What are the common causes of rectal pain. How can you treat rectal pain at home. When should you consult a doctor for rectal pain. What are the symptoms associated with different types of rectal discomfort. How is rectal pain diagnosed and treated professionally.

Understanding Rectal Pain: A Comprehensive Overview

Rectal pain is a common yet often uncomfortable condition that can significantly impact daily life. It’s crucial to understand that the rectum, which begins at the lower part of the large intestine and ends at the anus, can be affected by various factors, leading to discomfort or pain. This pain may manifest during specific activities such as sitting, walking, or during bowel movements. Additionally, individuals might experience accompanying symptoms like constipation, rectal bleeding, or pressure in the pelvic area.

Given the multitude of potential causes, it’s essential to seek professional medical advice for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Let’s delve deeper into the various aspects of rectal pain, exploring its causes, home remedies, and when it’s time to consult a healthcare provider.

Common Causes of Rectal Pain Based on Timing

Rectal pain can occur at different times and during various activities. Understanding when the pain occurs can provide valuable insights into its potential cause.

Pain When Sitting

Are you experiencing discomfort while seated? This could be a sign of hemorrhoids, also known as piles. These are swollen and inflamed veins around the anus or in the lower rectum. External hemorrhoids, in particular, can cause rectal pain or ache when sitting. Other symptoms may include:

• Anal itching
• Hard, sensitive lumps around the anus
• Anal ache or pain

It’s worth noting that symptoms of external hemorrhoids typically resolve within a few days. However, when an internal hemorrhoid bulges out into the rectum, becoming a prolapsed hemorrhoid, it can cause rectal discomfort, pain, and pressure.

Pain When Walking

If you’re experiencing pain while walking, it could be due to a thrombosed external hemorrhoid. This condition occurs when a blood clot forms in an external hemorrhoid. Large, thrombosed external hemorrhoids can cause pain not only when walking but also when sitting or during bowel movements. You might notice an anal mass that appears suddenly and causes pain, which may worsen during the first 48 hours before gradually easing off over the following few days.

Pain When Urinating

Discomfort during urination, accompanied by rectal pain or pressure, could be indicative of prostatitis. This condition involves inflammation of the prostate gland, which is located below the bladder and in front of the rectum. Prostatitis can occur when the prostate becomes infected with bacteria from the urine or rectum. Other potential symptoms include:

• Throbbing sensations in the rectal area
• Frequent need to urinate
• Low urine output
• Burning or stinging sensation when urinating
• Pain in the pelvis or lower back
• Erectile dysfunction

Pain When Lying Down

Do you experience discomfort while resting? This could be a sign of Levator Syndrome (LS). LS is a condition that causes episodic pain in the rectum or bony structures at the base of the spine. While the exact cause remains unknown, it’s likely due to spasms of the levator muscles in the pelvic floor. These spasms can occur spontaneously or after a bowel movement, causing pain or a dull ache in the rectum, anus, or tailbone. Interestingly, sitting or lying down can exacerbate LS symptoms.

Pain at Night

Nocturnal rectal pain, particularly if it’s sudden and intense, could be due to Proctalgia Fugax (PF). This condition typically occurs at night and may even wake a person from sleep, although it can also happen during the day. PF is likely caused by spasms in the rectum or pelvic floor muscles and can last for several minutes at a time.

Other Potential Causes of Rectal Pain

Beyond the timing-specific causes, several other conditions can lead to rectal discomfort:

Pain When Coughing

Rectal prolapse, a condition where the rectum falls out of place and drops through the anus, can cause pressure and pain in the rectum or anus. This is particularly noticeable when straining, such as during coughing, sneezing, or heavy lifting. Other symptoms may include:

• Mucus in stool
• Bleeding from the rectum or anus
• Constipation
• Inability to control bowel movements

Pain During Ovulation

For some individuals, the ovulation phase of the menstrual cycle can bring uncomfortable or painful symptoms. In certain cases, severe pain can indicate an underlying health condition such as endometriosis. This condition involves the growth of tissue similar to the uterus lining in abnormal places, such as the bowels. When endometriosis affects the rectal area, it can cause pressure on the rectal wall, resulting in:

• Rectal pain
• Painful bowel movements
• Constipation
• Back pain

Effective Home Remedies for Rectal Pain Relief

While professional medical advice is crucial for persistent or severe rectal pain, several home remedies can provide relief for mild cases:

1. Sitz baths: Soaking the rectal area in warm water for 10-15 minutes, several times a day, can help reduce pain and inflammation.
2. Ice packs: Applying cold compresses to the affected area can numb pain and reduce swelling.
3. Over-the-counter pain relievers: Acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help manage pain and reduce inflammation.
4. Fiber-rich diet: Increasing fiber intake can soften stools and reduce straining during bowel movements, which can aggravate rectal pain.
5. Hydration: Drinking plenty of water helps prevent constipation and keeps stools soft.
6. Avoid straining: During bowel movements, avoid excessive straining which can worsen hemorrhoids or other rectal conditions.
7. Topical treatments: Over-the-counter creams or ointments containing hydrocortisone can help relieve itching and inflammation.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Rectal Pain

