What are the differences between corns and calluses. How can you identify these foot conditions. What are the most effective home remedies and medical treatments for corns and calluses. When should you seek professional help for foot problems.

Understanding Corns and Calluses: Causes and Characteristics

Corns and calluses are common foot problems that result from the thickening of the skin’s top layer, known as hyperkeratinization. This process occurs in response to repeated friction, pressure, or rubbing on specific areas of the body, particularly the feet. While often grouped together, corns and calluses have distinct features and causes that set them apart.

What Causes Corns and Calluses?

The primary causes of corns and calluses include:

• Ill-fitting shoes that create pressure or friction
• Repetitive activities or motions
• Foot deformities or gait abnormalities
• Walking barefoot regularly
• High-impact activities or sports

Understanding these causes is crucial for prevention and treatment. Are you experiencing discomfort in your feet? It might be time to reassess your footwear and daily activities.

Distinguishing Features of Corns: Types and Symptoms

Corns are small, defined areas of thickened skin that typically form on bony parts of the foot, such as toe joints. They have a hard core surrounded by inflamed skin, making them distinct from calluses. Corns can be painful, especially when pressure is applied.

Types of Corns

1. Hard Corns: Develop on dry, flat areas of skin, often on bony parts of the foot compressed by shoes.
2. Soft Corns: Form between toes where skin is moist, usually due to tight shoes.
3. Seed Corns: Tiny corns that commonly appear on the ball of the foot.

Can you differentiate between a corn and a wart? Corns are typically found on the top of the foot or between toes, while warts often appear on the bottom of the foot and can grow in clusters.

Calluses Explained: Formation and Identification

Calluses are less-defined patches of thickened skin that are generally larger than corns. They usually develop on areas of the body subjected to frequent friction or pressure over extended periods. Unlike corns, calluses are rarely painful and can even serve as a form of protection against blisters and further friction.

Common Sites for Callus Formation

• Heels and balls of the feet
• Palms of the hands
• Knees

Do you have rough, dry patches on your feet or hands? These might be calluses resulting from repetitive activities or pressure.

Effective Home Remedies for Corns and Calluses

Most corns and calluses can be treated effectively at home without medical intervention. Here are some proven methods to alleviate discomfort and reduce the thickened skin:

1. Remove the source of irritation (e.g., change to properly fitting shoes)
2. Soak the affected area in warm water for 10-20 minutes to soften the skin
3. Gently abrade the softened skin with a pumice stone
4. Apply an emollient-rich moisturizer to keep the skin soft
5. Use over-the-counter corn pads or callus removers (follow instructions carefully)

Is your at-home treatment not yielding results? It may be time to consult a podiatrist for professional advice and treatment options.

Medical Treatments and When to Seek Professional Help

While most corns and calluses respond well to home remedies, some cases may require medical intervention. A podiatrist or dermatologist can offer additional treatments such as:

• Professional debridement (removal of dead skin)
• Prescription medications to reduce inflammation
• Custom orthotics to address underlying foot structure issues
• Surgical correction for severe cases or underlying bone abnormalities

When should you seek medical help for corns or calluses? Consider consulting a professional if:

• You have diabetes or poor circulation
• The corn or callus is very painful
• Home remedies have been ineffective after several weeks
• You notice signs of infection (redness, warmth, pus)

Prevention Strategies for Corns and Calluses

Preventing corns and calluses is often easier than treating them. Implement these strategies to minimize your risk:

1. Wear properly fitting shoes with adequate toe room
2. Use cushioned insoles or orthotics to redistribute pressure
3. Wear socks with shoes to reduce friction
4. Keep feet clean and moisturized
5. Trim toenails regularly to prevent pressure on adjacent toes
6. Use protective pads or gloves during repetitive activities

Have you assessed your footwear recently? Ensuring your shoes fit correctly is one of the most effective ways to prevent corns and calluses.

The Impact of Lifestyle and Occupation on Corn and Callus Development

Certain lifestyles and occupations can increase the likelihood of developing corns and calluses. Activities that involve repetitive motions or prolonged pressure on specific areas of the feet or hands are particularly problematic.

Occupations at Higher Risk

• Construction workers
• Athletes
• Musicians (especially string instrument players)
• Dancers
• Carpenters

Are you in a profession that puts you at higher risk for corns and calluses? Regular foot care and appropriate protective gear can help mitigate these occupational hazards.

Special Considerations for Diabetics and Those with Circulation Issues

Individuals with diabetes or circulatory problems must take extra precautions when dealing with corns and calluses. These conditions can impair healing and increase the risk of infection, making even minor foot problems potentially serious.

Guidelines for At-Risk Individuals

1. Inspect feet daily for any changes or signs of injury
2. Avoid using over-the-counter corn removers or attempting self-treatment
3. Consult a podiatrist for safe, professional treatment
4. Maintain good foot hygiene and moisture balance
5. Wear diabetic-friendly shoes and socks

Do you have diabetes or circulatory issues? It’s crucial to include regular foot check-ups as part of your healthcare routine.

Corns and calluses, while common, can significantly impact daily comfort and mobility. By understanding their causes, recognizing their symptoms, and implementing proper care and prevention strategies, you can maintain healthy, pain-free feet. Remember, persistent or painful corns and calluses warrant professional medical attention, especially for individuals with underlying health conditions. With the right approach, you can step confidently towards better foot health and overall well-being.

Symptoms and Treatment for Corns and Calluses

Corns and calluses are areas of thick, hardened, accumulated dead skin cells that are caused by repeated rubbing, friction, or pressure. They can form anywhere on the body but are most commonly found on the hands, toes, heels, or soles of the feet.

Both are the result of hyperkeratinization—the thickening of the top layer of skin, known as the stratum corneum. If your shoe repeatedly rubs against a spot on your foot, for example, the inflammation and gradual build-up of scar tissue lead to the development of a corn or callus.

Andrew Bossi / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 2.5 

While we tend to think of corns and calluses as interchangeable, they are distinctive in their appearance, causes, and sensitivity.

Corns

Corns are small, defined areas of thickened skin that usually form on bony areas of the foot, such as the joints of toes. They most commonly develop where the skin is thin and glabrous (hairless and smooth).

Corns differ from calluses in that they have a hard core surrounded by inflamed skin. Because their shape is typically well defined, they can often be mistaken for warts.

As with a wart, a corn is typically hardened and raised with a flaky, dry, or waxy surface. However, corns can be differentiated by their location on the top of the foot and between toes rather than the bottom (plantar) side of the foot. Warts can also appear in clusters, which corns generally don’t, and develop on any part of the body.

There are both soft corns and hard corns. Soft corns develop on the moist skin between toes in response to abnormal friction (such as walking in tight, pointed-toe shoes). They tend to be whitish in color with a rubbery, pliable texture.

Hard corns, by contrast, develop on dry, flat areas of skin, especially bony parts of the foot that are tightly compressed in shoes. Hard corns form where a bone comes into direct contact with the inside of a shoe (especially shoes in which the toes are abnormally curled). They tend to be small and circular and co-exist with calluses.

Within both soft and hard corns is a barley-shape core that runs perpendicular to the foot from the top of the corn to the tissues below. Because of its shape and position, the hardened core can sometimes press on nerve endings, causing sharp, stabbing pain.

There are also tiny “seed corns” that commonly develop on the ball of the foot and, despite their diminutive size, are no less painful.

Calluses

Calluses are less-defined patches of thickened skin. Typically larger than corns and rarely painful, they are caused by friction or pressure delivered over a long period of time. Even writing with a pencil over the course of years, for example, can lead to the development of a callus on the middle finger of the writing hand.

Calluses are usually not painful and tend to involve larger areas of skin, especially under the heels or on the palm, knees, or balls of the feet. The skin can sometimes be smooth and hard or rough, dry, and patchy.

