amino acid N-acetyl-L-tyrosine (NALT). This form of the substance is highly soluble in water, but is slowly absorbed. This means that the volumes of NALT used to meet the needs of the body must be higher than pure tyrosine.

In order to increase the effectiveness of training, the last form of the substance is recommended to be included in the diet in the amount of 500 to 2000 milligrams 30-60 minutes before the start of physical activity. To improve brain function, tyrosine should be taken in a ratio of 100 to 150 milligrams per 1 kilogram of its own weight.

Use of higher amounts of supplements may lead to gastrointestinal disturbances. Therefore, the recommended volume should be divided into two doses. Tyrosine is a fairly popular dietary supplement that is used for a variety of purposes. It can be used to increase the amount of neurotransmitters that improve brain function in stressful situations, as well as to increase the effectiveness of certain drugs.

According to scientists, this supplement is absolutely safe. However, it may interact with some medications. Therefore, before including it in the diet, it is important to consult with your doctor.

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SOURCES

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