While many cases of rectal pain can be managed at home, certain situations warrant immediate medical attention. You should consult a healthcare professional if:

• The pain is severe or persistent
• You notice blood in your stool or on toilet paper after wiping
• You experience unexplained weight loss
• The pain is accompanied by fever or chills
• You have difficulty controlling your bowel movements
• The pain is affecting your daily activities or quality of life

Remember, early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and provide faster relief.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Rectal Pain

When you consult a healthcare provider for rectal pain, they will likely perform a thorough examination and may order additional tests to determine the underlying cause. The diagnostic process may include:

• Physical examination, including a digital rectal exam
• Anoscopy or proctoscopy to visually examine the anal canal and rectum
• Colonoscopy to check for any abnormalities in the colon
• Blood tests to check for infections or other systemic issues
• Imaging studies such as MRI or CT scan, if necessary

Treatment will depend on the underlying cause of the rectal pain. It may include:

• Medications to treat infections, reduce inflammation, or manage pain
• Dietary modifications to improve bowel habits
• Surgical procedures for conditions like severe hemorrhoids or rectal prolapse
• Pelvic floor therapy for conditions related to muscle spasms
• Lifestyle changes to prevent recurrence of the condition

Prevention Strategies for Rectal Discomfort

While not all causes of rectal pain can be prevented, certain lifestyle changes can reduce the risk of developing some common conditions:

• Maintain a high-fiber diet to promote regular, soft bowel movements
• Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day
• Exercise regularly to promote overall digestive health
• Avoid prolonged sitting, especially on hard surfaces
• Practice good hygiene, especially after bowel movements
• Manage stress through relaxation techniques or therapy
• Avoid straining during bowel movements
• Respond promptly to the urge to have a bowel movement

By implementing these strategies, you can potentially reduce your risk of developing conditions that lead to rectal pain. However, it’s important to remember that if you do experience persistent or concerning symptoms, seeking professional medical advice is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Understanding the Impact of Rectal Pain on Quality of Life

Rectal pain, while often considered a taboo subject, can significantly impact an individual’s quality of life. It can affect various aspects of daily living, including:

• Work productivity
• Social interactions
• Physical activities
• Sleep quality
• Mental health and emotional well-being

It’s crucial to address rectal pain promptly and effectively to minimize its impact on overall life quality. Don’t let embarrassment or discomfort prevent you from seeking the help you need. Healthcare professionals are trained to handle these issues with sensitivity and professionalism.

Remember, rectal pain is a common issue that affects many individuals. By understanding its causes, recognizing when to seek help, and taking proactive steps towards prevention and treatment, you can effectively manage this condition and maintain a healthy, comfortable lifestyle.

Causes, remedies, and when to contact a doctor

Rectal pain can result from injury, inflammation, or infections that affect the rectum or anus. Hemorrhoids, prostatitis, and endometriosis are among many possible causes. Treatment will depend on the cause.

The rectum is a part of the digestive system that begins at the lower part of the large intestine and ends at the anus.

People may experience rectal pain at particular times, such as when sitting, walking, or during bowel movements. Depending on the underlying cause of the pain, people may experience additional symptoms, such as constipation, rectal bleeding, or pressure in the pelvic area.

There are many possible causes of rectal pain, so it is important for people to contact a healthcare professional for a diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

This article lists some potential causes of rectal pain according to when the pain is likely to occur. We also list remedies for rectal pain and possible accompanying symptoms. Finally, we provide information on diagnosis and when to contact a doctor.

Below are some potential causes of rectal pain. In some cases, they may occur alongside the appearance of symptoms.

When sitting

Hemorrhoids, also called piles, are swollen and inflamed veins around the anus or in the lower rectum. They can be external or internal.

According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), external hemorrhoids can cause rectal pain or ache when sitting.

Other possible symptoms include:

• anal itching
• hard, sensitive lumps around the anus
• anal ache or pain

The NIDDK states that the symptoms of external hemorrhoids typically resolve within a few days.

When an internal hemorrhoid bulges out into the rectum, it becomes a prolapsed hemorrhoid. This is a common cause of rectal discomfort, pain, and pressure.

Internal hemorrhoids that have not prolapsed are usually not painful, but people may experience bleeding from the rectum.

When walking

A thrombosed external hemorrhoid is a blood clot that occurs in an external hemorrhoid.

According to the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons (ASCRS), large, thrombosed external hemorrhoids can cause pain when walking, when people sit, or during a bowel movement.