Among some of the situations that cause calluses:

• Chopping wood
• Construction work
• Playing on monkey bars
• Playing sports with equipment that has handles (such as tennis or golf)
• Rock climbing
• Rowing
• Strumming or plucking guitar strings
• Walking barefoot
• Wearing high heels
• Weightlifting

A callus may be considered a form of protection in that the layers of dead skin cells are resistant to blisters and friction.

The only time a callus causes pain is when it cracks and exposes the underlying tissue. This is not uncommon with heel calluses in which the thick layers of skin are less able to flex. Once a crevasse forms, it can make walking difficult; any additional pressure placed on the heel can increase the size and depth of the crack.

At-Home Treatments

Most corns and calluses do not require medical treatment and can be treated at home with proper foot care and simple, over-the-counter products.

To treat a callus or corn safely:

Remove the source of the irritation. This may require you to wear different shoes or to replace those that are too tight or loose, for example. This is especially true as your feet age and begin to experience changes in the arches or thickness of the skin.

In some cases, orthopedic shoes or orthotic insoles may be needed to compensate for any abnormalities in the structure of your foot and/or gait. A foot analysis also can help.

Soak your foot or hand in warm water. Doing so for 10 to 20 minutes can soften the skin and may help relieve some of the pain. Once finished, dry thoroughly.

Abrade the skin with a pumice stone. This is something you need to do gently, generally on larger patches of thick skin. Soaking your skin beforehand makes the exfoliation much easier. Once completed, use an extra-thick, emollient-rich lotion or cream to lock in the moisture and keep the skin soft.

Pad the callus or corn. The best way to deal with pain and promote healing is to pad the affected area of skin. Adhesive corn patches and elastic toe sleeves can be readily found at most drugstores.

To protect larger areas of skin, ask your pharmacist about gel insoles or heel cups. If the callus or corn is on your hand, cover it with a bandage strip and wear protective gloves while working.

There is also a wide variety of over-the-counter corn removers that typically contain salicylic acid. While they can be effective in removing a corn, discontinue use if you experience any pain or skin irritation.

You should avoid these products if you have diabetic neuropathy or any condition that affects the blood flow to the foot (such as peripheral arterial disease). Conditions like these can impede normal healing and lead to the development of sores and ulcers that are hard to treat.

If you have diabetes, peripheral neuropathy (foot nerve pain), leg edema (fluid overload of the feet and ankles), or any chronic circulation problem, do not attempt to self-treat your corns or calluses. Always see a doctor.

When to See a Doctor

If a corn or callus is painful or bleeding, you should have it looked at by a podiatrist. Pain or bleeding is an indication that the deeper layers of skin are being affected. Ignoring these symptoms may result in otherwise avoidable complications, such as infection or ulcerations.

Treatment may involve debridement (the removal of damaged tissue) or the paring (cutting out) of a corn with a scalpel.

It is important to note that corns and calluses will often return even after effective treatment. If they become problematic, surgery may be explored (especially for corns). This should only be considered if all other conservative forms of treatment have failed to provide relief.

In such a case, surgical enucleation (the removal of the hardened core), bunionectomy (removal of a bunion), or even foot alignment surgery may be considered.

Plantar Wart in Adults: Condition, Treatments, and Pictures – Overview

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Information for
AdultsChildTeen

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Images of Wart, Plantar (HPV)

Overview

Warts are growths of the skin and mucous membranes (the mouth or genitals) that are caused by over 100 types of the human papillomavirus (HPV). The virus causes thickening of the top skin layer. A plantar wart occurs on the sole of the foot. It can look and feel like a callus. Plantar warts can be small, or they can grow to cover most of the sole of the foot. They are usually painless and go away on their own, sometimes taking a few months to resolve (but can take up to 2 years).

Warts are usually acquired from person-to-person contact. The virus is not highly contagious but can cause an infection by entering through a small break in the skin. In the same way, warts can be spread to other places on your own body. The virus is rarely transferred by touching an object used by an infected person.

Who’s at risk?

Warts can affect people of any age, but they are most common in those 12-16 years old. It is estimated that 20% of schoolchildren and about 10% of the general population have warts. Those with HIV or organ transplants or on chemotherapy have a higher incidence of warts due to their weakened immune system.

Signs and Symptoms

The most common locations for plantar warts include:

• Soles of the feet, especially the weight-bearing areas (eg, the heels and balls of the feet)
• Undersides of the toes

Plantar warts may occur singly or in clusters. They appear as thick, rough, callus-like thickenings on the soles of the feet. In addition, plantar warts often have multiple small black “dots” at the surface, which are actually tiny blood vessels.

Plantar warts are usually tender.

Infection with plantar warts can be described as:

• Small plantar warts – one or few small, painless lesions
• Moderate plantar warts – multiple lesions, which may be uncomfortable
• Giant plantar warts – the warts cover a large part of the sole and may cause significant discomfort and pain

Self-Care Guidelines

Because warts can resolve on their own, it is not necessary to treat all warts. Additionally, treating warts may not always destroy them, nor will it necessarily keep other warts from appearing. Treatment can be painful and cause scars and might need to be repeated, so it should only be done in cases where the warts are highly bothersome or interfere with daily life.

• Duct tape applied daily to the affected area seems to work for unknown reasons. The tape should be very sticky and kept on for a few days. Between changes of duct tape, the wart should be soaked in warm water, and any loose skin should be removed every few days with a mild abrasive, like a pumice stone or emery board.
• Over-the-counter wart removers have a high percentage of salicylic acid and work by dissolving away the layer of skin infected with the virus. This treatment needs to be used daily and can sometimes be irritating if it touches unaffected skin around it; 40% salicylic acid self-stick pads appear to be one of the most effective types. Cut out a pad that covers the wart, and then apply duct tape over the pad to secure it. Keep on for 2–3 days. Remove the pad and tape and scrub away the top layer of dead skin, now white-colored, with an emery board or pumice stone. Reapply a new 40% salicylic acid pad and duct tape. Keep removing dead skin and reapplying every few days until the wart is gone. Many plantar warts will respond in 1–2 months.
• Over-the-counter freezing medications are available but have not been found to be very effective.
• Family members should avoid sharing personal items such as towels.

When to Seek Medical Care

Make an appointment with a dermatologist or another physician if you have:

• Painful or bleeding warts.
• Rapidly spreading or multiplying warts.
• Warts that interfere with daily life and are not responsive to self-care.

People with diabetes or a circulatory disorder should have their warts treated by a physician.

Treatments Your Physician May Prescribe

Once you have been diagnosed with a plantar wart, your physician may try one or more of the following treatments:

• Freezing with liquid nitrogen (cryosurgery)
• Burning with an electric needle (electrocautery)
• Using a laser to disrupt the blood supply of the warts
• Application of cantharidin, podophyllin, tretinoin, or salicylic acid
• Injection with Candida antigen, an allergy-causing protein, or with bleomycin, a chemotherapy drug, directly into the warts

Plantar warts can be very stubborn, and effective treatment may take many months.

Trusted Links

MedlinePlus: WartsClinical Information and Differential Diagnosis of Wart, Plantar (HPV)

References

Bolognia, Jean L., ed. Dermatology, pp.1222, 1226. New York: Mosby, 2003.

Freedberg, Irwin M., ed. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine. 6^th ed. pp.2122-2124, 2127, 2368. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2003.

Plantar Wart in Adults: Condition, Treatments, and Pictures – Overview

52511
34

Information for
AdultsChildTeen

caption goes here…

Images of Wart, Plantar (HPV)

Overview

Warts are growths of the skin and mucous membranes (the mouth or genitals) that are caused by over 100 types of the human papillomavirus (HPV). The virus causes thickening of the top skin layer. A plantar wart occurs on the sole of the foot. It can look and feel like a callus. Plantar warts can be small, or they can grow to cover most of the sole of the foot. They are usually painless and go away on their own, sometimes taking a few months to resolve (but can take up to 2 years).

Warts are usually acquired from person-to-person contact. The virus is not highly contagious but can cause an infection by entering through a small break in the skin. In the same way, warts can be spread to other places on your own body. The virus is rarely transferred by touching an object used by an infected person.