People may have an anal mass that appears suddenly and causes pain. According to the ASCRS, the pain may worsen during the first 48 hours but then ease off over the following few days. If the skin covering the blood clot opens, people may also experience bleeding.

When urinating

Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland. The prostate gland is located below the bladder and in front of the rectum. Its primary function is to make seminal fluid.

Prostatitis occurs when the prostate becomes infected with bacteria from the urine or rectum. The condition may cause pain when urinating, along with rectal pain or pressure.

Other possible symptoms of prostatitis include:

• throbbing sensations in the rectal area
• frequent need to urinate
• low urine output
• a burning or stinging sensation when urinating
• pain in the pelvis or lower back
• erectile dysfunction

When lying down

Levator syndrome (LS) is a condition that causes episodic pain in the rectum or bony structures at the base of the spine. Experts do not know the exact cause of LS. However, it is likely due to the spasm of the levator muscles in the pelvic floor. People may experience spasms for no clear reason or after having a bowel movement.

LS can cause pain or a dull ache in the rectum, anus, or tailbone. According to the ASCRS, sitting or lying down can worsen LS symptoms.

At night

Proctalgia fugax (PF) is sudden and intense pain in the rectum that can last for several minutes at a time. The condition typically occurs at night and may wake a person from sleeping. However, it can also happen during the day.

PF likely occurs as a result of spasms in the rectum or pelvic floor muscles.

When coughing

Rectal prolapse is the medical term for when the rectum falls out of place and drops through the anus. A person who has a rectal prolapse may feel a bulge from their anus when straining, such as when coughing, sneezing, or heavy lifting.

Rectal prolapse can cause pressure and pain in the rectum or anus. Other symptoms may include:

• mucus in stool
• bleeding from the rectum or anus
• constipation
• an inability to control bowel movements

During ovulation

Some people may experience uncomfortable or painful symptoms during the ovulation phase of their menstrual cycle. In certain cases, severe pain can be a sign of an underlying health condition, such as endometriosis.

Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to the uterus lining grows in abnormal places, such as the bowels. If endometriosis is present in the rectal area, it can cause pressure on the rectal wall, resulting in the following symptoms:

• rectal pain
• painful bowel movements
• constipation
• back pain

During a period

During menstruation, the body releases chemicals called prostaglandins. High levels of prostaglandins can cause the bowel wall to contract, causing pain, cramping, and diarrhea.

People with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may experience changes in their symptoms throughout the menstrual cycle, and these may correspond to natural hormone fluctuations. According to the Canadian Society of Intestinal Research, studies have found that people with IBS may experience an increase in rectal sensitivity during their period.

During pregnancy

A 2018 study assessed anal pain in 94 females in weeks 19–25 of pregnancy. Participants filled out a questionnaire reporting on anal symptoms throughout the following stages of pregnancy:

• the second and third trimester
• the postpartum period
• three months postpartum

According to the results, 68% of participants experienced anal symptoms, with anal pain being the most common. Other anal symptoms included:

• constipation
• an inability to control bowel movements
• hemorrhoidal complications
• anal fissures

Risk factors for anal symptoms included constipation and medical history of anal problems.

After a hysterectomy

A hysterectomy is a medical term for the removal of the uterus. In some cases, a hysterectomy can weaken the connective tissue between the rectum and the vagina. This can cause a rectocele, a type of prolapse in which the rectum pushes into the vagina.

People may experience symptoms of a rectocele in the rectum, vagina, or both. Symptoms may include:

• pressure in the pelvis
• pain in the abdomen or lower back
• a sensation of something falling down within the pelvis
• feeling a mass within the vagina
• vaginal bleeding that is not due to the menstrual cycle
• constipation
• difficulty having bowel movements
• bowels not feeling empty after a bowel movement
• in some cases, the inability to control a bowel movement

Standing up may worsen symptoms, whereas lying down may ease them.

Before or after a bowel movement

An anal fissure is a small tear in the lining of the anal canal, which is the end of the large intestine between the rectum and anus.

Anal fissures can cause sharp pain, which may begin with a bowel movement and can continue for a few minutes to hours. Other symptoms may include bright red blood in the stool or on toilet paper after having a bowel movement or a skin tag, or a small lump that appears near the anal fissure.

After a colonoscopy

A colonoscopy is a medical procedure that involves inserting a flexible tube called an endoscope into the anus and through the rectum to the colon. The scope has a camera attached, which allows a doctor to see inside the colon.

People may experience some mild pain or pressure during a colonoscopy. However, a doctor can provide a sedative to help reduce any discomfort.

Gentle movement and walking may help to alleviate any anal, rectal, or gas pains after the procedure.

During or after receptive anal intercourse or instrumentation

The skin around the rectum is very sensitive. Friction from sexual activity involving the anus or inserting objects into the rectum can cause injury, irritation, swelling, or bleeding.

Anal sex is mostly safe. If a person experiences pain during or after anal sex, they may need to increase lubrication.

Individuals who engage in unprotected anal intercourse are at a greater risk of anorectal infections. The most common symptom is a frequent or continuous urge to have a bowel movement. Other symptoms may also include anorectal pain or discomfort.

Learn about how to practice anal sex safely here.

Other medical conditions that can cause rectal pain include:

Inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a term for two conditions: Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative colitis (UC). These conditions cause chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.

Crohn’s most often affects the portion of the small intestine before the large intestine and colon. UC is a long-term condition where the colon and rectum become inflamed.

However, if UC only affects the rectum, it is called proctitis. People with this condition may experience pain in the rectal area.

Other symptoms include:

• tenesmus, a frequent desire to pass feces
• bloody diarrhea
• bleeding in the rectal area

Research has shown that proctitis has also resulted from medical procedures. Chronic radiation proctitis is a side effect that affects 5–20% of people receiving radiation treatment for cancer. A case report from 2000 also demonstrates that one person developed ulcerative proctitis 10 months after a fecal microbiota transplant.

Stercoral ulcers

Stercoral ulcers occur when a person has chronic constipation leading to stagnation of fecal matter.

Multiple areas of ulceration can present in the colon. The most common locations of ulceration are in the sigmoid colon and the rectum.

Anorectal cancer

Anorectal cancer refers to any cancer that affects the anus or rectum.

With anal cancer, a person may not experience symptoms straightaway. They may notice anal bleeding, which people often mistake for hemorrhoids.

Other symptoms of anal cancer include:

• rectal itching
• a lump where the anus opens
• a feeling of fullness or pain at the anus
• changes in bowel movements, including narrower stools
• anal discharge
• swollen lymph nodes at the anus or groin
• difficulty controlling bowel movements

Many of these symptoms may have causes that are not related to anorectal cancers. However, if a person notices these symptoms, it is important they contact a doctor.

The treatment options for rectal pain may vary depending on the underlying cause.

To relieve general pain around the rectum and anus, people can try the following:

• taking a sitz bath or sitting in warm water for a few minutes
• gently washing the area with lukewarm water, particularly after a bowel movement or sweating
• avoiding using any irritating detergents or soap
• wearing breathable, cotton underwear
• wearing loose, comfortable clothing
• avoiding sitting for long periods
• sitting on a cushion or rubber ring to relieve pressure
• taking over-the-counter pain medication to alleviate pain
• using a stool softener, making stools easier to pass
• eating a diet high in fiber and drinking plenty of water to prevent constipation and straining during a bowel movement
• taking any medications according to the prescribing doctor’s instructions

Some conditions may require surgical treatment if a person experiences severe or persistent symptoms that do not respond to more conservative treatment. Examples include:

• severe fissures
• severe fistulas
• severe hemorrhoids

A person who experiences rectal pain may also experience accompanying symptoms. Depending on the cause of the rectal pain, these may include:

• a feeling of pressure in the anal, rectal, or pelvic area
• a sensation of the bowels not emptying fully after a bowel movement
• difficulty having bowel movements
• gas and gas pains
• leakage or an inability to control bowel movements
• rectal or anal bleeding

A doctor may carry out a rectal examination to diagnose the cause of rectal pain.

During a rectal examination, a person will lie down on their left side, with their knees curled towards their chest. A doctor will then insert a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum to feel for any problems. People may need to squeeze around the finger to test muscle function.

Depending on the person’s symptoms, a doctor may also carry out additional tests. These may include:

• Endorectal ultrasound: This allows a doctor to see images of the rectal wall and surrounding areas. It can be useful in showing rectoceles or rectal prolapse.
• Anorectal manometry: This test assesses the function and strength of muscles around the rectum.
• Videodefecogram: This is a specialized X-ray to show muscle function during bowel movements.

People who experience any of the following symptoms will need to contact a doctor:

• rectal pain that does not ease or eases and then returns
• severe pain or other symptoms
• ongoing rectal bleeding
• a visible or palpable mass that does not improve
• recent trauma to the anus

People may experience rectal pain for a variety of reasons, including pregnancy, hemorrhoids, and muscle spasms. Depending on the cause, symptoms may ease or worsen with a change of position, such as sitting, lying down, or walking.

People may be able to ease rectal pain with home remedies, such as taking a warm bath, sitting on a cushion, or taking pain relief medication.

A person will need to contact a doctor if they experience persistent or worsening rectal pain, rectal bleeding, or any other concerning symptoms.

Causes, remedies, and when to contact a doctor

Rectal pain can result from injury, inflammation, or infections that affect the rectum or anus. Hemorrhoids, prostatitis, and endometriosis are among many possible causes. Treatment will depend on the cause.

The rectum is a part of the digestive system that begins at the lower part of the large intestine and ends at the anus.