Who’s at risk?

Warts can affect people of any age, but they are most common in those 12-16 years old. It is estimated that 20% of schoolchildren and about 10% of the general population have warts. Those with HIV or organ transplants or on chemotherapy have a higher incidence of warts due to their weakened immune system.

Signs and Symptoms

The most common locations for plantar warts include:

• Soles of the feet, especially the weight-bearing areas (eg, the heels and balls of the feet)
• Undersides of the toes

Plantar warts may occur singly or in clusters. They appear as thick, rough, callus-like thickenings on the soles of the feet. In addition, plantar warts often have multiple small black “dots” at the surface, which are actually tiny blood vessels.

Plantar warts are usually tender.

Infection with plantar warts can be described as:

• Small plantar warts – one or few small, painless lesions
• Moderate plantar warts – multiple lesions, which may be uncomfortable
• Giant plantar warts – the warts cover a large part of the sole and may cause significant discomfort and pain

Self-Care Guidelines

Because warts can resolve on their own, it is not necessary to treat all warts. Additionally, treating warts may not always destroy them, nor will it necessarily keep other warts from appearing. Treatment can be painful and cause scars and might need to be repeated, so it should only be done in cases where the warts are highly bothersome or interfere with daily life.

• Duct tape applied daily to the affected area seems to work for unknown reasons. The tape should be very sticky and kept on for a few days. Between changes of duct tape, the wart should be soaked in warm water, and any loose skin should be removed every few days with a mild abrasive, like a pumice stone or emery board.
• Over-the-counter wart removers have a high percentage of salicylic acid and work by dissolving away the layer of skin infected with the virus. This treatment needs to be used daily and can sometimes be irritating if it touches unaffected skin around it; 40% salicylic acid self-stick pads appear to be one of the most effective types. Cut out a pad that covers the wart, and then apply duct tape over the pad to secure it. Keep on for 2–3 days. Remove the pad and tape and scrub away the top layer of dead skin, now white-colored, with an emery board or pumice stone. Reapply a new 40% salicylic acid pad and duct tape. Keep removing dead skin and reapplying every few days until the wart is gone. Many plantar warts will respond in 1–2 months.
• Over-the-counter freezing medications are available but have not been found to be very effective.
• Family members should avoid sharing personal items such as towels.

When to Seek Medical Care

Make an appointment with a dermatologist or another physician if you have:

• Painful or bleeding warts.
• Rapidly spreading or multiplying warts.
• Warts that interfere with daily life and are not responsive to self-care.

People with diabetes or a circulatory disorder should have their warts treated by a physician.

Treatments Your Physician May Prescribe

Once you have been diagnosed with a plantar wart, your physician may try one or more of the following treatments:

• Freezing with liquid nitrogen (cryosurgery)
• Burning with an electric needle (electrocautery)
• Using a laser to disrupt the blood supply of the warts
• Application of cantharidin, podophyllin, tretinoin, or salicylic acid
• Injection with Candida antigen, an allergy-causing protein, or with bleomycin, a chemotherapy drug, directly into the warts

Plantar warts can be very stubborn, and effective treatment may take many months.

Trusted Links

MedlinePlus: WartsClinical Information and Differential Diagnosis of Wart, Plantar (HPV)

References

Bolognia, Jean L., ed. Dermatology, pp.1222, 1226. New York: Mosby, 2003.

Freedberg, Irwin M., ed. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine. 6^th ed. pp.2122-2124, 2127, 2368. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2003.

Symptoms, causes, and how to remove them

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A plantar callus is a hard, thickened area of skin that develops on one or both feet. Plantar calluses, like all calluses, form in response to pressure or friction to protect the skin underneath from damage.

Calluses develop in areas of friction, typically on the hands or feet. A plantar callus forms on the bottom of the foot and usually results from wearing shoes that are overly tight or otherwise ill-fitting.

In this article, we look into what plantar calluses are, what causes them, and how to remove them. We also describe the difference between a plantar callus and a plantar wart.

Share on PinterestIll-fitting shoes may cause a plantar callus to form on the sole of the foot.

A callus refers to a patch of hardness on the outer layer of the skin. When friction applies repeated pressure to the skin, calluses develop.

Hyperkeratosis is the medical name for this thickening. The body uses hyperkeratosis to protect the skin from repeated rubbing, pressure, or irritation.

A plantar callus forms on the sole of the foot. These calluses tend to develop near the base of the toes, due to friction from the foot rubbing against the inside of the shoe.

Problems with walking or with the feet can cause calluses when these issues place added stress on certain parts of the foot.

Calluses are not typically painful. However, corns, a similar foot issue, can be painful when pressed.

Calluses may become discolored after some time — a brown, black, or red patch may form beneath the hardened skin. This happens when a small amount of blood pools between the thickened skin and the regular skin underneath.

Plantar calluses usually form when ill-fitting or tight shoes rub against the soles of the feet. As the friction continues, a hard layer of outer skin develops to protect the skin beneath.

In some cases, the way a person walks can cause this hardening of the skin, possibly because of a foot or toe deformity or a recent operation.

Most calluses gradually go away when the friction stops. Some people consider them unsightly and would rather remove them than wait for them to fade.

The American Academy of Dermatology offers the following tips for treating calluses:

1. Soak the area in warm water for about 5–10 minutes or until the skin softens.
2. Dip a pumice stone in warm water, then gently file the callus to remove the dead skin. Circular or sideways motions work best.
3. Be careful to only remove a small amount of skin. Taking too much off could make the callus bleed and lead to infection.
4. Moisturizing daily with a lotion or cream that contains salicylic acid, ammonium lactate, or urea will help gradually soften hard calluses.
5. To keep calluses from getting worse, try padding. Cut a piece of callus padding into two half-moon shapes and place them around the callus.

Bandages, pads, and other products that contain salicylic acid can also help reduce or get rid of calluses.

It is important to note that anyone with a disorder affecting the nerves or circulation in the feet should be careful when using products, such as bandages, on their feet.

A person can usually find the products mentioned above at a local pharmacy, as well as online:

• Shop for salicylic acid-based treatments here.
• Shop for callus padding here.

It is a good idea to speak to a doctor if a callus is large, painful, or getting in the way of daily activities. The doctor may shave off some of the hardened skin and recommend modified footwear to prevent the callus from reforming.

If a callus bleeds or breaks, it is important to keep it clean and covered while it heals. Applying petroleum jelly, such as plain Vaseline, to the area and covering it with a Band-Aid works well. This will help prevent infection and promote healing.

The best way to prevent plantar calluses is to wear shoes that fit well. Low-heeled, comfortable shoes that have enough space around the toes are a good choice.

Wearing socks can also help reduce friction and decrease the likelihood of calluses developing.

People sometimes mistake plantar calluses for a type of wart that forms on the feet, known as a plantar wart.

A wart is a skin infection caused by the human papillomavirus. When a wart develops on a foot, it is called a plantar wart. People often contract the infection by walking barefoot.

If a person does not receive treatment, a wart can grow to more than 1 inch in circumference. Warts can also spread beyond the foot.

Plantar warts tend to be hard and flat. They usually have well defined borders and a rough surface. These warts are typically skin colored with tiny black dots. While doctors once believed that these dots represent clotted blood vessels, research indicates that they may represent tiny collections of blood within the top layer of the skin, called the epidermis.

Another difference between plantar warts and calluses is that warts may be painful, while calluses typically are not.

People can use over-the-counter preparations of salicylic acid to treat warts. These are also available for purchase online. If symptoms worsen or do not resolve over time, speak with a dermatologist about other treatment options.

The American Podiatric Medical Association recommend that anyone with a suspicious growth on a foot receive a diagnosis from a podiatrist.

Calluses on the feet tend to come back after being removed, but they are usually no cause for concern. A podiatrist can suggest further treatment options.