People may experience rectal pain at particular times, such as when sitting, walking, or during bowel movements. Depending on the underlying cause of the pain, people may experience additional symptoms, such as constipation, rectal bleeding, or pressure in the pelvic area.

There are many possible causes of rectal pain, so it is important for people to contact a healthcare professional for a diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

This article lists some potential causes of rectal pain according to when the pain is likely to occur. We also list remedies for rectal pain and possible accompanying symptoms. Finally, we provide information on diagnosis and when to contact a doctor.

Below are some potential causes of rectal pain. In some cases, they may occur alongside the appearance of symptoms.

When sitting

Hemorrhoids, also called piles, are swollen and inflamed veins around the anus or in the lower rectum. They can be external or internal.

According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), external hemorrhoids can cause rectal pain or ache when sitting.

Other possible symptoms include:

• anal itching
• hard, sensitive lumps around the anus
• anal ache or pain

The NIDDK states that the symptoms of external hemorrhoids typically resolve within a few days.

When an internal hemorrhoid bulges out into the rectum, it becomes a prolapsed hemorrhoid. This is a common cause of rectal discomfort, pain, and pressure.

Internal hemorrhoids that have not prolapsed are usually not painful, but people may experience bleeding from the rectum.

When walking

A thrombosed external hemorrhoid is a blood clot that occurs in an external hemorrhoid.

According to the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons (ASCRS), large, thrombosed external hemorrhoids can cause pain when walking, when people sit, or during a bowel movement.

People may have an anal mass that appears suddenly and causes pain. According to the ASCRS, the pain may worsen during the first 48 hours but then ease off over the following few days. If the skin covering the blood clot opens, people may also experience bleeding.

When urinating

Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland. The prostate gland is located below the bladder and in front of the rectum. Its primary function is to make seminal fluid.

Prostatitis occurs when the prostate becomes infected with bacteria from the urine or rectum. The condition may cause pain when urinating, along with rectal pain or pressure.

Other possible symptoms of prostatitis include:

• throbbing sensations in the rectal area
• frequent need to urinate
• low urine output
• a burning or stinging sensation when urinating
• pain in the pelvis or lower back
• erectile dysfunction

When lying down

Levator syndrome (LS) is a condition that causes episodic pain in the rectum or bony structures at the base of the spine. Experts do not know the exact cause of LS. However, it is likely due to the spasm of the levator muscles in the pelvic floor. People may experience spasms for no clear reason or after having a bowel movement.

LS can cause pain or a dull ache in the rectum, anus, or tailbone. According to the ASCRS, sitting or lying down can worsen LS symptoms.

At night

Proctalgia fugax (PF) is sudden and intense pain in the rectum that can last for several minutes at a time. The condition typically occurs at night and may wake a person from sleeping. However, it can also happen during the day.

PF likely occurs as a result of spasms in the rectum or pelvic floor muscles.

When coughing

Rectal prolapse is the medical term for when the rectum falls out of place and drops through the anus. A person who has a rectal prolapse may feel a bulge from their anus when straining, such as when coughing, sneezing, or heavy lifting.

Rectal prolapse can cause pressure and pain in the rectum or anus. Other symptoms may include:

• mucus in stool
• bleeding from the rectum or anus
• constipation
• an inability to control bowel movements

During ovulation

Some people may experience uncomfortable or painful symptoms during the ovulation phase of their menstrual cycle. In certain cases, severe pain can be a sign of an underlying health condition, such as endometriosis.

Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to the uterus lining grows in abnormal places, such as the bowels. If endometriosis is present in the rectal area, it can cause pressure on the rectal wall, resulting in the following symptoms:

• rectal pain
• painful bowel movements
• constipation
• back pain

During a period

During menstruation, the body releases chemicals called prostaglandins. High levels of prostaglandins can cause the bowel wall to contract, causing pain, cramping, and diarrhea.

People with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may experience changes in their symptoms throughout the menstrual cycle, and these may correspond to natural hormone fluctuations. According to the Canadian Society of Intestinal Research, studies have found that people with IBS may experience an increase in rectal sensitivity during their period.

During pregnancy

A 2018 study assessed anal pain in 94 females in weeks 19–25 of pregnancy. Participants filled out a questionnaire reporting on anal symptoms throughout the following stages of pregnancy:

• the second and third trimester
• the postpartum period
• three months postpartum

According to the results, 68% of participants experienced anal symptoms, with anal pain being the most common. Other anal symptoms included:

• constipation
• an inability to control bowel movements
• hemorrhoidal complications
• anal fissures

Risk factors for anal symptoms included constipation and medical history of anal problems.

After a hysterectomy

A hysterectomy is a medical term for the removal of the uterus. In some cases, a hysterectomy can weaken the connective tissue between the rectum and the vagina. This can cause a rectocele, a type of prolapse in which the rectum pushes into the vagina.