Plantar Warts/Verrucae…commonly known as Fish Eyes

The English call it a Verruca; the Americans call it a Plantar Wart, and us Trinis – a Fish Eye. Called by either name, in any climate, it is a common complaint, worse though in tropical climes. A verruca/plantar wart is a small skin lesion which is commonly found on the soles of your feet especially at pressure points such as the heels, or on the balls of feet. Plantar warts got their name from the plantar surface, which is the sole of the foot. Sometimes plantar warts appear in clusters, but other times it’s only one.

Appearance of the Wart

• The surface of the wart is sometimes covered with black dots that are actually small blood vessels that feed it.
• It is often mistaken for corns or calluses, but are recognisable because they are generally flesh growths that are hard, flat, and have very clearly defined boundaries.
• The colour is usually paler than the usual tone of the skin, white or yellow in hue most times.

Symptoms

• Patients often complain that the wart feels like a small stone under the foot.
• They are not necessarily dangerous but can be very painful because of the fact that they grow inwards. When inflamed it can be so painful that the person has difficulty walking.
• They are inclined to spread to other areas of the foot.

Causes

• All warts are caused by the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) which is a double-stranded DNA virus that causes warts to develop in the outer layers of the skin when it enters the body. Once the virus has gained access to the body, it remains in the inner or lower layers of the epidermis where it may remain totally unnoticed and benign. If it does not do so, then you get warts developing.
• If there is a break, scratch or a thorn in the skin, this will give the virus an opportunity to enter the skin.
• Warts are commonly contracted in communal places such as swimming pools, showers and changing areas. This is how children are at risk of contracting them in school changing rooms and swimming pools.
• Walking around barefooted and sharing shoes with others can also contribute.
• Excessive moisture or excessive dryness of the skin can lead to small cracks through which the virus may gain access.

Treatment Options

Three options are available each of which has its own particular benefits and drawbacks. You should weigh these factors carefully, in order to find the one which is best for your situation and/or pocket.

1. Use of an over the counter product containing salicylic acid may be of benefit. Some products contain an extremely small percentage of the acid and naturally in such cases it would take even longer. Product effectiveness varies from person to person. You must read and follow instructions on the package, and be willing to use the products for the specified time. This is a concern for people who have busy lifestyles; but they must ensure that they are willing to take the tine to use the product regularly. A note of warning – it is important that application of these products is confined to the affected area only as it may lead to damage of healthy skin. Diabetics should not use these products.
2. A minor procedure can be done using with a scalpel to remove it. In some instances the procedure may require either general or local anesthesia. Some people have severe fears regarding procedures of this nature. Something to consider is that this method could be costly and there are no guarantees that the warts will not return.
3. Cryosurgery, which is freezing of the wart, is another method. In most instances liquid nitrogen is used. The procedure kills the cells of the wart via freezing. This method is sometimes preferred because it is not invasive surgery. However, caution must be taken in doing it to ensure that healthy skin cells are not damaged. This procedure could also be expensive and is NOT the preferred choice by foot care specialists.

It is recommended that initially you seek advice from a chiropodist/podiatrist/foot health practitioner. Together you can assess the pros and cons of the available methods and then make an informed decision on the preferred option.

Your feet mirror your general health . . . cherish them!

Treatment and Removal of Plantar Warts

School-age kids can come home with some pretty gross stuff like body odor and head lice, but in my book none of these make my stomach twist and turn as much as plantar warts. They are ugly, persistent and hurtful little buggers. If you haven’t dealt with them before then this article will attempt to arm you with what lies ahead from a parent’s perspective. After 2 of my 3 kids had them—one of them twice—we picked up some good tips for plantar wart home remedies and prevention.

What are Plantar Warts?

Children with plantar warts will tell you that every step feels like they are walking on a small stone. I feel bad remembering the first time my daughter developed one of these. I didn’t know about plantar warts at the time and assumed it was just like any other wart. I initially didn’t even worry too much when she complained—she has a very low pain tolerance and I assumed it was more of a nuisance than anything else. It wasn’t until the complaints persisted that I realized something else was going on and I began sleuthing. I quickly learned that plantar warts are MUCH more painful that regular warts.

Plantar warts are flat pea-sized warts that show up on the bottom of your kid’s feet. They have a surface appearance of cauliflower and can sprout black thread-like veins in the middle. To make things worse, they are both contagious and painful. Plantar warts are fairly common and affect 10-20% of school-age kids.

How Do You Get Plantar Warts?

Plantar Warts are caused by a virus that can be transferred by surface connection. The virus needs a way to get into the skin, which can be cuts, scrapes, dry cracks or skin that is wet and softened after a long swim or bath. Kids who spend a lot of time barefoot (which we encourage for healthy foot development) can contract them from playground surfaces that were used by other children carrying the virus on their feet. I believe my kids picked them up at the local pool swim deck or locker room since theirs both appeared a few weeks after swim lessons started. Adults can get them, too, although kids are more susceptible as they have less built-up immunities. Also, anyone with weakened immune systems are more susceptible.

How Do You Get Rid of Plantar Warts?

According to medical experts, plantar warts can go away on their own after 1-2 years, but I have yet to meet a parent who made it that long without seeking a faster remedy. Fortunately, there are many plantar wart home remedies you can try. Of course, you should always consult with your doctor first to make sure it isn’t something other than a wart and to rule out other concerns about your child’s health that could be causing the growth.   Also, many of the following solutions should NOT be used by anyone with weakened immune systems, diabetes or other serious health conditions without seeking a doctors advice.

 1. Freeze it off (Cryotherapy)

This is the method my family found to be the best and most effective. While doctors may offer to do it professionally, you can also purchase over-the-counter products to do it yourself at home like we did. Check out Compound W Freeze Off or Dr. Scholl’s Freeze Away, which come with topical applicators and simple instructions (we found it best to apply after a scrubbing bath, as described below). This freeze method will take anywhere from 1–5 applications over 1–2 weeks to completely kill the wart. This is a relatively fast process compared to other treatments, although your child may find the cold sensation to be a little painful.

2. Chemical Peel

Again, you can have this done by a doctor or you can do it at home with over-the-counter products like Compound W, which sells a variety of salicylic acid peeling products for treating the warts. This is almost the same as the freeze method above, but has the advantage of being less traumatizing to apply to your child’s foot since it is not cold. The downside is that it takes longer to fully remove the wart—between 3-6 weeks.

3. Other Chemical Cauterization

Other topical wart treatments include the use of zinc, silver nitrate or cantharidin (derived from Blister Beetles) applied as an ointment.  One suggested natural remedy uses a “smoke box” with smoke from burnt medicinal leaves like populus euphratica. These treatments are sometimes offered in your practitioner’s office or can be done at home. They are generally acknowledged as being less successful as cryotherapy or salicylic acid, but may be considered a less invasive and more natural first approach to treatment.

4. Duct Tape

I felt I should include this home remedy for plantar warts since it is all over the internet and purportedly works for some, but it had zero, zilch, nada effect at our house despite valiant attempts by my 4^th grader. Basically, you cover the wart with silver duct tape for 5-6 days, then do the soak/scrape method described below. Let the foot rest for 12 hours, reapply the duct tape and repeat the process. Personally, I don’t understand why creating a non-breathable, sweaty environment for the wart would work and it seemed more like wishing it to go away. Other people seem to think it works, though.

5. Surgical Procedures

More intense options include electrical cauterizing or laser treatment by a doctor. Your pediatrician may refer you to a podiatrist with better access to specialized equipment for the process. Local anesthesia is usually employed. For obvious reasons, this is usually considered a more extreme last resort.

Except for surgical removal, most of the above approaches will require a little time and patience for the virus to die and for the skin to slough off. A few days after starting the treatment, I found giving my children long, hot baths would speed the removal process by softening the dying skin on the wart. While in the tub, gently rub the wart with a pumice stone or emery board, but be warned that this may be painful for the child. I found it better to let my kids scrub it themselves. I purchased a pack of small disposable pumice-like scrubbers and a box of disposable gloves to use when treating the wart so I would not spread the virus further. Kids will naturally start picking at the wart in the tub with their fingernails, but this is strongly discouraged as it may cause more contamination. Make sure they wash their hand and fingernails carefully if they touch it, or try to get them to wear sanitary gloves! Reapplication of the cyrotherapy or salicylic acid method is generally most effective on a completely dry foot after a bath/scrub session.

What a plantar wart looks like when it comes out:

After a few weeks of therapy, the wart will be dead – dry and calloused looking-  and the whole thing will come out in the bath with some gentle rubbing like a button. Be prepared: there will be a deep hole in the bottom of your child’s foot where the wart comes out and it looks really freaky! It might even make you gag (a lot). Stay calm, though, even though the hole looks painful, it usually is not as what you are seeing is clean, new skin that has grown around the dead virus.  Within a few days the foot should completely heal and the hole will have faded to a distant, unsettling memory.

How to Prevent Plantar Warts

Follow these tips to reduce the risk of plantar warts for your child:

• Make sure your kids understand that touching the warts with their hands can spread them.
• If they do touch a planter wart, immediately wash their hands carefully with soap and water.
• Use disposable emery boards or other scrubbers when sloughing off the wart so you can throw it away when done and reduce the risk of further contamination.
• Keep your kids’ feet clean and dry with fresh socks and alternating pairs of shoes. Breathable shoes, which are always important for foot health and to reduce foot odor, are especially effective in this case.
• Get your child shoes or sandals that can be worn in public showers or around swimming pools.
• Beware of potentially infectious environments. In our case, I talked to the local pool director when I realized the plantar warts returned the next year at the same time swimming season started. It turned out my family wasn’t the only one! Pool deck and locker room cleaning processes were improved at our pool and she recently informed me that reported incidences have evaporated.

With these easy precautions and a little luck, you may never encounter plantar warts in your family. If they do appear, however, then I hope these tips will save you a little time and detective work for finding a solution.

We hope your kids’ feet stay happy all year long!

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Best fisheye photography techniques you should know about in 2021 – Splento Blog

Also known as a superwide or ultrawide lens, the fisheye lens is a camera component designed to shoot wide angles, usually up to 180 degrees. With its round and convex design, the fisheye lens produces a distorted image, creating abstract photographs as if we were looking at something through the eye of a fish.

The fisheye lens is useful for a number of photographic styles. The distorted nature of the images created makes the lens great for extremely wide angle, such as catching a stadium or a crowd. You can also create the impression that you’re looking at someone through a peephole, or create a drunk effect on the image. With enough creativity, there’s plenty that the unique image created by the fisheye lens can do for your photography.

But where do you begin? Read on as we explore different ideas and tips for creative fisheye photography.

Decide what you want from your lens

There are two important lens effects to note when it comes to fisheye photography. The circular fisheye effect creates a barrel-like distortion and vignetting occurs around the edges of the image which places the scene inside a black circle. You can achieve this effect at a focal length of 8mm with a full-frame camera. It’s important to know, however, that if you plan on shooting with an APS-C camera, you won’t be able to achieve this effect as your 35mm film equivalent focal length would be 13mm, even when shot at 8mm.

The other effect is called the diagonal fisheye effect. Also known as the full-frame fisheye effect, this effect captures the whole shot still in the heavily distorted view of the fisheye lens. You can achieve this effect by shooting at a focal length of 15mm on a full-frame camera, or a focal length of 10mm on an APS-C camera.

Shoot at a 1:1 aspect ratio

Where possible, try shooting at a 1:1 aspect ratio to minimise wasted space. The resolution of the image tends to be the same as if you weren’t since the distorted effect of the lens usually means you’ll only be focusing on the middle of the scene anyway.

Get up close

The fisheye lens offers a huge field of view compared to other lenses. By getting up close to your target, the perspective of them will become increasingly distorted, exaggerating their appearance. Alternatively, to have more objects appear more normal but on a warped horizon, get your distance from your subjects instead.

Shoot low to the ground

The massive angle also means you can get low to the ground. Not only does this capture a whole new perspective, but it distorts your subject in a whole different way. If you photographed a building closeup from this angle using a fisheye lens, the building would reach out in the middle and close back up towards the top of the shot, creating another massively exaggerated view.

Watch your body

Since a fisheye lens can capture photos at 180 degrees, it can capture things a regular lens usually wouldn’t. 180 degrees means the image will capture what is directly below the camera as well as what is in front of it. Keep an eye on where your legs and feet are positioned, or you might accidentally capture them in the shot. This might be something that takes a while to get used to, but simply check your shot before you snap and with enough practice, you’ll eventually get into the habit of standing back.

Keep your subject in the middle of the shot

As previously mentioned, the design of the fisheye lens means that the closer to the edges of the shot something is, the more distorted it appears. The middle of the lens is the least affected by this distortion, so whatever is central in the shot will appear less distorted than the rest of the photograph. Keep the subject of your image in the centre of your shot to keep their image as clear as possible, while the rest of the image warps around them. Since the attention is naturally drawn to the focus of the picture, the rest of the image will seem even more distorted as you look at it.

Be wary of the background

The background of your shot can be carefully chosen and manipulated when using a lens with a shallow field of view. Unfortunately, the same is not the case with a fisheye lens. Due to the huge field of view, a fisheye lens is going to pick up everything around you, so choose your background carefully or you might find out you caught something which ruins the shot.

Experiment with story

As is usually the case with photography, you can tell a lot of story in a single shot. Try out different things, shoot different subjects, try different themes. The warped perspective a convex lens produces is evocative of several other things. Of course, you can shoot something from a body of water to create the illusion that the picture is actually seen through the eye of a fish. Peepholes in doors also feature convex lenses so that the user can see as much of the scene as possible – maybe try to experiment with this and see what you can come up with.

Play with post-production

Of course, fisheye photography is just like any other style of photography and post-production should be involved. But instead of just correcting light and colours or removing unwanted objects, try to play with the vignette created by circular fisheye photos. Change the black vignette to a colour that contrasts or matches the scene, or use the content-aware fill tool provided by Adobe Photoshop. You could even play with the idea of covering your vignette. Maybe place the image of a camera shutter over the image to create the illusion that the picture is still being taken. Keep a copy of your original photograph and go wild with creativity – this is always key to finding new things that turn your image into a winning shot.

Knowing exactly how to make the most of your fisheye lens is key to taking a winning shot. With so much to manipulate and utilise, don’t be surprised if you find yourself experimenting nonstop with different angles, shots and editing techniques.

There are quite a few differences when comparing the ultra-wide perspective fisheye lenses offer compared to portrait shots, so make sure to keep practising and eventually you’ll find your abstract photos are better than ever.

Interested in grabbing some professional photos of yourself? Splento offers quality photography at an affordable price, edited and delivered in 24 hours. Contact us for more information today.

Fisheye or a special look at the photo

Lenses are divided according to the angle of view. Moreover, each type of optics can be divided into more precise categories. Wide-angle optics can be divided into ultra-wide-angle and fisheye (fisheye). When developing wide-angle optics, developers try to correct all distortions as much as possible. In the case of the fish eye, everything is different. These lenses have the most distortion.

How can a photographer use fisheye lens distortion?

In real life, the lines of buildings are straight.The wide-angle lens did its best to make them look like that in the photograph and he succeeded. The fisheye did not overwork too much and bent all the lines as it suits him best. Such is his design. The center of the fisheye frame keeps the lines straight. They are rounded only to the edge of the image.

Fisheye is great for artistic photography. It is often used in architecture and landscape photography. Shooting people with these optics is a bit comical. Faces and body proportions are severely distorted.

If your goal is to capture maximum realism in your photograph, then the fisheye is not for you. Nowadays, virtual reality systems are becoming more widespread and a fisheye lens can be useful for shooting spherical panoramas. Creating curved lines at the edge of the frame is the price to pay for a very wide viewing angle. Fisheye can accommodate the image almost 180 degrees from all sides.