People may experience symptoms of a rectocele in the rectum, vagina, or both. Symptoms may include:

• pressure in the pelvis
• pain in the abdomen or lower back
• a sensation of something falling down within the pelvis
• feeling a mass within the vagina
• vaginal bleeding that is not due to the menstrual cycle
• constipation
• difficulty having bowel movements
• bowels not feeling empty after a bowel movement
• in some cases, the inability to control a bowel movement

Standing up may worsen symptoms, whereas lying down may ease them.

Before or after a bowel movement

An anal fissure is a small tear in the lining of the anal canal, which is the end of the large intestine between the rectum and anus.

Anal fissures can cause sharp pain, which may begin with a bowel movement and can continue for a few minutes to hours. Other symptoms may include bright red blood in the stool or on toilet paper after having a bowel movement or a skin tag, or a small lump that appears near the anal fissure.

After a colonoscopy

A colonoscopy is a medical procedure that involves inserting a flexible tube called an endoscope into the anus and through the rectum to the colon. The scope has a camera attached, which allows a doctor to see inside the colon.

People may experience some mild pain or pressure during a colonoscopy. However, a doctor can provide a sedative to help reduce any discomfort.

Gentle movement and walking may help to alleviate any anal, rectal, or gas pains after the procedure.

During or after receptive anal intercourse or instrumentation

The skin around the rectum is very sensitive. Friction from sexual activity involving the anus or inserting objects into the rectum can cause injury, irritation, swelling, or bleeding.

Anal sex is mostly safe. If a person experiences pain during or after anal sex, they may need to increase lubrication.

Individuals who engage in unprotected anal intercourse are at a greater risk of anorectal infections. The most common symptom is a frequent or continuous urge to have a bowel movement. Other symptoms may also include anorectal pain or discomfort.

Learn about how to practice anal sex safely here.

Other medical conditions that can cause rectal pain include:

Inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a term for two conditions: Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative colitis (UC). These conditions cause chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.

Crohn’s most often affects the portion of the small intestine before the large intestine and colon. UC is a long-term condition where the colon and rectum become inflamed.

However, if UC only affects the rectum, it is called proctitis. People with this condition may experience pain in the rectal area.

Other symptoms include:

• tenesmus, a frequent desire to pass feces
• bloody diarrhea
• bleeding in the rectal area

Research has shown that proctitis has also resulted from medical procedures. Chronic radiation proctitis is a side effect that affects 5–20% of people receiving radiation treatment for cancer. A case report from 2000 also demonstrates that one person developed ulcerative proctitis 10 months after a fecal microbiota transplant.

Stercoral ulcers

Stercoral ulcers occur when a person has chronic constipation leading to stagnation of fecal matter.

Multiple areas of ulceration can present in the colon. The most common locations of ulceration are in the sigmoid colon and the rectum.

Anorectal cancer

Anorectal cancer refers to any cancer that affects the anus or rectum.

With anal cancer, a person may not experience symptoms straightaway. They may notice anal bleeding, which people often mistake for hemorrhoids.

Other symptoms of anal cancer include:

• rectal itching
• a lump where the anus opens
• a feeling of fullness or pain at the anus
• changes in bowel movements, including narrower stools
• anal discharge
• swollen lymph nodes at the anus or groin
• difficulty controlling bowel movements

Many of these symptoms may have causes that are not related to anorectal cancers. However, if a person notices these symptoms, it is important they contact a doctor.

The treatment options for rectal pain may vary depending on the underlying cause.

To relieve general pain around the rectum and anus, people can try the following:

• taking a sitz bath or sitting in warm water for a few minutes
• gently washing the area with lukewarm water, particularly after a bowel movement or sweating
• avoiding using any irritating detergents or soap
• wearing breathable, cotton underwear
• wearing loose, comfortable clothing
• avoiding sitting for long periods
• sitting on a cushion or rubber ring to relieve pressure
• taking over-the-counter pain medication to alleviate pain
• using a stool softener, making stools easier to pass
• eating a diet high in fiber and drinking plenty of water to prevent constipation and straining during a bowel movement
• taking any medications according to the prescribing doctor’s instructions

Some conditions may require surgical treatment if a person experiences severe or persistent symptoms that do not respond to more conservative treatment. Examples include:

• severe fissures
• severe fistulas
• severe hemorrhoids

A person who experiences rectal pain may also experience accompanying symptoms. Depending on the cause of the rectal pain, these may include:

• a feeling of pressure in the anal, rectal, or pelvic area
• a sensation of the bowels not emptying fully after a bowel movement
• difficulty having bowel movements
• gas and gas pains
• leakage or an inability to control bowel movements
• rectal or anal bleeding

A doctor may carry out a rectal examination to diagnose the cause of rectal pain.