Fishai are different.There are optics that provide a viewing angle of 180 gaduses diagonally. Some lenses create a circular image that allows for a 180-degree view in all directions, but these lenses are rarely seen as they produce very unusual circular images on a rectangular sensor. This makes the corners black.

If you have a camera with an APS-C sensor, then you need to take a fisheye for this particular sensor format. If you use optics from a full-frame camera, then due to the crop factor, all the charm of a wide viewing angle will be lost.Fisheye lenses allow you to create images with very unusual geometry. Plain squares are distorted, and buildings, pillars and trees twist intricately. By changing the angle of the camera, you can get completely new types of familiar places.

Conventional wide-angle lenses create flat horizons and verticals. These pictures look very familiar.

Don’t assume that buying a fish eye will allow you to experiment endlessly.In fact, the functionality of such optics is limited. It will make all of your frames look the same. Even if you change the scene, they will all be similar to each other, so this kind of shooting should be done in doses and create really interesting scenes.

90,000 what is fisheye for, what is it and how is it appropriate for a camera?

Photo equipment is offered in different modifications, and the availability of a high-quality lens directly affects the shooting result.Thanks to optics, you can get a clear and bright image Fisheye lenses are often used by professional photographers and can take unique pictures. There are several varieties of such optics, the technical characteristics of which are slightly different. To choose the right lens like this, you need to familiarize yourself with its features in advance.

What is it and what is it for?

The fisheye lens is a short throw lens that has a natural distortion of .In the photograph, straight lines are highly distorted, which is the main distinguishing feature of this element. To increase the viewing angle, manufacturers can install three negative menisci. This scheme is used in cameras of different manufacturers: both domestic and foreign.

Ultra wide-angle formats can accommodate more information, which is unrealistic in the case of standard optics. Also the fisheye is suitable for shooting in a small room to create a wide shot. This allows you to push the limits of the photographer and get stunning panoramic shots even at close range.

This equipment is often used in applied photography, allowing the photographer to show creative ideas.

With the fish-eye effect, you can make an original image if you set up the hardware correctly. However, due to the use of such optics, the perspective is very distorted. Vignetting may appear in some images, lighting may change. This often occurs for technical reasons, but professional photographers can use this technique for artistic effect. The downside is the large diameter of the optics, which causes some inconvenience.

The fisheye depth of field is large, so every subject in the shot will be in focus, which means you can create a shot with an interesting scene.This should be taken into account if the objects in the foreground need to be selected, and the background should be blurred.

Varieties

There are two types of such optics: diagonal and circular.

Circular optics have a field of view that is 180 degrees in any direction.The frame will not be completely filled with the image; a black frame will form on the sides. These lenses are rarely used unless the photographer has a special idea to get vignetting.

As for the diagonal lens, it covers the same angle of view, but only diagonally. The vertical and horizontal are less than 180 degrees. The frame is rendered as a rectangle with no black edges. These lenses are considered to be more practical, and photographers use them when shooting nature, interiors and architecture.

Circular fisheye is mounted on film and digital cameras with 35mm sensor. True lenses that do this are lenses that capture the full 180 degrees at their widest locations.Some manufacturers have optics models with coverage up to 220 degrees.

However, it should be noted that such lenses are heavy and large, therefore they are rarely used and only by professional photographers.

If we talk about a model of similar optics, then we can mention the Canon EF-S. It has a built-in stabilizer, and the focus is automatic and does not make noise.The lens’s sharpness is excellent, even when shooting moving subjects or in conditions where there is not enough light.

A focal length of 16 mm is available in the manual Zenit Zenitar C . Samyang 14mm – is a manual lens. The convex lens is protected from mechanical damage and glare. The special UMC coating suppresses flare ghosting. Sharpness is adjusted manually, as there is no automation in this model.

Selection tips

There are a number of factors to consider when choosing a lens for your camera.

Immediately it is worth paying attention to the compatibility of the lens with the size of the camera sensor. On full-frame devices, you cannot use the lens without cropping the picture.

The type of optics plays an important role, so first you need to decide what effect you want to get when shooting.

Viewing angle is the main characteristic. The wider it is, the less time and frames it will take to create a panoramic shot.It is recommended that you read the instructions for the lens to see if it is suitable for the camera you are using.

Instructions for use

For original shooting of celestial objects , you can compose with the horizon in the center. The use of an implicit line will be relevant when photographing landscapes. If the horizon is not clearly visible in a landscape shot, do not worry, as the bend will be hidden by hills or mountains.

It is not always necessary to start from the horizon line . The camera can also be pointed downward, focusing on a beautiful corner of nature. Complete freedom of creativity manifests itself in foggy weather, when distant plans are not visible at all. In such cases, you don’t have to worry about the curved line by shooting in any direction. When shooting curved tree trunks, you don’t have to try to straighten them; they can be used to frame the landscape.

A safe use of fisheye is close-up of a beautiful foreground. The small minimum distance that such optics have allows for macro photography. It is convenient to photograph spherical panoramas with a wide viewing angle. This is suitable for nature and architecture photography. As for 90,035 portrait shots, they will come out rather comic, but you can experiment.

Professionals consider the fisheye lens to be the best underwater lens. It is in such conditions that the distortion becomes less noticeable, since the process takes place in the water column, where there is no straight line and horizon.

It is not necessary to shoot at a long distance, so the frame will be inexpressive. It is better to get close to the object so that the picture is formed as our eye sees it.

Now let’s look at the correct sighting technique.

1. The first step is to press down on the viewfinder to see the full frame.
2. Make sure that the subject is close, and you do not need to take the camera away from your face to see the desired picture.
3. It is important to view the entire frame diagonally so that it is completely filled. A common mistake photographers make is not paying attention to the periphery of the image. Therefore, it is extremely important to inspect everything so that there is nothing extraneous in the frame.

Below is a video review of the Zenitar 3 lens.5 / 8mm fixed focal length fisheye.

Fisheye (lens) – Blog About Photo

Fish-eye, fish-eye (transcription from the English fish-eye) is an ultra-wide-angle lens with a viewing angle of about 180 degrees or more.

Not all types of fisheye lenses have a 180 degree field of view. When shooting a landscape at 180 degrees, the image will be a circular image, but the photo itself looks normal and is a rectangle. There are two ways to eliminate this effect and three types of fisheye lenses.

Circular – in the resulting photo, the image does not occupy its entire area, but only an inscribed circle. Has a viewing angle of 180 degrees in all directions.With this type of lens, you can shoot a frame that will depict the entire sky. Examples of circular fish:
SIGMA AF 8 mm f / 3.5 EX DG FISH-EYE
MC Bearing 8 mm 1: 3.5
Tokina AT-X 107 DX
Nikon 8 mm F / 2.8
Sigma 4.5mm F2.8 EX DC Circular Fisheye HSM – for digital cameras with a full-frame sensor.

Diagonal (or “full-frame”) – the resulting photo is entirely occupied by the image, although the angle of view of 180 degrees is only diagonally.The circle, which gives a circular type lens, does not depict this lens in the frame, but fits it into the circular image.

Examples of lenses of this type:
Canon EF 15 mm F / 2.8 Fish-eye,
MS Zenitar-M

With an image circle of more than 180 degrees – usually also have a circular image and the angle of view can be 220 degrees, as from the Fisheye-Nikkor 6mm f / 2.8s, weighing 5.2 kg.


Geometric distortion

When the viewing angle is too wide, strong perspective distortions appear: the background appears farther than it actually is.In addition, the magnification may not be sufficient and the illumination falls off dramatically at the edge.

To compensate for these shortcomings, a negative distortion (“barrel”) is introduced into the lens during its development. Then the magnification in the center becomes larger, and in this area the lens acts as a less wide-angle lens. Only distortion allows you to bring the angle of view to 180 degrees and more. Nevertheless, such compensation introduces its own perspective distortions – bulging of the center, and also leads to distortions in the shape of objects: straight lines are depicted as curves.

Blends

Fisheye blends are small (for diagonal) or none at all (for circular). It is not possible to increase the size of the hood, as the hood will be included in the frame. They are usually built into the lens.

Zoom lenses are an exception. It is assumed that when shooting with such a lens at a short focus (that is, in the fisheye position) the hood will be removed, and for shooting at a long focus (when the lens no longer has such a wide angle of view and becomes wide-angle) the hood can be used.

An example of such a lens: Pentax SMC Fish Eye DA 10-17mm f / 3.5-4.5 ED (IF).

Light Filters

For the same reason as with hoods, traditional filters cannot be installed on fisheye lenses. Gelatin filters are installed not in front of the first lens glass, but behind the last one, which complicates their operational change and makes it impossible to rotate them (which is necessary for gradient and polarizing filters).Many fishies have built-in rotary filter systems with the usual set of yellow, orange and red filters.

Focusing and DOF

The depth of field of the fish is such that even with a relatively small aperture of 5.6, the DOF will enter a space from 40-100 cm to infinity. In other words, in most cases, a lens set to infinity does not need autofocus or manual focus.

Other Features

Fisheye shots can easily get caught by the hand of the photographer, for example, by holding the focusing ring of the lens, the photographer’s feet or the tripod base.

If the center of the frame falls below the horizon line, the horizon in the picture is a line convex upward. In the opposite case (the center of the frame is above the horizon) – a line convex downward. If the center of the frame exactly coincides with the horizon line, then the horizon in the frame is straight.

When using a circular fisheye on a smaller format, it turns into a diagonal one (Bearing on 4/3 cameras, for example), or the circle becomes partially cropped (Bearing on an APS-C sensor).

In 2007, the first circular fisheye for cameras with an APS-C sensor appeared on the market – the Sigma 4.5mm EX DC Circular Fisheye HSM. When used on the respective cameras, the image circle is not cropped.

History

The use of a fisheye lens is most often reflected in extreme outdoor sports photography (skateboarding, BMX, etc.).

We can say that it is the “main” lens in such shooting, allowing you to capture from a short distance both the “rider” himself and the architecture used when performing tricks.

Famous photographers and their works
Borodulin, Lev Abramovich – the first photographer in the USSR to use a fisheye lens.

How to make a fisheye effect in Photoshop

We are glad to welcome you to our next Photoshop tutorial, which is entirely devoted to the “Fisheye” effect. Often this effect is pre-installed in new generation cameras, but we will figure out how to apply this effect to the most ordinary image.

Creating a Fisheye Effect

To work we need some image. We decided to take a photo of the main street in New York – Times Square.

Deforming the image

To create the fish-eye effect, you need to perform just a few simple steps.

1. To begin with, after opening the photo in the program, make a duplicate of the layer using the hotkey combination CTRL + J or simply drag the layer onto the “Create a new layer” button.
2. After that, you need to call “Free transformation”. To do this, go to the “Edit” menu and select the appropriate tool, or use the hotkey combination CTRL + T.
   After calling the tool, frames with markers will appear around the image, thanks to which you can transform the image by dragging any of them.
3. Next, right-click on the canvas with the copy and select “Warp” from the drop-down list.
4. A panel with settings will open under the main horizontal menu, where you need to select the preset effect “Fisheye” instead of “Custom” in the “Deformation” item.

After applying the fish eye, you will immediately notice that the image has become convex in the center where the anchor point appeared.

You can change the distortion by moving this anchor point vertically.

Our effect is almost ready, but something is clearly missing. We need to make the effect in the center of the image more pronounced.

Add a gradient

1. Now create a new Color Adjustment Layer for the copy layer.
   Then a window with color settings will automatically appear, where we need to select black.
2. Next, you need to click on the mask of the adjustment layer:
3. And then select the “Gradient” in the toolbar.
   In the upper settings panel, select among the gradient types – the first in the list, and the type – “Radial”.
4. After, left-click on the center of the canvas and drag in the direction of the desired corner (we will drag to the bottom right):
5. After the done actions, move the opacity slider to 20-35% at our discretion.We’ll use 35%:

This is our prefinal version of the photo with the Fisheye effect:

The final touch – toning the photo

This has nothing to do with the effect of today’s lesson. Rather, it is a nice addition to beautify our final image.

1. To do this, create an adjustment layer again, but select in the drop-down list “Curves” .
2. A tab with properties will automatically open in front of us.Where to select the “blue” channel. Then you need to set two points on the curve and bend it:
3. Then you need to move the vignette layer above the curve layer.

And now we can say that this is the final version:

As you can see, making the Fisheye effect in Photoshop is not such a difficult task, and thanks to this tutorial, you can easily apply it in the future.

If you have any questions, write about it in the comments. See you in the next lessons!

The Wonderful World of Fisheye Lens

Fisheye lenses have a very short focal length, giving them an extremely wide field of view.This means that the image becomes wider than actually possible. The edges of the image are distorted, making the photo spherical. Everything that is close becomes very large in the frame, and everything in the distance becomes extremely small.

These lenses have a focal length of less than 12 mm. The smallest focal length for them is 7.5 mm. They are available for both DSLR and mirrorless cameras. In addition, there is also a selection of dedicated fisheye for smartphones.

Distortion can often be annoying.But this is not necessary at all – when used correctly, a fisheye lens can be visually pleasing and even preferable to a regular wide-angle lens. Try using distorted lines and curves to bring the viewer’s gaze to the right place in the image.

In this classic shot of Hong Kong, slightly distorted buildings blend well with the curving shapes of the roads below.

The name fisheye comes from the wide fisheye perspective that these lenses produce.Fisheye lenses were originally developed for use in meteorology to study the sky and cloud formations due to their ability to capture the entire sky in a spherical image. Such a lens can give images more artistry, drama or humor, and they also have a great depth of field.

There are two main types of fisheye: circular and full frame fisheye, which give different results.

Circular Fisheye

This model typically captures 180 degrees or more, which is projected as a circle within the picture frame.The image is highly distorted, and this will be more noticeable depending on how close the objects are to the lens and where they are in the frame.

Gray line = image circle, red line = image frame

Full frame fisheye

This lens type creates an enlarged image circle that encompasses the entire frame. Because of this, the angle created by the lens is only 180 degrees when measured from corner to corner.This type of fisheye is most commonly used by photographers.

Gray line = image circle, red line = image frame

Fisheye lenses can sometimes be used as ultra wide angle lenses. If the landscape you shoot has no straight lines (no buildings, trees, telephone poles, etc.), you may be able to position the lens so that it works like a wide-angle lens. Just make sure the horizon line is in the middle, then it will be as close to a straight line as possible.This will allow you to get an almost 180-degree view of the scene while avoiding distorted views.

When using fashay, the following should be noted: the further you move the object or line to the edge of the frame, the more it is distorted. Given the above behavior of the horizon line in this case, try to exaggerate the distortion and place the horizon dangerously close to the top of the frame. Just be careful, you can accidentally grab your legs at the bottom of the frame.

Since fisheye tends to bend straight lines, if you are photographing circular shapes, the bend may become less noticeable.Check it out on pipes, round stairs, intersections, etc.

You can also get an interesting line effect if you point the fisheye all or part of the way up (leaving the ground in the frame)

Try taking extreme wide-angle selfies or portraits as well. The main condition in this case: do not place the subject too close to the edge, otherwise there will be too much distortion.

Conclusion

Fisheye is a fixed focal length lens, which means you cannot adjust it.Thus, if necessary, you can act as a zoom for the lens. Be sure to change your perspective and experiment with different angles and lines. Get low to the ground, even if that means lying on your stomach in the gravel of the train track. Lean against a wall and use lens distortion to wrap the wall around the frame.

You will be amazed at how many interesting things you see on your camera screen compared to what you see with your eyes.Have fun!

Fisheye effect on photo

Fisheye – A bulge effect in the center of the image. It is achieved by using special lenses or manipulations in photo editors, in our case, in Photoshop. It is also worth noting that some modern action cameras create this effect without any additional steps.

Fisheye Effect

First, let’s select the source image for the lesson. Today we will work with a snapshot of one of the Tokyo districts.