During a rectal examination, a person will lie down on their left side, with their knees curled towards their chest. A doctor will then insert a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum to feel for any problems. People may need to squeeze around the finger to test muscle function.

Depending on the person’s symptoms, a doctor may also carry out additional tests. These may include:

• Endorectal ultrasound: This allows a doctor to see images of the rectal wall and surrounding areas. It can be useful in showing rectoceles or rectal prolapse.
• Anorectal manometry: This test assesses the function and strength of muscles around the rectum.
• Videodefecogram: This is a specialized X-ray to show muscle function during bowel movements.

People who experience any of the following symptoms will need to contact a doctor:

• rectal pain that does not ease or eases and then returns
• severe pain or other symptoms
• ongoing rectal bleeding
• a visible or palpable mass that does not improve
• recent trauma to the anus

People may experience rectal pain for a variety of reasons, including pregnancy, hemorrhoids, and muscle spasms. Depending on the cause, symptoms may ease or worsen with a change of position, such as sitting, lying down, or walking.

People may be able to ease rectal pain with home remedies, such as taking a warm bath, sitting on a cushion, or taking pain relief medication.

A person will need to contact a doctor if they experience persistent or worsening rectal pain, rectal bleeding, or any other concerning symptoms.

Home treatment for anal fissures and list of drugs

Anal fissure is a disease of the internal mucosal wall of the anus. The anal fissure is located at the beginning of the anus, has a linear shape with a size of 1-10 mm. The disease causes severe pain and discomfort during bowel movements. In a neglected state, the anal fissure becomes chronic and increases in size, so it is recommended to immediately consult a proctologist and start treatment.

How to heal a fissure at home

In the early stages, anal fissure is treated conservatively using medications without surgery. The intake of alcohol and spicy foods is completely excluded from the diet. The work of the intestines is getting better, the feces are softened, the injury of the fissure in the anal canal is reduced. Oil micro enemas are applied before the stool (150 g of warm water + 50 g of sunflower oil). The solution is poured into a 200 ml pear. The procedure is carried out for 10-15 days. Manipulation will soften the dense feces that cause injury.

List of laxatives

Can be used as laxatives*:

• duphalac,
• mucofalk,
• forlax,
• exported,
• phytomucine.

* These drugs should not be considered as a recommendation. Each patient needs an individual selection of drugs. Before use, you should consult with a proctologist.

Rectal suppositories

After stools, it is recommended to rinse with warm water without using paper and take a warm bath for 10-20 minutes. Warm water helps to relax the muscles, reduces spasm of the sphincter, the pain fades. After taking water procedures, you can use candles:

• proctoglivenol,
• ultraproject,
• relief-advance,
• hepatrombin G,
• preparation h,
• natalsid.

Suppositories are inserted into the anus twice a day (morning and evening). Before use, the candle must be warmed and kneaded in the hands. After insertion, hold for 2-3 minutes and then push into the anal canal. Delaying the insertion will allow the candle to work better at the beginning of the anal canal.

These drugs and procedures will help you heal your anal fissure at an early stage. If the condition worsens, you should immediately consult a doctor. We strongly do not recommend starting self-treatment of anal fissure at home with an advanced stage of the disease.

Anal fissure ointments and creams

Topical ointments can be used alone to treat anal fissure at home. We offer a selection of effective remedies for anal fissures:

• Levomekol. Ointment accelerates metabolic processes and promotes rapid healing of wounds. Antiseptic substances in its composition can eliminate inflammation in the anus.

• Heparin ointment. The drug is often used to treat anal fissures on the advice of doctors.

• Ointment Ultraprokt. The use of the ointment helps to disinfect the treated area and accelerate wound healing. The drug has an analgesic effect.

• Solcoseryl ointment. The use of the drug allows you to accelerate the healing of wounds of the anus and return to a healthy lifestyle. Before use, it is necessary to apply the ointment on a swab and gently insert into the rectum.

• Ointment Rescuer. The drug is also used to accelerate the regeneration of wounds and the healing of anal fissures at home. The medicine contains natural ingredients that contribute to recovery.

It is recommended to consult a proctologist before use.

Doctors proctologists

Bagdasaryan Lev Karapetovich

Surgeon – coloproctologist, candidate of medical sciences, doctor of the highest category, member of the Association of Coloproctologists of Russia

Work experience: 44 years

4,000

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Bagdasaryan Samvel Lvovich

Surgeon-coloproctologist, candidate of medical sciences, member of the Association of Coloproctologists of Russia

Work experience: 20 years

3 500

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Myshlyaev Anton Vsevolodovich

Coloproctologist surgeon

Work experience: 7 years

3 000

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Treatment of hemorrhoids with folk means.