Image distortion

The fish-eye effect is created in just a few steps.

1. Open the source in the editor and create a copy of the background with the keyboard shortcut CTRL + J .

Then call the tool called Free Transform . This can be done with the shortcut keys CTRL + T , after which a frame with markers for transformation will appear on the layer (copy).

Right-click on the canvas and select the function “Deformation” .

On the upper settings panel, look for a drop-down list with presets and select one of them called Fisheye .

After pressing, we will see this, already distorted, frame with a single central point. By moving this point in the vertical plane, you can change the strength of the image distortion. If you are satisfied with the effect, then press the Enter key on the keyboard.

We could have stopped at this, but the best solution would be to emphasize the central part of the photo a little more and tint it.

Add vignette

1. Create a new adjustment layer in the palette called Color or, depending on the translation option, Fill with color .

After choosing an adjustment layer, a color adjustment window will open, we need black.

Go to the mask of the adjustment layer.

Select tool “Gradient” and adjust it.

On the top panel, select the very first gradient in the palette, type – “Radial” .

LMB click in the center of the canvas and, without releasing the mouse button, drag the gradient to any corner.

Reduce the Opacity of the Adjustment Layer to 25-30% .

As a result, we get the following vignette:

Toning

Toning is not a necessary step, but it will add more mystery to the picture.

Create a New Adjustment Layer Curves .

In the layer settings window (opens automatically) go to blue channel ,

put two points on the curve and bend it (curve), as in the screenshot.

Place the vignette layer above the curves layer.

The result of our activities today:

This effect looks great on panoramas and cityscapes. It can be used to simulate vintage photography.

Thank the author, share the article on social networks.

In this lesson, Alexey Kuzmichev will tell you how to create a Fish-eye effect on a photo. Its essence lies in the distortion of perspective in a photograph.The photo curls around the edges and takes on a spherical effect. In real life, this can be achieved using a fisheye lens.

First of all, create a copy of our layer – press the key combination Ctrl + J or simply drag the photo onto the icon for creating a new layer.

And in order to get the desired result, you need to perform only one action. Go to the menu “Editing -> Transform -> Deformation” (Edit -> Transform -> Warp).

On the top panel of the tool settings from the drop-down list, select the “Fisheye” item.

The image immediately takes on a fish eye effect.

With the help of a special point, we can change the deformation settings. By holding it down with the left mouse button and pulling it up or down, we can change the resulting effect – to make it stronger or weaken. We look at the result and when everything suits us, press Enter on the keyboard.

Our Fisheye Effect is ready.

Well, to make the photo more interesting, you can slightly process the result by toning and adding a vignette. Add a new Curves adjustment layer to the photo.

Switch to the blue channel and tint the photo a little.

Now we make a vignette. To do this, create a copy of all layers by holding down the keyboard shortcut Ctrl + Shit + Alt + E.

Go to the menu item “Filter -> Lens Correction” (Filter -> Lens Correction) or press the key combination Shift + Ctrl + R.

In the window that opens, go to the “Custom” tab and change two sliders in the “Vignette” setting. Click “Ok”.

We get the finished version. Looks stylish and interesting.

Most often Fish-Eye is reflected in the filming of extreme outdoor sports (parkour, skateboarding, BMX, etc.). We can say that it is the “main” lens in such shooting, allowing you to capture from a short distance both the “rider” himself and the architecture used when performing tricks.Also, the use of a lens is very common in shooting spherical panoramas, since it allows you to get the full scope of the panorama with a minimum number of frames.

We are glad to welcome you to our next Photoshop tutorial, which is entirely devoted to the “Fisheye” effect. Often this effect is pre-installed in new generation cameras, but we will figure out how to apply this effect to the most ordinary image.

Create a Fisheye Effect

For work we need some image.We decided to take a photo of the main street in New York – Times Square.

Deforming the image

Just a few simple steps are required to create the fish-eye effect.

1. First, after opening the photo in the program, make a duplicate of the layer using the hotkey combination CTRL + J or simply drag the layer onto the “Create a new layer” button.
2. After that, you need to call “Free transformation”.To do this, go to the “Edit” menu and select the appropriate tool, or use the hotkey combination CTRL + T.
   After calling the tool, frames with markers will appear around the image, thanks to which you can transform the image by dragging any of them.
3. Next, right-click on the canvas with the copy and select “Warp” in the drop-down list.
4. A panel with settings will open under the main horizontal menu, where you need to select the preset effect “Fisheye” instead of “Custom” in the “Deformation” item.

After applying the fish eye, you will immediately notice that the image has become convex in the center where the anchor point appeared.

By moving this anchor point vertically, you can change the distortion.

Our effect is almost complete, but something is clearly missing. We need to make the effect in the center of the image more pronounced.

Add a gradient

1. Now let’s create a new “Color” adjustment layer for the copy layer.
   Then a window with color settings will automatically appear, where we need to select black.
2. Next, you need to click on the mask of the adjustment layer:
3. And then select from the toolbar “Gradient”.
   In the upper settings panel, select among the gradient types – the first in the list, and the type – “Radial”.
4. After, left-click on the center of the canvas and drag towards the desired corner (we will pull to the bottom right):
5. After the done actions, move the opacity slider to the 20-35% mark at our discretion.We will expose 35%:

This is our prefinal version of the photo with the Fisheye effect applied:

The final touch – toning the photo

This has nothing to do with the very effect of today’s lesson. Rather, it is a nice addition to beautify our final image.

1. To do this, create an adjustment layer again, but select Curves from the drop-down list.
2. A tab with properties will automatically open in front of us.Where to select the “blue” channel. Then you need to set two points on the curve and bend it:
3. Then move the vignette layer on top of the curves layer.

And now we can say that this is the final version:

As you can see, making the Fisheye effect in Photoshop is not such a difficult task, and thanks to this tutorial, you can easily apply it later.

If you have any questions, write about it in the comments. See you in the next lessons!

Effect Fish-eye in Photoshop (Fish-eye)

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22.04.2012 | Author: Alexey Kuzmichev | Views: 84679 | video + text

In this lesson, Alexey Kuzmichev will tell you how to create a Fish-eye effect on a photo. Its essence lies in the distortion of perspective in a photograph. The photo curls around the edges and takes on a spherical effect. In real life, this can be achieved using a fisheye lens.

First of all, create a copy of our layer – press the key combination Ctrl + J or simply drag the photo onto the icon for creating a new layer.

And in order to get the desired result, you need to perform only one action. Go to the menu “Editing -> Transform -> Deformation” (Edit -> Transform -> Warp).

On the top panel of the tool settings from the drop-down list, select the “Fisheye” item.

The image immediately takes on a fish eye effect.

With the help of a special point, we can change the deformation settings.Holding it down with the left mouse button and pulling it up or down, we can change the resulting effect – to make it stronger or weaken. We look at the result and when everything suits us, press Enter on the keyboard.

Our Fisheye Effect is ready.

Well, to make the photo more interesting, you can slightly process the result by toning and adding a vignette. Add a new Curves adjustment layer to the photo.

Switch to the blue channel and tint the photo a little.

Now we make a vignette. To do this, create a copy of all layers by holding down the keyboard shortcut Ctrl + Shit + Alt + E.

Go to the menu item “Filter -> Lens Correction” (Filter -> Lens Correction) or press the key combination Shift + Ctrl + R.

In the window that opens, go to the “Custom” tab and change two sliders in the “Vignette” setting. Click “Ok”.

We get the finished version.Looks stylish and interesting.

Most often Fish-Eye is reflected in the filming of extreme outdoor sports (parkour, skateboarding, BMX, etc.). We can say that it is the “main” lens in such shooting, allowing you to capture from a short distance both the “rider” himself and the architecture used when performing tricks. Also, the use of a lens is very common in shooting spherical panoramas, since it allows you to get the full scope of the panorama with a minimum number of frames.

Video Tutorial:

Source: https://psdmaster.ru

Learn how to download a video tutorial from the site

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