We use grandmother’s recipes

Hemorrhoids is a disease in which the vascular plexuses of the anus and rectum change. Such changes are accompanied by a number of unpleasant symptoms, of which the most common is blood on toilet paper. Much less common are symptoms such as burning in the anus, pain during and after defecation. However, all of them cause certain inconveniences and reduce the quality of life of the patient. It is possible to alleviate discomfort with the help of traditional medicine, such treatment is usually prescribed outside periods of exacerbation and only after agreement with the attending physician. Let’s consider the main ones.

Oral herbal decoctions

Taking decoctions inside helps to strengthen the walls of blood vessels and improve their tone, thus affecting the cause of the disease. The most effective are decoctions based on the following herbs:
1. Infusion of kidney herb, which is also popularly called “hemorrhoid herb”. For one tablespoon of raw materials, 500 ml of boiling water is used (this amount is enough for a day). Infusion is consumed during the day in three divided doses. The medicine has not only a tonic effect, but also helps to stop bleeding from hemorrhoidal veins.
2. A mixture of yarrow and nettle is used in small quantities: 1 tablespoon of a mixture of herbs is heated in 1 glass of water in a water bath. Use the resulting medicine 5 times a day, 15 ml in order to stop the bleeding of hemorrhoidal veins.
3. Wild raspberry leaves infuse very quickly – 2 tbsp. leaves are poured with a glass of boiling water. After half an hour, the product is ready for use.
4. Carrot tops are brewed at the rate of 40 g of greens per liter of water. Take internally in courses – three glasses a day for two weeks.
5. Fresh red beet juice. Take a quarter cup inside with water.
All of the above drugs are taken 30 minutes before meals.

Trays

Baths with infusions of medicinal plants have a good local anti-inflammatory effect. This method is not recommended for bleeding or infectious complications of hemorrhoids (paraproctitis, fistula, etc.). The following procedures may be performed:
1. Cold baths help reduce itching and burning in the anus. You can take such a water procedure for no more than 5 minutes a day and only in the absence of inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs.
2. Warm baths with the addition of chamomile, sage, St. John’s wort, onion peel. The procedure is carried out in courses of 10 days.
3. Steam baths: a hot decoction of a medicinal plant is poured into a deep container (pot, pan). The patient is placed in such a position that the perineum and anus are above the steam. This bath can be used every day or every other day.
All procedures should not be too long. The optimal time is 5-10 minutes a day.

Lotions

Quite effective and simple lotion is even a cotton swab soaked in cold water. For this type of treatment, the following agents can be used:

• Decoction of strawberry leaves. This remedy can treat both external and internal hemorrhoids (in the case of the latter, a cotton swab with a decoction is carefully inserted into the anus).
• Beets or carrots, grated on a fine grater, wrapped in a bandage and applied to the site of inflammation.
• Rowan berries are crushed to a mushy state, and then wrapped in gauze and applied to the anus.
• You can lubricate prolapsed hemorrhoids with honey, propolis or celandine juice.

These agents help relieve inflammation, heal wounds and stop bleeding.

Rectal suppositories

Candles for hemorrhoids can be prepared independently at home. To do this, the finished mixture of medicinal substances is poured into prepared forms (even a thick paper cone will do), and then cooled in the refrigerator and used for its intended purpose. The tools are based on the following components:
1. Lard with celandine. This combination has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect.
2. It is better to make honey candles from already well-candied honey. they keep their shape better. Such a tool can be cooled in the freezer to maintain the optimal consistency.
3. Butter and a tablet of mumiyo (mountain oil). This active ingredient has good anti-inflammatory, wound healing and antibacterial effects.
4. A thin slice of peeled potato tuber does not require special treatment and is inserted into the rectum for a period of the night.
5. In case of bleeding, frozen clear water can be used for rectal administration. Such suppositories are recommended to be used until the blood loss stops.
As a candle, you can also use a cotton swab lubricated with an active substance (lanolin, propolis, etc.), which is inserted into the rectum at night. Such suppositories relieve inflammation, stop bleeding and provide protection against microbes.

Microclysters

Microclysters are a solution at a comfortable (37-38 degrees) temperature, which is carefully and slowly introduced into the rectum in small portions using an enema. Diluted plant juices (beets, carrots), solutions of honey, propolis, decoctions of sage, celandine, chamomile, etc. are suitable for this method of treatment. Medicinal clay diluted in water has an enveloping effect and has a healing and soothing effect for small wounds and cracks. A contraindication to the use of microclysters is an exacerbation of hemorrhoids with bleeding from the nodes and an infectious process in the anus and perineum.

For all traditional therapies, it should be remembered that their use is possible only as an adjunct therapy to the main treatment prescribed by the attending physician. The described methods help to relieve or eliminate the symptoms of hemorrhoids in the early stages, but are useless in severe ones. Before using any drug, it is recommended to conduct a preliminary allergy test with a small amount of the drug applied to the skin to determine adverse reactions. You can use alternative methods of treating hemorrhoids only after a preliminary consultation with a doctor.